Herakleia Pontike Sikkeleri Üzerinde Herakles'in On İki İşinin Tasvirleri

Bithynia Bölgesi’nde yer alan Heraklia Pontike kenti adını, Yunan mitolojisinin, gücü ve cesaretiyle sembolleşmiş yenilmez kahramanı olan Herakles’ten almıştır. Kentin sikkeleri üzerinde de Herakles ve onunla ilgili mitler çoğunluktadır. Antik Çağ’ın en meşhur mitlerinden biri olan Herakles’in On İki İşi’nin tamamı kentin sikkeleri üzerinde yer almaktadır. Herakleia Pontike kenti, Anadolu’da bu görevlerin tamamının sikkeler üzerinde tasvir edildiği az sayıda olan kentlerden biridir

REPRESENTATIONS OF THE LABORS OF HERACLES ON HERACLEIA PONTICE COINS

Heracleia Pontice, its name derived from Heracles an invincible hero symbolised his power and courage in Greek mythology, is an ancient city in Bithynia. Heracles figures and his myths that 12 labors one of the famous myths for ancient time, is mostly appeared on coins of the city. Heracleia Pontice is one of the few in the city, which is representation on the coins of all of these tasks Anatolia

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