YÜKSELEN PİYASA EKONOMİLERİNDE ŞÜPHELİ BANKA KREDİLERİ VE KREDİ AÇIĞININ DÖNGÜSEL ETKİLEŞİMLERİ

Çalışmada yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinde şüpheli banka kredileri ve kredi açığının ekonomik ve finansal döngülerden nasıl etkilendiği araştırılmıştır. Bu çerçevede şüpheli krediler ile kredi açığının ekonomik faaliyet hacmini yansıtan değişkenlerle karşılıklı etkileşimleri üzerinde durulmuştur. 20 yükselen ekonomiden derlenen 1999-2014 dönemi yıllık verilerinden meydana gelen bir panel veri seti analiz edilmiştir. Analiz yöntemi olarak Cagala ve Glogowsky’nin (2012) geliştirdikleri panel VAR yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, banka kredilerinin ekonomik faaliyet hacmi ve finansal varlık fiyatları üzerindeki derin etkileri olduğu görüşünü doğrular niteliktedir. Öte yandan bu etkileşim tek yönlü değil, karşılıklıdır. Şüpheli kredilerin olası finansal ve reel şoklardan şiddetli bir şekilde olumsuz etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Benzer şekilde bu değişkende gözlenebilecek şokların hem reel hem de finansal ekonomide ciddi dalgalanmalara neden olması olasılığı belirlenmiştir. Sistemik banka krizlerinin öncü bir göstergesi olarak gösterilen kredi açığı da reel ve finansal şoklara duyarlıdır. 

CYCLICAL INTERACTS OF CREDIT RISK AND CREDIT-TO-GDP GAP IN EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES

In the study, how the non-performing bank loans and the credit-to-GDP gap affected the economic and financial cycles in the emerging market economies were investigated. Especially the interactions of the non-performing loans and the credit-to-GDP gap with the variables reflecting the economic activity volume is emphasized. A panel data set compiled from 20 emerging market economies and consisting of annual data covering the period 1999-2014 has been analyzed. The panel VAR method developed by Cagala and Glogowsky (2012) is used as the analysis method. Findings confirm that bank loans have profound effects on economic activity volume and financial asset prices. On the other hand, it is also determined that this interaction is reciprocal. According to the findings, non-performing loans are severely affected by possible financial and real shocks. Likewise, the likelihood that credit shocks will cause serious fluctuations in both the real and financial economy has been determined. The credit-to-GDP gap, which is seen as a leading indicator of systemic bank crises, is also sensitive to real and financial shocks.

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