IMPORT DEPENDENCY ON INTERMEDIATE GOODS IN TURKEY: AN INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS

In this study, import dependency on intermediate goods within main manufacturing industries in Turkey was analyzed using World Input-Output Database (WIOD) between 2002 and 2014. Moreover, import dependency on intermediate goods within consumption goods sector was compared to that within export goods sector using a weighted multipliers approach. The analysis shows that Turkey’s import dependency on intermediate goods increased significantly in this period. The computer, electronic and optical products and automotive industries showed a markedly high import dependency on intermediate goods. The main reason for the import dependency in the automotive industry was the fact that; almost all goods produced were exported. The computer, electronic and optical products industry experienced high import dependency on intermediate goods, whereas the ratio of export to total output gradually declined and domestic consumption increased. The research reveals that after the 2000-2001 Economic Crisis, a number of institutional factors promoting a liberal economy and thus attracting FDI, stimulated the productivity growth of export goods. Thus, export growth was followed by high import dependency in export goods.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Input-Output Analysis, Import Dependency, Institutional Economics.

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin temel sanayi endüstrilerindeki ithal girdi bağımlılığı, Dünya Girdi-Çıktı Veri Tabanı (WIOD) 2002 ve 2014 yılları arasındaki tablolar kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca yine yurtiçi ve ihracattaki ithal girdi bağımlılığı ağırlıklandırılmış çarpan metodu kullanılarak bulunmuştur. Türkiye’nin endüstriyel ithal girdi bağımlılığının önemli derecede arttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu endüstrilerin başında bilgisayar, elektronik ve optik ürünleri ve otomotiv endüstrisi gelmektedir. Otomotiv endüstrisindeki ithal girdi bağımlılığının en büyük nedeni üretilen ürünlerin büyük kısmının ihraç edilmesidir. Bilgisayar, elektronik ve optik ürünleri endüstrisindeki ithal girdi bağımlılığı artarken ihraç edilen ürünün toplam çıktı içerisindeki payının düştüğü ve yurtiçi tüketimin arttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışma 2000-2001 Ekonomik Krizinden sonra liberal ekonomiyi desteklemek için gerçekleştirilen ve yabancı doğrudan yatırımların artmasına yardımcı olan kurumsal değişimlerin ihracat verimliliğinde artışa neden olduğunu gözlemlemiştir. Bu yüzden ihracat artışı ihraç ürünlerinin ithal girdiye olan bağımlılığındaki artış ile takip edilmiştir.

Keywords:

Girdi-Çıktı Analizi, İthal Girdi Bağımlılığı, Kurumsal Ekonomi.,

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