Hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) Bitkisinin Yüksek Sıcaklık Stresine Verdiği Antioksidant Cevaplar

Bu çalışmanın amacı, hıyar (Cucumis sativus L.) bitkisinin “Beith Alpha F1” adlı çeşidinin yüksek sıcaklık stresi (45 C ve 55 C, 4 saat) altında oluşturduğu antioksidant cevapların araştırılmasıdır. Hıyar bitkileri perlit içeren plastik saksılarda Hoagland besin çözeltisi ile sulanarak iklim dolabında on gün boyunca yetiştirilmiştir. Yüksek sıcaklık uygulamasından 24 saat sonra bitkiler hasat edilmiştir. Hıyar bitkisinin kotiledonlarındaki klorofil-a, klorofil-b ve toplam klorofil miktarı, sıcaklığın artışı ile birlikte dereceli olarak azalmıştır. Hıyar kotiledonlarında yüksek sıcaklıkla indüklenen süperoksit dismutaz aktivitesi, süperoksit radikalinin etkili bir şekilde detoksifiye edildiğini göstermektedir. Yüksek sıcaklık koşullarında kotiledonlardaki düşük askorbat peroksidaz ve yüksek glutatyon redüktaz aktivitesi askorbat-glutatyon döngüsünün inhibe edildiğini işaret etmektedir. Ancak yüksek sıcaklık stresi kotiledonlarda H2O2 (hidrojen peroksit) birikimine yol açmamıştır. Yüksek sıcaklık stresi altında kotiledonlardaki malondialdehit miktarının azalması, membran sistemlerinin kimyasal olarak hasar görmediğini göstermiştir. Buna göre, hıyar kotiledonlarında yüksek sıcaklık stresi etkisiyle süperoksit radikali birikiminin gerçekleşmediği ve katalazın H2O2 detoksifikasyonundan sorumlu enzim olduğu sonucuna varılabilir. Ayrıca hıyar kotiledonlarındaki membran sistemlerinin yüksek sıcaklığın etkisiyle fiziksel olarak zarar görmüş olabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Antioxidant system, hıyar, Cucumis sativus, yüksek sıcaklık stresi, yüksek sıcaklık toleransı

Antioxidant Responses of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Plant to Heat Stress

The aim of this this study is to study the antioxidant responses of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivar, Beith Alpha F1, under heat stress (45 C and 55 C, 4 hours). Cucumber plants were grown in plastic pots containing perlite in the climate chamber for ten days and irrigated with Hoagland nutrient solution. Plants were harvested 24 hours after high temperature application. The amount of chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll in the cotyledons of the cucumber plant gradually decreased with the increase in temperature. Superoxide dismutase activity induced by high temperature in cucumber cotyledons indicates that the superoxide radical is effectively detoxified. Low ascorbate peroxidase and high glutathione reductase activity in cotyledons at high temperature conditions indicate that the ascorbate-glutathione cycle is inhibited. However, heat stress did not lead to the accumulation of H2O2 in cotyledons. In addition, lower level of malondialdehyde in the cotyledons showed that membrane systems were not chemically damaged under heat stress. Accordingly, it could be concluded that superoxide radical accumulation did not occur in the cotyledons of cucumber and catalase was the predominant H2O2-detoxifying enzyme under heat stress. In addition, membrane systems in cucumber cotyledons may be physically affected by high temperature applications.

Keywords:

Antioxidant system, cucumber, Cucumis sativus, heat stress, heat tolerance,

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