Sebzelerde erkek kısırlığı mekanizmasından yararlanılarak F, hibrit tohum üretimi

Sebze çeşit ıslahında; son yıllarda adaptasyon, verim, kalite, hastalık ve zararlılara dayanıklılık yönünden istenen özelliklere sahip çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi ve tohum üretimine yönelik olarak önemli başarılar elde edilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda polinasyon kontrol yöntemleri de kullanılmaya başlanmıstır. F1 hibrit tohumluğunun daha kolay ve ekonomik olarak üretilebilmesi amacıyla sebze ıslahında, polinasyon kontrol yöntemleri üzerinde çok sayıda araştırmalar yürütülmüştür. Sebze türlerinden soğan, havuç ve lahanagillerde erkek kısırlığından yararlanılarak F1 hibrit tohum üretimi günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Solanaceeae familyasına ait sebze türlerinde ise pratik kullanım imkanı bulunsa bile pratikte sorunlarla karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu derlemede sebzelerde erkek kısırlık mekanizmasından yararlanılarak F1 hibrit tohum üretiminin aşamaları ve ıslah programlarında kullanıldığında karşılasılan sorunlar detaylı olarak verilmiştir.

F, hybrid seed production in vegetable breeding using Male-Sterility

Important achievements were obtained in vegetable breeding regarding seed production and development of prominent varieties displaying high performance in respect to adaptation, yield and resistance to diseases and pests in recent years. Pollination control methods were used to produce F1 hybrid vegetable seeds easily and economically. F1 hybrid seed has been produced extensively by using male sterility in vegetable species like onion, carrot and cabbages in recent days. Male sterility may also be used in vegetables belonging to the Solanaceae family, but there are some practical problems. The F1 hybrid seed production stages using male sterility and the arising problems in breeding programs have been reviewed in detail in this article.

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