Fawad ALI, Muhammad Azhar NADEEM, Iftikhar KHALİL, Muzaffer BARUT, İlker YÜCE, Faheem BALOCH

Yazlık Buğdayda Verim ve Verim ile İlgili Genetik Parametrelerin F3 Açılan Populasyonlarında Tahmini

Çeşitli koşullara adapte olmuş verimli çeşitlerin geliştirilebilmesi için buğday genotiplerinin genetik çeşitliliği hakkında bilgiye sahip olunması yararlıdır. Sekiz ebeveynden elde edilen 12 adet F3 yazlık buğday popülasyonu arasında geniş anlamda kalıtım derecesi, beklenen seleksiyon yanıtı ve korelasyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. 20 adet buğday genotipi incelenen tüm özellikler için oldukça önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir (P≤ 0.01). BT4N-11 × Zam-2004 ile bitki başına en yüksek başak sayısı saptanırken, BTRF-1 × Zam-2004 ile bitki başına en yüksek başakçık sayısı ve bitki başına başakta en yüksek tane sayısı saptanmıştır. BTRF-17 × Kohat-2010 ile bitki başına en yüksek tane verimi ve hasat indeksi elde edilirken, 12 F3 popülasyonu arasında BTRF-3 × Zam-2004 ve BT4N-11 × Kohat-2010 ile en yüksek 1000 dane ağırlığı ve biyolojik verim elde edilmiştir. Değerlendirilen 12 F3 popülasyonu arasında incelenen tüm özellikler için orta ila yüksek kalıtsallık tahminleri elde edilmiştir. Temel bileşen analizi ile bitki başına biyolojik verim (0.483), 1000 tane ağırlığı (0.586) ve hasat endeksi (0.601) önemli varyasyon sağlayan özellikler olarak saptanmıştır. Korelasyon analizi tane verimi, biyolojik verim ve 1000 tane ağırlığı için birbirleri arasında ve ayrıca verime katkıda bulunan diğer özelliklerle pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, BT4N-11 × Zam-2004, BT4N-11 × Kohat-2010, BT6N-12 × Zam-2004 ve BTRF-17 × Kohat-2010 ile üstün genetik parametreler sergilenmekle birlikte, 12 F3 popülasyonu arasındaki verim bileşenlerinin çoğunda iyi bir performansa sahip olduğu ve bu nedenle arzu edilen hatların seçimi için ileriki çalışmalarda ayrıca F4 popülasyonları olarak kullanılabileceği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çeşitlilik, Tane verimi, Kalıtsallık

Estimation of Genetic Parameters in F3 Segregating Spring Wheat Populations for Yield and Yield Related Traits

The knowledge about genetic diversity of wheat genotypes is useful for the development of efficient cultivars adapted to diverse conditions. Various genetic parameters like broad-sense heritability, expected selection response, and correlation analysis were estimated among 12 F3 spring wheat populations derived from eight parents. The 20 wheat genotypes exhibited highly significant differences (P≤ 0.01) for all the studied traits. BT4N-11 × Zam-2004 revealed maximum spikes plant-1, while highest spikelets and grains spike-1 were obtained for BTRF-1 × Zam-2004. BTRF-17 × Kohat-2010 and BT6N-5 × Kohat-2010 revealed maximum grain yield and harvest index plant-1, while BTRF-3 × Zam-2004 and BT4N-11 × Kohat-2010 showed maximum 1000-grain weight and biological yield plant-1 among 12 F3 populations. Moderate to high heritability estimates were obtained for all the studied traits among the evaluated 12 F3 populations. Principal component analysis revealed biological yield per plant (0.483), 1000-grain weight (0.586), and harvest index (0.601) as the major variability contributing traits. Correlation analysis for grain yield, biological yield, and 1000-grain weight exposed positive and significant associations among each other and also with other yield contributing traits. Hence, it is concluded that BT4N-11 × Zam-2004, BT4N-11 × Kohat-2010, BT6N-12 × Zam-2004 and BTRF-17 × Kohat-2010 exhibited high estimates of genetic parameters and multivariate analysis coupled with high mean performance for most of the yield traits among 12 F3 populations and therefore, should be further used as F4 populations for possible selection of desirable lines.

Keywords:

Diversity, Grain yield, Heritability,

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