İdeal hâkim ihtiyacı ve yargı etiği
Yargı için etik ilkelerin belirlenmesi, son yıllarda bütün hukuk sistemleri için en önemli önceliklerden birisidir. Küresel bazda, Bangalor ve Budapeşte ilkeleri gibi bazı temel ilke ve kurallar belirlenmesine rağmen iç hukukta bu ilkelerin tam anlamıyla benimsendiğinden bahsetmek zordur. Bu nedenle, diğer ülkelerde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de hem evrensel değerlere hem de Türk gelenek ve göreneklerine uygun etik ilkelerin belirlenmesi bir ihtiyaç olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu ilkelerin belirlenmesindeki temel amaç, yargısal süreçlerin adil, tarafsız ve etkili bir şekilde yürütülmesi yoluyla adalete olan güvenin korunmasıdır.
Need for ideal judge and judicial ethics
Having Identifying ethical principles for judiciary is one of the main priorities for all legal sistems lately. Despite the fact that Bangalor ve Budapest Principles had been identified in global scale, it is hard to say that these principles have thoroughly adopted in domesitic level. Therefore, determining some rules as ethical principles for Turkish Judiciary in line with global standarts and Turkish legal traditions is required. The basic goal of having these principles is to maintain public confidence in judiciary by conducting judicial processes fair, inpartial and efficient manner.
___
- Abraham Abramovskiy, Jonathan I. Edelsteiny: Prosecuting Judges for Ethical Violations: Are Criminal Sanctions Constitutional and Prudent, or Do They Constitute a Threat to Judicial Independence?,Fordham Urban Law Journal, vol 33 2006.
- Alexander R. Green: Implicit Bias Among Physicians And Its Prediction Of Thrombolysis Decisions For Black And White Patients, 22 J.Gen. Internal Med. 1231 (2007).
- Astle, Ruth S.: "Integrity and Ethics in Western Adjudicatory Systems : Toward a Standard" (2008). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 14. http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/theses/14,
- Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin 25 Eylül 2001 tarihli Şahiner-Türkiye Davası, http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/Pages/search.aspx,
- Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin Gregory- İngiltere davası, (1997) 25 EHRR 577, http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/Pages/search.aspx,
- Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin 09/01/2013 tarihli Oleksandr – Ukrayna kararı, http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/Pages/search.aspx,
- Benjamin B. Strawn, Do Judicial Ethics Canons Affect Perceptions of Judicial Impartiality?, Boston University Law Review, Vol. 88:, 2008.
- Bruce A. Green: May Judges Attend Privately Funded Educational Programs? Should Judicial Education be Privatized?: Questions of Judicial Ethics and Policy, Fordham Urban Law Journal, Vol.29, Iss.3, 2001
- Charles Fried, A: Mediation on the First Principles of Judicial Ethics, Hostra Law Review,2004, vol. 32
- Commentary on the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Counduct, http://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/publications_unodc_commentar y-e.pdf,
- Deanell Reece Tacha: Independence of the Judiciary for the Third Century, 46 Mercer Law Review, (1995)
- Dursun, Hasan: Erkler Ayrılığı ve Yargıç Bağımsızlığı, Türkiye Barolar Birliği Dergisi, sayı 80, 2009.
- Emily M. Janoski-Haehlen: The Courts Are All A 'Twitter': The Implications of Social Media Use in the Courts, 46 Val. U. L. Rev. 43, (2011)
- Erwin Chemerinsky: Is İt the Siren’s Call?:Judge and Free Speech While Cases Are Pending,Loyola Of Los Angeles Law Review,1995, vol 28.
- Geyh, Charles G.: "Rescuing Judicial Accountability from the Realm of Political Rhetoric"(2006).Faculty Publications.Paper 303.,http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/facpub/303
- Georey P. Miller: BadJudges,bepress Legal Series,paper 185, 2004,http://law.bepress.com
- Gönenç, Levent: Yargının Bağımsızlığı ve Tarafsızlığı,TEPAV Anayasa Çalışma Metinleri,2011.
- Günday, Metin: İdare Hukuku, İmaj Yayınevi, Ankara, 2004..
