Türkiye’nin Suriye Politikası: Değişmeyen Hedefler, Değişen Öncelikler

Türkiye’nin dış politika yaklaşımı, 2016 yılında liberal bir çerçeveden ayrılarak realist bir anlayışa sahip olmuştur. Bu değişimin en net göstergesi ise Suriye iç savaşıdır. Zira Türkiye, Suriye iç savaşından kaynaklı tehditleri önlemek amacıyla askeri güç kullanımını öncelemiştir. Bu makale, Suriye krizi karşısında Türkiye’nin hedeflerinin sabit kaldığını ancak son yıllarda önceliklerinin değiştiğini iddia etmektedir. Nitekim 2011-2016 yılları arasında insani normlar Türkiye’nin Suriye politikasını belirlerken, 2016 yılı sonrasında bu normlar ikincil öncelikler olmuş ve sert güç odaklı askeri operasyonlarla yer değiştirmiştir. Makale bu varsayımı desteklemek amacıyla Suriye krizine karşı Türk Dış Politikası’nın altı temel amacını merkeze almıştır. Bu amaçlar sırasıyla; Suriye’de ortaya çıkan insani krizi yönetmek, Esed Rejimi’nin yıkılması, muhalefet güçlerine destek, İran ile yapılan vekalet savaşı, DAEŞ tehdidini yok etmek ve PYD/YPG’nin hakimiyet alanı kurmasının engellenmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Türkiye, Suriye, Dış Politika, İnsani Normlar, Askeri Kararlılık

Turkey’s Syria Policy: Constant Objectives Shifting Priorities

Turkey’s foreign policy approach started to transform from a more liberal and humanitarian foreign policy to a more realistic and pragmatic one in 2016, which was manifested in the Syrian civil war. In this period Turkey started to prioritize the use of hard power in order to prevent the threats resulting from the civil war. This paper asserts that while Turkey’s objectives in the Syrian crisis have remained stable, its priorities have changed especially in recent years. So, while from 2011-2016 humanitarian norms dominated Turkey’s Syria policy, after 2016, these norms became secondary priorities, and were replaced by hard power-based military assertiveness. To support this hypothesis, six main objectives of Turkey’s foreign policy are taken into consideration: Managing the humanitarian crisis, materializing the fall of the Assad regime, aiding the opposition forces, waging a proxy war with Iran, eliminating the threat of Daesh, and preventing the PYD/YPG from creating an area of dominance.

Keywords:

Turkey, Syria, Foreign Policy, Humanitarian Norms, Military Assertiveness,

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