AKSARAY İLİ GÜZELYURT İLÇESİNDE TANRIÇA TANİT’İN İZLERİ

Araştırma konusu, Aksaray sınırları içerisinde yer alan, zengin tarihi dokusu ile dikkat çeken Güzelyurt mimari yapılarında sıklıkla görülen kadın figürü odaklıdır. Mimari yapılar; o dönemde yaşamış olan toplumun inançları, siyasi-ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel gelişimleri hakkında bizlere değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, farklı kültürlerin ülkemizde bıraktıkları izleri sebep ve sonuçları ile anlamak, tekrar yorumlamak, anlamlandırmak gerekir. Tarih boyunca birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış olan Güzelyurt'ta, mimari yapılarda görülen taş kabartmaların, var oluş sebepleri ve taşıdıkları anlamlar incelemeye değer bulunmuştur. Yörede "Gelveri gelini" olarak bilinen ve bazı evlerin giriş kapısı ve pencere üstlerinde gördüğümüz kadın figürünün, Kartaca'nın Tanrıçası "Tanit" ile olan benzerliği dikkat çekicidir. İlk bakıldığında sıradan bir süsleme gibi duran, insanoğlunun sadece yaşam alanını süsleme ihtiyacından doğmuş olacağı düşüncesini barındıran bu figürün, Güzelyurt'ta geliş hikâyesi, anlamı ve bir yaşamışlığı vardır. Araştırmamıza kaynaklık eden kadın figürünün, Tanrıça Tanit figürü ile benzerlik göstermesi ve bu figürün buraya nasıl geldiği, hangi sebeple mimari süslemelerde kullanıldığı, o dönemde yaşamış olan halk için ne anlam ifade ettiği gibi soruların cevaplandırılması üzerine incelemelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu araştırma; farklı kültürlerin birbirleriyle olan etkileşimini, inanışlarını, bıraktıkları izleri anlamlandırmak, açıklamak, yorumlamak ve gelecek kuşakları bilgilendirmek açısından önem arz etmektedir

TRACES OF THE GODDESS TANIT IN AKSARAY PROVINCE OF GÜZELYURT DISTRICT

The research theme is focused on the female figure which is frequently seen in Güzelyurt architectural structures, which is located within the borders of Aksaray and attracts attention with its rich historical texture. Architectural structures; it gives us valuable information about the beliefs, political-economic and socio-cultural developments of the society that lived at that time. For this reason, it is necessary to understand, reinterpret, and understand the causes and consequences of the traces of different cultures left in our country. In Guzelyurt, which has hosted many civilizations throughout history, the stone reliefs seen in architectural structures, the reasons of existence and the meanings they bear have been worth investigating. The similarity with Carthaginian Goddess “Tanit”, which is known as “Gelveri bride” in the region and seen on the entrance door and window tops of some houses, is remarkable. At first glance this figures, which seems to be an ordinary ornamentation, is thought to have arisen from the necessity of decorating only the habitat of mankind. There is a story of arrival, meaning and a longevity in Guzelyurt. An examination has been made on the question of how the female figure, which is the source of my research, resembles the figure of the Goddess Tanit and how this figurine came here, why it was used in architectural ornamentation, and what it means to the people who lived at that time. This research; it is important in terms of understanding, explaining, interpreting and informing future generations about the interactions of different cultures with each other, beliefs, traces they leave behind. thoughts and beliefs using objects such as wood, stone, especially wall paintings, and equipped their living spaces with these idols. Although these idols have undergone some changes with the change of time and space starting from the time they belonged, the emotions, thoughts and beliefs transmitted have always been common. Research have been made on the question of how the female figure, which is the origin of the research, resembles the figure of the Goddess Tanit and how this figurine came here, why it was used in architectural ornamentation, what it means to the people who lived at that time. The Goddess grows in different beliefs and rituals. In addition, this cult has passed from one civilization to another civilization under the influence of geographical and cultural conditions. It can be said that the cult of the goddess has a universal meaning that comes out with different names and forms. In addition to being a symbol of abundance and fertility, the goddess has undertaken many roles in war, love, marriage, family, heaven, as well as being a protector of society and order. In this context, the ornaments seen in the historical buildings in the city which have been hosted by different civilizations are not only made in terms of aesthetics and appreciation, each of the ornaments used is a part of their culture and beliefs, their values are expressed, their positions in their lives and their. As a result; historical buildings, are remnants that provide us with important evidence about the past of society at that time. For this reason, it is necessary to understand, reinterpret, and understand the causes and consequences of the traces of different cultures left in our country. Moreover, the preservation of both the architectural and socio-cultural values and the common cultural heritage of the whole humanity is a cultural trust that must be conveyed to future generations. It is expected that this work will benefit both the Aksaray region and the arts, and that this study will provide us with in-depth information on the historical, architectural structures, culture and beliefs of the Aksaray Province of Guzelyurt District.

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