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Türkiye’de Domates Seralarında Kurşuni Küf (Botrytis cinerea) Hastalığının Boscalid ve Pyraclostrobin’e Karşı Fungisit Dayanıklılığının Değerlendirilmesi

Polifag bir patojen olan Botrytis cinerea, domatesin toprak üstü kısımlarını enfekte edebilmekte ve önemli verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olmaktadır. Fungisitler bu patojenin kontrolünde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde patojenlerin etkili ve hızlı kontrolünü sağlayan fungisitlere karşı dayanıklılık oluşumu önemli bir sorundur. Bu çalışmada Antalya ili domates seralarından elde edilen B. cinerea izolatlarının Signum® (boscalid + pyraclostrobin) ve Cantus® (boscalid) fungisitlerine karşı dayanıklılığı in vitro koşullarda değerlendirilmiştir. Farklı fungisit konsantrasyonları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen misel gelişim testleri ile EC50 değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Boscalid’e hassas izolatların EC50 değerleri 0,7 ile 8,6 μg/ml arasında değişirken, boscalid + pyraclostrobin etken maddelerine karşı hassas izolatların EC50 değerleri 0,1 ile 1,9 μg/ml arasında bulunmuştur. Konidi çimlenme testleri % 2’lik su agarı (WA) ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. 61, 69, 72 ve 81 numaralı izolatların her iki fungisite dayanıklı olduğu, 57 ve 97 numaralı izolatların boscalide hassas iken boscalid + pyraclostrobin’e dayanıklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. İzolatların %20'sinin her iki fungiside dayanıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Boscalid’e dayanıklı, ancak boscalid + pyraclostrobin’e hassas izolatlar bulunamamıştır. Bu çalışmada Antalya ilindeki B. cinerea populasyonlarında boscalid ve boscalid + pyraclostrobin etken maddelerine karşı dayanıklılık oluşumuna ilişkin ilk veriler sunulmuştur. Patojenin mücadelesinde entegre mücadele programlarının geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antalya, Domates, Kurşuni küf, Boscalid, Pyraclostrobin

Evaluation of the Fungicide Resistance of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) in Tomatoes to Boscalid and Pyraclostrobin in Greenhouse Areas of Turkey

Botrytis cinerea, a polyphagous pathogen, can infect all of the aboveground parts of tomato plants and cause significant yield and quality losses. Fungicides are commonly used for the control of this pathogen. Currently, resistance to fungicides, which provide the effective and fast control of pathogens, is an important problem. In this study, resistance of B. cinerea isolates obtained from tomato greenhouses in Antalya province against Signum® (boscalid + pyraclostrobin) and Cantus® (boscalid) fungicides were evaluated under in vitro conditions. Mycelium growth tests conducted with different fungicide concentrations and EC50 values were calculated. While EC50 values of isolates sensitive to boscalid varied between 0.7 and 8.6 μg/ml, EC50 values of isolates sensitive to boscalid + pyraclostrobin were found to be between 0.1 and 1.9 μg/ml. Conidial germination tests were carried out in a 2% water agar (WA) medium. It was determined that isolates 61, 69, 72, and 81 were resistant to both fungicides, while isolates 57 and 97 were sensitive to boscalid and resistant to boscalid + pyraclostrobin. It has been determined that 20% of the isolates were resistant to both fungicides. Isolates resistant to boscalid but sensitive to boscalid+pyraclostrobin were not found. With this current in vitro study, the first data on the resistance formation against boscalid and boscalid + pyraclostrobin active ingredients in B. cinerea populations in Antalya province were presented. There is a need to develop integrated control programs that can be used in the control of the pathogen.

Keywords:

Antalya Boscalid, Gray Mold, Pyraclostrobin, Tomato., Tomato,

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