- Howard T. Markey: A Need for Continuing Education in Judicial Ethics, 28 Val. U. L. Rev. 647 (1994)
- İnceoğlu, Sibel: Yeni Anayasa’da Bağımsız Bir Yargı İçin Neler Yapmalı?Uluslararası Belgeler Işığında Öneriler, Türkiye Barolar Birliği Dergisi,2011,95.
- Kocaoğlu, Serhat Sinan: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Yargı Sisteminin Temel Sorunu ‘’Hâkim (& Savcı)Niteliği’’ ve Bu Hususta Eklektik Bir Çözüm Önerisi,Ankara Barosu Dergisi, yıl 2011 sayı 3.
- Kochenov, Dimitry: EU Enlargement and the Failure of Conditionality. Pre- accession Conditionality in the fields of democracy and the rule of law, Kluwer Law International,2008.
- Kunter, Nurullah: Muhakeme Hukuku dalı olarak Ceza Muhakemesi Hukuku, İstanbul, 1989.
- Lackey, Michael E. Jr. and Minta, Joseph P. (2012): "Lawyers and Social Media: The Legal Ethics of Tweeting, Facebooking and Blogging," Touro Law Review: Vol. 28: No. 1, Article 7.
- Jeremy M. Miller: Judicial Recusal and Disqualification: The Need for a Per Se Rule on Friendship (Not Acquaintance), 33 Pepp. Law Review. 3, 2006.
- John C. Reitz: Export of the rule of law,Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems,429,2003
- John C. Reitz: Politics, Executive Dominance, and Transformative Law in the Culture of Judicial Independence, University of St. Thomas Law Journal,2008.
- Jörg Philipp Terhechte:, Judicial Ethics for a Global Judiciary – How Judicial Networks Create their own Codes of Conduct By, German Law Journal, Vol. 10, No. 04, 2009
- Magna Carta of Judges, Consultative Council of European Judges, https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=CCJE-MC(2010)3
- Nancy J. Moore: Is the Appearance of Impropriety an Appropriate Standard for Disciplining Judges in the Twenty-First Century?, Loyola University Chicago Law Journal,2009,vol 41.
- Nevin Ünal Özkorkut: Yargı Bağımsızlığı Açısından Osmanlı’da ve Günümüz Türkiye’sinde Yargıya Genel Bir Bakış, Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 2008,c 57, sayı 1.
- Norman L. Greene: A Perspecive on “Temper in the Court: A Forum on Judicial Civility” , Fordham Urban Law Journal,1996, vol 23.
- Opinion no 1 (2001) of the Consultative Council of European Judges (CCJE) for the attention of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on standards concerning the independence of the judiciary and the irremovability of judges , https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=CCJE(2001)OP1
- Opinion no. 3 of the Consultative Council of European Judges (CCJE) on the principles and rules governing judges’ professional conduct, in particular ethics,incompatible behaviour and impartiality,https://wcd.coe.int/ ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=CCJE(2002)OP3
- People v. Garson: 2006 N.Y. LEXIS 616 (Mar. 30, 2006)
- Richard F Devlin: (Re) Constructing Judicial Ethics in Canada, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2083137
- Ronald D. Rotunda: Judicial Ethics, the Appearence of Impropriety and the Proposed New Aba Judicial Code, Hofstra Law Review, Vol. 34, No. 4, Summer 2006.
- Ronan Kennedy: Extra-Judicial Comment by Judges, Judicial Studies Institute Journal,2005.
- Salbu, Steven R. (1992): "Law and Conformity, Ethics and Conflict: The Trouble with Law-Based Conceptions of Ethics," Indiana Law Journal: Vol. 68: Iss. 1, Article 3.
- Stephen M. Simon and Maury S. Landsman: Judicial Ethics Simulation Based Training, 58 Law and Contemporary Problems 323-336 (Summer 1995). http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol58/iss3/24,
- Susie Alegre, Ivanka Ivanova and Dana Denis-Smith: Safeguarding the rule of law in an enlarged Europe, The case of Bulgaria and Romania,CEPS special report,2009, www.ceps.eu
- The European Charter on the Statute for judges ,section 1.3,1998
- Unconscious Influences on Judicial Decision-Making: The Illusion of Objectivity, McGeorge Law Review / 2010, Vol. 43.
- Vincent R. Johnson: The Ethical Foundations of American Judicial Independence, Fordham Urban Law Journal,2001, vol 29.