TÜRK İDARE HUKUKUNDA ESTOPPEL KURAMININ UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİ

Kazanılmış hak, müesses durum, fiili memur ve haklı beklenti kavramlarının kesişim kümesi olan estoppel kuramı, idarenin davranışları sonucunda ortaya çıkan ve idarenin önceki davranışlarına aykırı bir tasarrufta bulunmasını yasaklayan bir ilkedir. Bir kamu idaresinin davranışına güvenen bireyin bulunduğu konumu değiştirmesi veya konumunu değiştirecek iken idarenin beyanı doğrultusunda aynı konumunu korumayı sürdürmesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan zararın tazmini estoppel ile sağlanır.Estoppelin Türk idare hukukunda tatbiki şu gerekçelerle gereksizdir:i. Estoppel ile beklenen hukuki koruma diğer yerleşmiş ilkelerle sağlanmaktadır. ii. Estoppel kamu yararı kavramını işlevsiz hale getirir.iii. Estoppel özel hukuk kaidelerinin kamu hukukuna girmesine sebep olur.iv. Estoppelin idare hukukunda kabulü, idarenin takdir yetkisini kaldırarak yetki aşımı yapılmasına sebebiyet verebilir.v. Estoppelin kamu hukukunda tatbiki, haklı beklentinin korunması ilkesinin gerektiği gibi özümsenememesine sebep olur. vi. Estoppelin yargı ayrılığı sisteminin uygulandığı Türk hukuk sisteminde sağlıklı uygulaması sağlanamaz

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Estoppel, kazanılmış haklar, müesses durum, haklı beklenti, hukuk devleti, idare hukuku

The Practicability of the Estoppel Hypothesis in the Turkish Administrative Law

The estoppel hypothesis which is the intersection set of the terms acquired rights, established situation, officer de facto and legitimate expectation, is a principle which results from the behavior of the administration and which forbids administrative disposals contrary to its past behavior. The compensation of the damages to a person, who having good faith in the behavior of the administration has changed his position, or while wanting to change his position has kept in his actual position due to a statement of the administration, is achieved by the estoppel. The application of the estoppel in the Turkish administrative law is unnecessary because of the following reasons:i. The expected legal protection by the estoppel is already achieved through other principles. ii. The estoppel makes the concept of public interest dysfunctional.iii. The estoppel causes the principles of private law entering the public law.iv. The acceptance of the estoppel in the administrative law can abolish the discretionary power of the administration and lead to ultra vires decisions.v. The application of the estoppel in the public law could lead to the inadequate internalization of the principle of protection of legitimate expectation.vi. It is not possible to provide the sound application of estoppel in the Turkish legal system where a separation of jurisdiction is applied

Keywords:

Estoppel, acquired rights, established situation, legitimate expectation, rule of law, administrative law,

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