Dış Politika Aracı Olarak Yaptırımlar: İran’a Uygulanan Yaptırımların Etkileri

Yaptırımların dış politika aracı olarak kullanılması ve etkin birer araç olup olmadığı literatürde tartışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Söz konusu tartışmaların yakın zamandaki en canlı örneği İran’a uygulanan yaptırımlar üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bazı kesimler yaptırımların etkisiz bir araç olduğunu ve İran’a uygulanan yaptırımların da buna örnek teşkil ettiğini öne sürerken diğer bir kesim bunun aksini iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle dış politika aracı olarak yaptırımlar ile alakalı literatürdeki tartışmalara değinilerek yaptırımların hangi şartlar altında başarılı birer araç olabileceği ortaya konulmuş ve yaptırımların etkinliğini belirleyen faktörler sıralanmıştır. Bu çerçevede nükleer sorunun ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte 2002 yılı sonrası İran’a uygulanan yaptırımların etkileri incelenmiştir. Yaptırımların İran üzerindeki ekonomik etkileri ve bu etkilerle bağlantılı olarak İran iç siyasetini, nükleer programını nasıl etkilediği analiz edilmiştir. Son olarak nükleer anlaşmadan hareketle yaptırımların belirli şartlar altında etkili birer araç olup olmadığı İran örneği üzerinden tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

İran, Nükleer Program, Yaptırımlar, Yaptırımların Etkileri

Sanctions as a Foreign Policy Tool: Impact of Sanctions on Iran

The use of sanctions as a foreign policy tool and whether they are an effective tool or not are controversial issues in the literature. The most vivid example of these discussions was revealed on the nuclear-oriented sanctions that imposed on Iran. While Some, by taking Iran sanctions as an example to defend their argument, claim that the sanctions are an ineffective tool in foreign policy others argue quite the opposite. This study firstly examines these existing discussions about sanctions in the literature. Then the article proves under which condition sanctions can be used as a successful tool of foreign policy and it also draws attention to the factors that determine effectiveness of such sanctions. In the light of these findings, the study examines effects the sanctions that were imposed on Iran after 2002. As a part of this context, the study scrutinizes the impact of imposed sanctions on both Iranian economy and domestic politics. Moreover, the study observes how those impacts affected the Iranian ongoing nuclear program. Finally, by considering the example of the sanctions on Iran the article discusses whether sanctions are effective or not under certain conditions.

Keywords:

Iran, Nuclear Program, Sanctions, The impact of Sanctions,

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