İnce taneli zeminler için önerilen bulanık sınıflama sürecinin bir uygulaması

Mühendislik jeolojisinde tasarıma yönelik ön çalışmalarda zeminlerin sınıflandırılması önemli bir aşamadır. Bir zemine atanabilecek birkaç harf ya da sayı uygulayıcı mühendislere çok hızlı olarak bir fikir sağlamaktadır. Ulusal ve uluslararası zemin sınıflama sistemlerinde ince taneli zeminlerin sınıflandırılması plastisite abağı ile yapılmaktadır. Ancak, likit limit ve plastik limit deneylerini etkileyen bazı faktörlere bağlı olarak zemin sınıfının plastisite abağı ile belirlenmesi sırasında belirsizlikler oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca, tanımlama noktalarının kimi zaman sınıfları ayıran çizgiler üzerine veya yakınına düşmesi durumunda belirsizlik seviyesi artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu belirsizlikleri en aza indirmek için daha önce geliştirilen bir bulanık sınıflama sürecinin uygulaması yapılmıştır. Söz konusu bulanık sınıflama sürecinde plastisite abağındaki tanımlama noktalarının sınırları ayıran çizgilere olan dik mekansal mesafeleri dikkate alınmıştır. Sigmoid fonk siyonu kullanılarak tanımlama noktalarının bulanık plastisite ve bulanık zemin değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Son olarak bulanık işlemciler yardımı ile bulanık zemin sınıfları elde edilmiştir. Önerilen bulanık sınıflama süreci 100 adet laboratuvar verisi üzerinde uygulanmış ve elde edilen bulanık zemin sınıfları klasik zemin sınıfları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Zemin sınıflaması, Plastisite abağı, Belirsizlikler, Bulanık küme kuramı

An application of a fuzzy classification routine suggested for fine grained soils

Soil classification is an important stage in preliminary studies for design applications in engineering geology. A few letters or numbers assigned to a soil provide rapidly an idea to engineers. The classification of fine grained soils in national and international soil classification systems is determined using plasticity chart. However, because of the factors affecting liquid and plastic limit tests, uncertainties can arise in classification of fine-grained soils when this approach is used. Furthermore, uncertainty level has increased in case points fall sometimes on the lines or near the lines. In this study, an application of a fuzzy classification routine which was suggested before to minimize these uncertainties was performed. In the suggested method, the spatial distances of the evaluation points on the chart from the lines were considered. The membership degrees that define the fuzzified soil and plasticity were determined by using sigmoid function. Finally, fuzzy soil classes were obtained by using fuzzy operators. The suggested fuzzy classification routine, was performed on classification of 100 fine-grained soil samples ad obtained fuzzy soil classes were compared with crisp soil classes.

Keywords:

Soil classification, Plasticity chart, Uncertainties, Fuzzy set theory,

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