Mehmet BAYRAKTAR, Osman Yaşar TEL, Oktay KESKİN

Investigation of antibiotic resistance among Staphylococcus aureus strains of human and bovine origin

Bu çalışmada, insan ve sığırlardan izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus suşlarında antibiyotiklere direnç oranının Kirby- Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemiyle araştırılması ve metisilin direncinin PCR yöntemiyle saptanması amaçlandı. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi’nin çesitli servislerinde yatan hastalardan izole edilen 114 adet S. aureus suşunun, 114 (%100)’ü ampisilin, 108 (%94.7)’i penisilin G, 76 (%66.6)’sı rifampin, 75 (%65.7)’i sefoksitin, 74 (%64.9)’ü oksasilin ve norfloksasin, 73 (%64)’ü siprofloksasin, 71 (%62.2)’i sefuroksim, 70 (%61.4)’i gentamisin, 66 (%57.8)’sı imipenem, 64 (%56.1)’ü amoksisillin-klavulanik asid, 61 (%53.5)’i tetrasiklin, 37 (%32.4)’si eritromisin, 38 (%33.3)’i klindamisin, 11 (%9.6)’i sulfamethaksazol+trimetoprim ve 8 (%7)’i vankomisine dirençli olarak saptandı. Ancak, vankomisin dirençli S. aureus suşlarının hiçbiri E testi ile dirençli bulunmadı. Subklinik inek mastitislerinden izole edilen 64 adet S. aureus suşunun 13 (%20)’ü gentamisin, 6 (%9.3)’sı eritromisin, 5 (%7.8)’i klindamsin, 4 (%6.2)’ü tetrasiklin, 1 (%1.5)’i amoksisillin-klavulanik aside ve tamamı penisillin ve ampisilline dirençli bulunurken, oksasillin, sefoksitin, imipenem, sefuroksim, vankomisin, siprofloksasin, norfloksasin, rifampin, sulfametaksazol+trimetoprim tamamen duyarlı olduğu belirlendi. PCR ile insan kaynaklı toplam, 114 metisilin dirençli S. aureus (MRSA) suşunun 76 (%66.6)’sında mecA geni saptanırken, sığır orjinli suşlarda mecA geni saptanamadı. Sonuç olarak, insanlardan izole edilen S. aureus suşlarında, antibiyotik direncinin sığırlara göre daha yaygın olduğu, insan ve sığır kaynaklı S. aureus izolatlarında penisilin ve ampicilin direncinin yüksek olduğu, insanlarda metisilin direncinin yaygın olduğu ancak sığırlarda metisilin direncinin insanlardaki kadar yaygın olmadığı kanısına varılmıştır.

İnsan ve sığır orjinli Staphylococcus aureus suşlarının antibiyotik dirençlerinin araştırılması

The objective was to investigate antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from human and bovine by using Kirby-Bauer antibiotic disk test as well as methicillin resistance by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 114 S. aureus strains samples collected from patients hospitalized in various clinics of Harran University Medical School the number and percent of antimicrobial resistant strains were as follows: 114 (100%) ampicillin, 108 (94.7%) penicillin G, 76 (66.6%) rifampin, 75 (65.7%) cefoxitin, 71 (62.2%) cefuroxime, 74 (64.9%) oxacillin, 73 ( 64%) ciprofloxacin, 74 (64.9%) norfloxacin, 70 (61.4%) gentamycine, 66 (57.8%) imipenem, 64 (56.1%) amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 61 (53.5%) tetracycline, 37 (32.4%) erythromycin, 38 (%33.3) clindamycine, 11 (9.6%) sulphamethaxazole-trimethoprim and 8 (7%) vancomycine. None of vancomycin resistant S. aureus was found by E-test. Among 64 S. aureus strains isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis, all were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin while all were found to be highly sensitive to oxacillin, cefoxitin, imipenem, cefuroxime, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampin and sulphamethaxazole-trimethoprime. The number and percent of antimicrobial resistance to other antibiotics were as follows: 13 (20%) gentamicine, 6 (9.3%) erythromycine, 5 (7.8%) clindamycine, 4 (6.2%) tetracycline, 1 (1.5%) amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. All strains were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. PCR analysis showed that 76 (66.6%) of total 114 methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains of human origin had mecA gene. This gene was not detected in bovine strains. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that the incidence of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus strains isolated from humans was higher than that from cattle, penicillin and ampicillin resistance of S. aureus strains of human and cattle origin were highly widespread as well as the methicillin resistance was highly prevalent among S. aureus strains of human origin while it was absent or low among those of cattle origin.

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