OKULU TERK ETMİŞ ORTAÖĞRETİM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BENLİK ALGILARI VE REHBERLİK GEREKSİNİMLERİNİN KARŞILANMA DÜZEYLERİ*

Bu araştırmada, Erzurum’da ortaöğretim düzeyinde öğrenim görmekteyken çeşitli nedenlerle okulu terk edip eğitim-öğretim ortamından ayrılan bireylerin okulu terk etme nedenleri, okula devam ettikleri süre içinde okulun PDR servisinden yararlanıp yararlanmama durumları, terk ettikleri okul türleri, terk ettikleri sınıf düzeyleri, okula devam ettikleri süre içindeki devam-devamsızlık durumları, okula devam ettikleri süre içindeki disiplin durumları, yerleşim yerleri, ailelerinin gelir düzeyleri, cinsiyetlerine göre psikolojik, sosyal, uyumsal, ailesel, cinsel, toplam benlik puanları ve eğitsel, mesleki, kişisel-sosyal, toplam rehberlik ihtiyaçlarının karşılanma puanlarının farklılaşma gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2006-2009 yılları arasında Erzurum il merkezinde çeşitli nedenlerle ortaöğretim kurumlarından okulu terk ederek ayrılan bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise araştırma evrenine dahil olan ve mesleki eğitim merkezine, halk eğitim merkezinin açtığı çeşitli kurslara, açık öğretim lisesine devam eden veya düşük ücretlerle vasıfsız çalışan 200 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada, bireylerin benlik algıları Offer, Ostrov, Howard ve Dolan (1962) tarafından geliştirilen, Özbay, Şahin, Hıncal, Güngör, Kılıç, Mavili-Aktaş, Aybaş ve Göka (1991) tarafından uyarlama çalışmaları yapılan Offer Benlik İmajı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin rehberlik ihtiyaçlarının karşılanma düzeyleri, Erkan (1997) tarafından geliştirilen “Rehberlik İhtiyaçlarının Karşılanma Düzeyi Formu” ile belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS 17.00 istatistik paket programında t Testi, ve Kruskal Wallis analiz teknikleri ile Dunnett’s T3 alt analiz tekniği kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; okul terkinin erkek öğrencilerde, genel liselerde, 10. sınıf düzeyinde, devamsızlık ve disiplin sorunu olmayanlarda, il merkezinde ikamet eden bireylerde, düşük ve orta gelir düzeyinde olanlarda, derslerinde başarısız olanlarda, okul rehberlik servisinden yararlanmayanlarda daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca okulu terk etmiş kız ve erkek öğrencilerin eğitsel, mesleki, kişisel-sosyal ve toplam rehberlik ihtiyaçlarının karşılanma puanları arasında; okula devam ettikleri süre içindeki devam-devamsızlık durumlarına göre mesleki rehberlik ihtiyaçlarının karşılanma puanları arasında; ailelerinin gelir düzeylerine göre psikolojik, uyumsal, ailesel ve toplam benlik puanlarının sıra oratalamaları arasında; okulu terk etme nedenlerine göre uyumsal benlik puanlarının sıra otalaması arasında anlamlı farklılaşmalar olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

SELF IMAGE OF HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS HAVING DROPPED OUT OF SCHOOL AND SUPPLY LEVELS OF NEEDS FOR COUNSELLING

In this study, the reasons of having dropped out of the school of the individuals while they were attending to high school in Erzurum, whether they make use of the services of PDR while their attneding duration, the types of their schools, the levels the class they left, the situation of drop out in the duration of their attendence, the situation of their disciplines during attendence, their residences, revenue levels of their families according to their psychological, social, adaptional, familial, sexual and total self image points and whether their total educational, vocational, personal-social needs scores became different were examined. The target population of the study consisted of the individuals having dropped out of high school for different reasons in Erzurum city center between 2006 and 2009. Study sample consisted of 200 individuals who involved in study population and attended to center for vocational educaiton, public training center, open High School or unqualified employee with low wage. In the study, The Scale of Offer Sel İmages in which individuals’ sense of self was developed by Offer, Ostrov, Howard and Dolan (1962), and the adaptation studies of which was performed by Özbay, Şahin, Hıncal, Güngör, Kılıç, Mavili, Aktaş, Aybaş and Göka (1991) was used. The supply level of individuals’ counselling needs was determined by means of “Supply Level Form of Counseling Needs” developed by Erkan (1997). The data optained were by means of t Testi Cruskall Wallis Analysis Teqniques and Dunnett’s T3 subanalisis technique in SPSS 17.00 statistic packet programme. In the result of study, it was observed that dropping out of fhe school was more common among male students, public high schools, at the level of tenth class, in individual without having disciplines and the individuals with middle income-level and those residing in the city centre, people with absenteismproblems, being unsuccesful, those who seldom use the school counseling services. İn addition it was observed that there were significant differentations among supply educational, vocational, personal-social, and total counselling needs scores of female and male students having dropped out of school; among scores of supply vocational counseling needs with regard to absenteesizm during their attendance to school; among total self scores, psychological, adaptational, familial with regard to their parents’ income level; among adaptational self scores as regards to reasons for dropping out of school.

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