MEVSİMLER KONUSUNUN ÖĞRETİMİ ÜZERİNE DENEYSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA: MODEL DÖNÜŞÜMÜ

Bu çalışmada mevsimler konusunun fiziksel modeller ve sanal gerçeklik programlarıyla öğretilmesinin öğretmen adaylarının paylaşılan modellerine etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda 3 farklı fiziksel model geliştirilmiş olup, 3 farklı sanal gerçeklik programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 100 Fen Bilimleri öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri açık uçlu soru formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Veriler uygulamalar öncesi, uygulamalar sonrası ve uygulamalardan uzun süre sonra (kalıcılık) olmak üzere üç kere alınmış olup içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler soru-soru analiz ve tüm sorulara verilen cevapları birlikte değerlendiren bütüncül analiz şeklinde olmak üzere iki aşamada yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda mevsimler konusunun öğretiminde her iki yönteminde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fakat gerçekleşen öğrenmelerin kalıcılığını sağlamada fiziksel modellerle yapılan öğretimin daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca bütüncül analizler sonrası fiziksel modellerle yapılan öğretimin öğrencileri bilimsel modele yönlendirirken, sanal gerçeklik programlarıyla yapılan öğretimin ise sentez modele yönlendirdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkarak astronomi öğretiminde fiziksel modellerin kullanımının ve üretiminin yaygınlaştırılması önerilmiştir. Son olarak mevsimler konusunun öğretiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken durumlar belirtilmiştir

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