Covid-19 Sürecinde 65 Yaş ve Üzeri Bireylerin Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeyleri: Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Bir Değerlendirme
Koronavirüs pandemisi, dünyanın karşı karşıya olduğu en büyük sağlık tehditlerinden biridir. Koronavirüs, yayılım hızı sebebi ile benzeri görülmemiş sosyal mesafe önlemleri alınmasına sebep olmuştur. 65 yaş üzeri bireylerin riskli grup olarak belirlenmesi ile sokağa çıkma kısıtlaması getirilmiş, park, bahçe gibi açık alanlarda dolaşmaları sınırlandırılmıştır. Günlük yaşamdaki bu beklenmedik değişimlerin psikolojik etkilerinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte travmatik olaylara maruz kalan bazı kişilerin felaketten sonra psikolojik sağlık sorunları geliştirmesi kaçınılmaz olsa da, birçok kişi işlevselliğini koruyabilmekte ve hatta olumlu duygusal deneyimler yaşayabilmektedir. Sıkıntılı durumlara uyum sağlayabilme ve başa çıkabilme kapasitesi olarak tanımlanan psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyi, bireylerin ve toplumların zamanında ve etkin bir şekilde yeni duruma uyum sağlamaları üzerinde etkilidir. 65 yaş ve üzeri yetişkinler arasında psikolojik sağlamlığın temel özellikleri arasında zihinsel, sosyal ve fiziksel faktörler bulunduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs sürecinde verilen bireysel tepkilerdeki farklılıkları anlamlandırmak için, 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlığına etki eden süreçleri incelemektir. Çalışmanın etik onayı 14.05.2020 tarih ve T2020-439 karar numarası ile Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu'ndan alınmıştır. Sonuçlar, bireylerin düzenli gelire sahip olmasının psikolojik sağlamlığı pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını, kronik rahatsızlık ve uyku ve iştahtaki bozulmaların ise negatif yönde anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, erkeklerin psikolojik sağlamlığı kadınlara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Psikolojik sağlamlık ile ilişkili değişkenleri belirlemek ve bu sürece katkı sağlayan etkenleri anlamak koronavirüs sırasında ve sonrasında geliştirilecek destekleyici psikolojik müdahaleler için önemli görülmektedir.
Psychological Resilience Levels of Individuals Aged 65 and Over in the Covid-19 Process: An Evaluation in Terms of Various Variables
Coronavirus pandemic is one of the biggest health threats facing the world. Coronavirus caused unprecedented social distance prevention due to the speed of its spread. With the determination of individuals over the age of 65 as a risky group, curfew was restricted and they were restricted from walking in open spaces such as parks and gardens. These unexpected changes in daily life are thought to have psychological effects. However, although it is inevitable that some people who are exposed to traumatic events develop psychological health problems after the disaster, many people can maintain their functionality and even have positive emotional experiences. The level of psychological resilience, defined as the capacity to adapt and cope with troublesome situations, is effective for individuals and communities to adapt to the new situation on time and effectively. It is seen that mental, social and physical factors are among the basic features of psychological resilience among adults aged 65 and over. The aim of this study is to examine the processes that contribute to the psychological resiliency of individuals aged 65 and over in order to better understand the differences in individual responses in the Coronavirus process. The ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University with the date of 14.05.2020 and the decision number T2020-439. Results show that the regular income of the participants predicted the psychological resilience levels positively and the participants' chronic disease and deterioration in sleep and appetite predicted psychological resilience levels negatively. Also, the psychological resilience of men is higher than that of women. Understanding psychological resilience and content providing factors and entering the program for future psychological interventions in this process. Identifying the variables associated with psychological resilience and understanding the factors that contribute to this process are considered important for supportive psychological interventions to be developed during and after the coronavirus.
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