Hacer KAYHAN KAYA, Abdurrahman ŞERMET, Zafer PEKKOLAY, Ezel TAŞDEMİR, Dilek AYGÜN KEŞİM

Evaluation of the serum visfatin eotaxin and fetuin-A levels of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the serum visfatin, eotaxin and fetuin-A levels in patients with normal BMI and overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and Method: This study perform in 30 T2DM patients and in 20 healthy subjects. Test subjects were divided into four groups as two diabetics and two controls. Diabetics with a body mass index (BMI) of 26.2-29.9 kg/m2 were included in the overweight diabetic group (OD), and those with a body mass index of 20.9-24.9 kg/m2 were included in the normal BMI diabetic group (ND). The volunteers in the control group were also divided into two groups as overweight (OC) and normal BMI (NC). Smoking and alcohol users were not included in the study. In addition, patients with significant diabetic complications such as retinopathy, hypertension, neuropathy, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study. The serum visfatin eotaxin and fetuin-A levels were measured using the ELISA method. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the data of the groups, while Spearman’s analysis was applied for the correlations. Results: The visfatin levels of the OD and ND were significantly higher compared to those of their control groups (p

Keywords:

Visfatin, eotaxin, fetuin-A, type 2 diabetes mellitus,

PDF

___

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2015. Diabetes Care 2015; 38: S1–S2.
Mitrakou A, Kelley D, Mokan M, et al. Role of reduced suppression of glucose production and diminished early insulin release in impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 22-9.
Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1595-607.
Chen L, Magliano DJ, Zimmet PZ. The worldwide epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus: present and future perspectives. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011; 8; 8: 228-36.
Hu FB. Globalization of diabetes: the role of diet, lifestyle, and genes. Diabetes Care 2011; 34: 1249-57.
Opara E. Nutrition and diabetes. Pathophysiology and management. Taylor and Francis Group 2006.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults with diagnosed diabetes--United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2002. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. (MMWR) 2004; 19; 53: 1066-8.
Xu H, Barnes GT, Yang Q, et al. Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J. Clin. Invest 2003; 112: 1821-30.
Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science 2005 Jan 21; 307: 426-30.
Jean-Baptiste S, O’Toole EA, Chen M, Guitart J, Paller A, Chan LS. Expression of eotaxin, an eosinophil-selective chemokine, parallels eosinophil accumulation in the vesiculobullous stage of incontinentia pigmenti. Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 127: 470-8.
Vasudevan AR, Wu H, Xydakis AM, et al. Eotaxin and obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 256-61.
Mori K, Emoto M, Yokoyama H, et al. Association of serum fetuin-A with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 468.
Ix JH, Shlipak MG, Brandenburg VM, Ali S, Ketteler M, Whooley MA. Association between human fetuin-A and the metabolic syndrome: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Circulation 2006; 113: 1760-7.
Ix JH, Wassel CL, Kanaya AM, et al. Fetuin-A and incident diabetes mellitus in older persons. JAMA 2008; 300: 182-8.
Mathews ST, Rakhade S, Zhou X, Parker GC, Coscina DV, Grunberger G. Fetuin-null mice are protected against obesity and insulin resistance associated with aging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 350: 437-43.
Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28: 412-9.
Kelley DE, Williams KV, Price JC, McKolanis TM, Goodpaster BH, Thaete FL. Plasma fatty acids, adiposity, and variance of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 5412-9.
Ruderman N, Chisholm D, Pi-Sunyer X, Schneider S. The metabolically obese, normal-weight individual revisited. Diabetes 1998; 47: 699-713.
Huxley R, James WP, Barzi F, et al. Ethnic comparisons of the cross-sectional relationships between measures of body size with diabetes and hypertension. Obes Rev 2008 Mar; 9: 53-61.
