ÇÖLYAK HASTALIĞINDA FİBROMİYALJİ SIKLIĞI VE FİBROMİYALJİNİN HASTALAR ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMES
AMAÇ: Çölyak hastalığı, gluten ilişkili bir enteropati olmakla birlikte malabsorbsiyona bağlı bütün vücudu etkileyebilen bir hastalıktır. Diğer yandan antijen maruziyeti sebebiyle kronik inflamasyona da zemin hazırlamaktadır. Kronik inflamasyonun vücutta sistemik etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Çölyak hastalığının sistemik etkileri farklı mekanizmalar üzerinden fibromiyalji sendromunu (FMS) tetikliyor olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı Çölyak hastalarında FMS prevalansını belirlemek ve FMS’nin Çölyak hastaları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya 1 Şubat-10 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Gastroenteroloji kliniğimize başvuran 24 Çölyak hastası (7 aktif, 17 Çölyak diyeti altında) ve 20 kontrol gönüllü olarak dahil edildi. FMS tanısı için 2010 American College of Rheumatology kriterleri kullanıldı. WSPI (yaygın ağrı indeksi), SSS (somatik semptom ağırlık skoru) ve toplamından FMS skoru hesaplandı. Bütün katılımcılara fibromiyalji etki anketi uygulandı. Veriler istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. BULGULAR: Çölyak hastaları ve kontrol grubunda FMS sıklığı birbirleriyle karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı; Çölyak hastalarında %12,5, gönüllü kontrol grubunda %5 (p: 0,61). Kadın ve erkeklerdeki FMS sıklığı benzerdi. Gruplar arasında WSPI, SSS ve FMS skorları açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. FMS etki skalası skorları yönünden FMS olanlar ile olmayanlar karşılaştırıldığında gönüllü kontrol grubunda anlamlı fark yoktu (23,9±18,8 ve 21,5±0; p: 0,90). Çölyak hastalığı olanlarda, FMS etki skoru FMS olanlarda olmayanlara göre daha yüksek olmasına rağmen anlamlılık düzeyine ulaşmamıştır (51,9±25,5 ve 28,5±17,7; p: 0,25). SONUÇ: Türk toplumunda Çölyak hastalarında FMS sıklığını gösteren ilk çalışmadır. Normal popülasyona göre Çölyak hastalığında FMS sıklığı artmamaktadır. Çölyak hastalığında aktivitenin FMS üzerine etkisi yoktur. FMS tanısı olan Çölyak hastalarında olmayanlara göre hayat kalitesi daha çok etkilenmektedir. Daha geniş bir popülasyonda yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
THE PREVALENCE OF FIBROMYALGIA IN CELIAC DISEASE AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF FIBROMYALGIA ON PATIENTS
AIM: Although celiac disease is a gluten-related enteropathy, it is a disease that can affect the whole body due to malabsorption. On the other hand, it paves the way for a continuous chronic inflammation due to antigen exposure. It is known that chronic inflammation has systemic effects on the body. Systemic effects of celiac disease may trigger fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) through different mechanisms. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of FMS in Celiac patients and to evaluate the effect of FMS on Celiac patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Our study included 24 Celiac patients (7 active, 17 under the celiac diet) and 20 voluntarily controls who were admitted to our Gastroenterology outpatient clinic between 1 February and 10 June 2019. 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria were used for the diagnosis of FMS. The FMS score was calculated from the sum of WSPI (widespread pain index) and SSS (symptom severity score). Fibromyalgia impact questionnaire applied to all participants. RESULTS: When the frequency of FMS in celiac patients and voluntarily controls were compared, no significant difference was found; 12.5% in celiac patients and 5% in the control group (p = 0.61). The frequency of FMS in men and women was similar. The FMS effect scale scores were compared with those without FMS, there was no significant difference in the voluntarily control group (23.9±18.8 and 21.5±0; p:0.90). Although the FMS effect score was higher in patients with celiac disease than those without FMS, it did not reach significance (51.9±25.5 vs. 28.5±17.7; p: 0.25). CONCLUSION: This is the first study showing the frequency of FMS in Celiac patients in the Turkish population. FMS does not increase in frequency in Celiac disease compared to the normal population. The activity has no effect on FMS in celiac disease. Studies on a larger population are needed.
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