Civets Ülkelerinin Karşılaştırmalı Makroekonomik Analizi

Dünyanın farklı yönlerde ekonomik ve politik değişimlere sahne olması başta Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü, Dünya Bankası ve Birleşmiş Milletler gibi uluslararası örgütlerce yapılan ülke sınıflandırma sistemlerinin sorgulanmasına ve dolayısıyla yeni ülke gruplandırmalarının ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. 2001 yılında Goldman Sachs’ın baş ekonomisti Jim O’Neill, çeşitli ülkelerin makroekonomik göstergelerin seyri açısından karşılaştırmasına yönelik araştırmasında bazı gelişmekte olan ülkelerin birbirlerine yakın ekonomik göstergelere sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşmıştır. Söz konusu ülkeleri BRIC (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan ve Çin) adı altında toparlamıştır. Bu ülke gruplandırması, Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü, Dünya Bankası ve Birleşmiş Milletler olmak üzere uluslararası örgütler dışında da farklı ülke sınıflandırma sistemlerinin literatürde kabul göreceği kanısının oluşmasına yol açmıştır. Bu gruplandırmalardan biri de CIVETS’dir. Kolombiya, Endonezya, Vietnam, Mısır, Türkiye ve Güney Afrika’yı kapsayan CIVETS gruplaması, 2010 yılında HSBC’nin CEO’su Michael Geoghegan tarafından ortaya atılmıştır. Michael Geoghegan başta demografik yapısı olmak üzere birçok açıdan bu ülkelerin benzeştiklerini savunmuştur. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı, CIVETS ülkelerin makro göstergeler (özellikle de makroekonomik göstergeler) açısından benzerlik arz edip etmediklerini sorgulamaktır. CIVETS ülkelerinin ortalama yaş ağırlıkları ve nüfus artış hızları dikkate alındığında homojen görünüme sahip oldukları görülmektedir. Bir başka ifadeyle, CIVETS ülkelerinin çeşitlilik arz eden dinamik yapısı çerçevesinde homojen bir görünüme sahip oldukları düşünülmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle, CIVETS grubunun ekonomik büyümenin potansiyel bir kaynağı olan insan gücünden optimal düzeyde yararlanamadıkları da söylenebilir.

Comparative Macroeconomic Analysis Of Civets Countries

The economic and political changes witnessed in various aspects across the world have led to the questioning of the country classification systems provided by international organizations, such as World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and United Nations, and brought along new country groupings. In 2001, the chief economist of Goldman Sachs, Jim O’Neill researched the progress of macroeconomic indicators of several countries and concluded that some developing countries have similar economic indicators. He classified this group of countries as BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). This classification produced the view that different country classification systems other than the classifications that constitute prominent international organizations, such as World Bank, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and United Nations, can be acceptable in the literature. One of these groupings is CIVETS. Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey and South Africa, which are included in the CIVETS grouping, were identified as so by Michael Geoghegan, who was the CEO of HSBC, in 2010. Geoghegan argued that these countries are similar in many ways, including the demographic structure. In this context, the aim of this study is to question whether CIVETS countries are similar in terms of macro indicators (especially macroeconomic indicators). CIVETS countries have a homogenous appearance considering the average age weight and population growth rate. In other words, CIVETS countries are thought to have a homogeneous outlook within the framework of their diverse dynamic structures. From this point of view, it can be said that the CIVETS group does not optimally benefit from their manpower, which is the potential source of economic growth.

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