Takebayashi K, Suetsugu M, Wakabayashi S, Aso Y, Inukai T. Association between plasma visfatin and vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2007; 56: 451-8.
Gunduz FO, Yildirmak ST, Temizel M, et al. Serum visfatin and fetuin-a levels and glycemic control in patients with obese type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab J 2011; 35: 523-8.
Toruner F, Altinova AE, Bukan N, et al. Plasma visfatin concentrations in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Horm Res 2009; 72: 33-7.
Sandeep S, Velmurugan K, Deepa R, Mohan V. Serum visfatin in relation to visceral fat, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian Indians. Metabolism 2007; 56: 565-70.
López-Bermejo A, Chico-Julià B, Fernàndez-Balsells M, et al. Serum visfatin increases with progressive beta-cell deterioration. Diabetes 2006; 55: 2871-5.
Habib SS, Bashir S, Habib SH. Serum visfatin relationship with glycemic control and adiposity indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Khyber Med Univ J 2020; 12: 263-7.
Haider DG, Schaller G, Kapiotis S, Maier C, Luger A, Wolzt M. The release of the adipocytokine visfatin is regulated by glucose and insulin. Diabetologia 2006; 49: 1909-14.
El-Shaer OS, Belal KM, Issa HA, El-Adl T. Increased serum visfatin levels in patients with type 2 diabetic patients. Life Sci. J 2012; 9: 114-20.
Dogru T, Sonmez A, Tasci I, et al. Plasma visfatin levels in patients with newly diagnosed and untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 76: 24-9.
Chen MP, Chung FM, Chang DM, et al. Elevated plasma level of visfatin/pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 295-9.
Varma V, Yao-Borengasser A, Rasouli N, et al. Human visfatin expression: relationship to insulin sensitivity, intramyocellular lipids, and inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 666-72.
Berndt J, Klöting N, Kralisch S, et al. Plasma visfatin concentrations and fat depot-specific mRNA expression in humans. Diabetes 2005; 54: 2911-6.
Kara M, Uslu S, Kebapçı N, Özçelik E, Bal C. Evaluation of the serum visfatin and adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Turkish J. Biochem 2014; 39: 181–7.
Choi KM, Kim JH, Cho GJ, Baik SH, Park HS, Kim SM. Effect of exercise training on plasma visfatin and eotaxin levels. Eur J Endocrinol 2007; 157: 437-42.
Esposito K, Giugliano D. The metabolic syndrome and inflammation: association or causation? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2004; 14: 228-32.
King GL. The role of inflammatory cytokines in diabetes and its complications. J Periodontol 2008; 79: 1527-34.
Pickup JC. Inflammation and activated innate immunity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 813-23.
Lukic L, Lalic NM, Rajkovic N, et al. Hypertension in obese type 2 diabetes patients is associated with increases in insulin resistance and IL-6 cytokine levels: potential targets for an efficient preventive intervention. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11: 3586-98.
Kashiwagi R, Yamada Y, Ito Y, et al. Increase in adiponectin level prevents the development of type 2 diabetes in japanese men with low adiponectin levels. J Endocr Soc 2018; 2: 753-64.
Zheng M, Wang X, Guo H, et al. The cytokine profiles and ımmune response are ıncreased in covıd-19 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021: 9526701.
Herder C, Haastert B, Müller-Scholze S, et al. Association of systemic chemokine concentrations with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes: results from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg Survey S4 (KORA S4). Diabetes 2005; 54: S11-7.
Sun Q, Cornelis MC, Manson JE, Hu FB. Plasma levels of fetuin-A and hepatic enzymes and risk of type 2 diabetes in women in the U.S. Diabetes 2013; 62: 49-55.
Song A, Xu M, Bi Y, et al. Serum fetuin-A associates with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Chinese adults. PLoS One 2011; 6: e19228.
Yilmaz MI, Saglam M, Qureshi AR, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in type-2 diabetics with early diabetic nephropathy is associated with low circulating adiponectin. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 1621-7.
Dutta D, Mondal SA, Kumar M, et al. Serum fetuin-A concentration predicts glycaemic outcomes in people with prediabetes: a prospective study from eastern India. Diabet Med 2014 Dec; 31: 1594-9