Tam yağlı soyanın metabolik enerji değerinin broyler performansından tahmini

Tam yağlı soyanın (TYS) metabolik enerjisi (ME) bilimsel literatürde 3300 den 3900 Kcal/kg a kadar değişen değerler almaktadır. Belirli bir köken (ABD) ve işleme yöntemine (ekstrüzyon) sahip tam yağlı soyanın ME değerini belirlemek üzere broyler civcivlerle bir araştırma denemesi düzenlenmiş ve broyler performansından ME değerinin tahminine çalışılmıştır. Bunun için TYS'nin 3300, 3500-ve 3700 Kcal ME/kg içerdiği varsayılarak broyler başlatma (%23 H.Protein; 3010 Kcal ME/kg), büyütme (%21 H. Protein; 3175 Kcal ME/kg) ve bitirme (%19 H. Protein; 3225 kcal ME/kg) rasyonları formüle edilerek, sırasıyla 0-14, 15-28 ve 29-42. günler arasında ROSS ırkı erkek-dişi karışık civcivlere yedirilmiştir. Deneme şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme desenine uygun olup, civcivler her 3 muameleye 8 er teker-rüilü ve iki blok halinde ve her tekerrürde 10 adet olacak şekilde şansa bağlı olarak dağıtılmıştır. Deneme yemleri ve su civcivlere serbest olarak verilmiştir. Deneme odaları 23 saat aydınlık ve 1 saat karanlık olacak şekilde aydınlatılmıştır. Deneme 42 gün sürmüştür. Toplanan veriler varyans analizi ve Duncan's Multiple Range testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Deneme sonucunda TYS'nin ME değerinin 3700 alınması halinde, yem tüketiminin azaldığı ve buna bağlı olarak 3300 ve 3500 değerlerine göre 42 günlük canlı ağırlık ve besi süresince elde edilen ağırlık kazançlarında istatistik olarak önemli (P

The metabolizable energy value prediction of full-fat soybean from broiler performance

An experiment was conducted in order to estimate the ME value of full-fat soybean processed with wet extrusion using 480 day old mixed sexes ROSS broiler chicks. Three dietary treatments were formulated assuming the full-fat soybean to have three ME values (3300, 3500, 3700 Kcal/kg). Broiler diets (starter, grower and finisher) were mixed isocaloric and isonitrogenous according to Ross (2002) recommendations and were fed as ad libitum. Eight replicate groups of 10 day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to each of 3 treatments in two blocks. Ten birds were placed in each of the experimental cages with wire floor and equipped with nipple drinkers and trough, feeders. The experiment was set up according to completely randomized blocks. Chicks were given 23 h light and 1 h dark throughout the 42 day experimental period. The results of the present experiment indicated that broilerperformance was significantly (P<0.05) affected by the given different ME values of full-fat soybean. Body weight, feed intake, weight gain and European Efficiency Index of the group fed with 3700 Kcal ME/kg were significantly (P<0.05) lower than the other two groups fed with 3300 and 3500 Kcal ME/kg values. Body weight of the experimental groups were respectively, 2302, 2344 and 1965 g during the 42 day experimental period. European Efficiency Index of the group fed with 3700 Kcal ME/kg was significantly (P<0.05) lower than the other two groups (3300 and 3500 Kcal ME/kg) being 276, 322 and 332, respectively. In conclusion, full-fat soybean processed with wet extrusion was estimated to have an ME value of between 3300-3500 Kcal/kg and averagely 3400 Kcal ME /kg. To estimate the ME value of a full-fat soybean a broiler performance trial can be considered reliable.

___

1. ARABA M, DALE NM. Evaluation Of Protein Solubility as an Indicator Of Over Processing Soybean Meal. Poult. Sci. 1990; 69 (1):76-83.

2. COOK DA, JENSEN AH, FRALEY JR, HYMOWITZ T. Utilization of Raw Soybeans of Low Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor Content. J. Anim. Sci. 1988; 66:1686-1691.

3. C.V.B. Veevoedertabel, Central Veevoederbureau, Lelystad, The Netherlands, 1994.

4. DOUGLAS MW, PARSONS CM, HYMOWITZ T. Nutritional Evaluation of Lectin-Free Soybeans For Poultry. Poult. Sci. 1999; 78(1):91-95.

5. EDWARDS III HM, DOUGLAS MW, PARSONS CM, BAKER DH. Protein and Energy Evaluation of Soybean Meals Processed From Genetically Modified High-Protein Soybeans. Poult. Sci. 2000; 79(4):525-527.

6. FEDNA. Normas FEDNA Para La Formulacion De Piensos Compuestos. 1.Valor Nutritivo De Los Concentrados De Proteina Vegetal. Fundacion Espanola para el Desarollo de la Nutricion Animal. Madrid, 1994.

7. FEEDSTUFFS . Ingredient Analysis Table: 2000 Edition (Ed. By Nick Dale). July 13, 2000.

8. INRA. L’alimentation Des Animaux Monogastriques: Porc, Lapin, Volailles. 2nd Ed. INRA, Paris, Cedex, 1989.

9. JANSSEN WMMA, CARRE B. Influence of Fibre on Digestibility of Poultry Feeds. In: Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition (Ed. By W. haresign, and D.J.A. Cole). Butterworths, London, UK. 1985; 71-86.

10. LEESON S, SUMMERS JD. Scott’s Nutrition of the Chicken. 4th Ed. By S.Leeson, J.D. Summers. University Books P.O. Box 1326. Guelph, Ontario, Canada. 2001; 82-90.

11. MATEOS GG, GARCIA P, MEDEL P. Tam Yağlı Soyanın Kanatlı Rasyonlarında Kullanılması. 2. Uluslararası Tam Yağlı Soya Konferansı, 21-24 Ağustos 1996, Budapeşte, Macaristan, 1996; 191- 199.

12. NRC. National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, Ninth revised edition. National Academy of Science Washington DC, 1994.

13. PARSONS CM, HASHIMOTO K, WEDEKIND KW, BAKER DH. Soybean Protein Solubility in Potassium Hydroxide: An In Vitro Test Of In Vivo Protein Quality. J. Anim. Sci. 1991; 69:2918-2924.

14. ROSS, Broiler Management Manual. Aviagen Limited. Nerwbridge, Midlothian EH 28 8SZ, Scotland, UK, November 2002; 105.

15. SETNA. Tablas De Composicion De Materias Primas. Setne, Madrid, 1995.

16. SAS. Statistical Analysis System. User’s Guide, Institute, Carry, North Carolina, 1996.

17. WISEMAN J. Full Fat Soybean and Fats and Oils in Poultry Rations. American Soybean Association. Madrid, Spain, 1987.

18. WPSA (World’s Poultry Science Association). European Table of Energy Values for Poultry Feedstuffs. WPSA European Federation, Nutrition Working Group. Spelderholt center for Poultry Research and Information Services. 7361 DA Beekbergen, The Netherlands, 1989.

19. WALDROUP PW, COTTON T. The Usage of Heated Soybean in Mash Broiler Feeds at Maximum Levels. Poutry Sci. 1974; 53:667-680.