‫الجمهورية‬ ‫إعالن‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫تركيا‬ ‫في‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫مدرسة‬ ‫مالمح‬

‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫بســــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــم‬ ‫الملخص‪:‬‬ ‫الحاضرة‪،‬‬ ‫وخبراتها‬ ‫الماضية‪،‬‬ ‫تجاربها‬ ‫لها‬ ‫التركية‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫مدرسة‬ ‫إن‬ ‫كيانها‪.‬‬ ‫يحدد‬ ‫مما‬ ‫وميزاتها‬ ‫خصائصها‬ ‫فلها‬ ‫المستقبلية‪.‬‬ ‫وطموحاتها‬ ‫جديرا‬ ‫علميا‬ ‫كيانا‬ ‫األخير‬ ‫القرن‬ ‫في‬ ‫اكتسبت‬ ‫التركية‬ ‫التفسيرية‬ ‫المدرسة‬ ‫إن‬ ‫اللغة‪،‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫اإلعراب‪،‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫البالغة‪،‬‬ ‫من‬ ‫القديم‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫أساليب‬ ‫من‬ ‫خطوط‬ ‫ففيها‬ ‫باالعتبار‪.‬‬ ‫الفقهية‪،‬‬ ‫األحكام‬ ‫ومناقشة‬ ‫الكالمية‪،‬‬ ‫المسائل‬ ‫في‬ ‫والخوض‬ ‫باألشعار‪،‬‬ ‫واالستشهاد‬ ‫وبجره‪.‬‬ ‫بعجره‬ ‫األصلية‬ ‫المصادر‬ ‫عن‬ ‫منها‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫يقل‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بحيث‬ ‫المأثور‪،‬‬ ‫والتفسير‬ ‫االجتماعية‪،‬‬ ‫والمسائل‬ ‫العلمي‪،‬‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫على‬ ‫يحتوي‬ ‫التركي‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫إن‬ ‫والتفسير‬ ‫الشعبي‪،‬‬ ‫واالتجاه‬ ‫الحداثي‪،‬‬ ‫واالتجاه‬ ‫صوفي‪،‬‬ ‫ال‬ ‫واالتجاه‬ ‫السلفي‪،‬‬ ‫واالتجاه‬ ‫شرح‬ ‫يتجاوز‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مستواه‬ ‫في‬ ‫ضعيف‬ ‫منها‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫أن‬ ‫جانب‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الموضوعي‪.‬‬ ‫غيره‪.‬‬ ‫وال‬ ‫البالغي‬ ‫الجانب‬ ‫يمس‬ ‫وال‬ ‫فقط‪،‬‬ ‫بتبسط‬ ‫القرآنية‬ ‫العبارات‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ت‬ ‫محاول‬ ‫هو‬ ‫الحديث‬ ‫عهده‬ ‫في‬ ‫التركي‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫في‬ ‫شيء‬ ‫أبرز‬ ‫أن‬ ‫منا‬ ‫ظنا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫بي‬ ‫هداياته‬ ‫لغياب‬ ‫سماحة‬ ‫غير‬ ‫من‬ ‫األتراك‬ ‫القراء‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫القرآنية‬ ‫الهدايات‬ ‫يوصل‬ ‫أنه‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫إضافة‬ ‫طائل‪.‬‬ ‫بال‬ ‫المصادر‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫في‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ط‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ى‬ ‫الت‬ ‫اللسانية‬ ‫الخالفات‬ ‫غوغاء‬ ‫منها‬ ‫وتجعل‬ ‫األخرى‬ ‫التفاسير‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تميزها‬ ‫مالمح‬ ‫التركي‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫على‬ ‫يظهر‬ ‫في‬ ‫الخوض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫ها‬ ‫كتجنب‬ ،‫األخرى‬ ‫باللغات‬ ‫المولفة‬ ‫التفاسير‬ ‫عن‬ ‫متميزة‬ ‫شخصية‬ ،‫السورة‬ ‫مقاصد‬ ‫على‬ ‫وكالتنصيص‬ ،‫أوال‬ ‫اآليات‬ ‫ترجمة‬ ‫تقديم‬ ‫ك‬ ‫و‬ ، ‫العربية‬ ‫الخالفات‬ ‫المعاني‬ ‫بتقرير‬ ‫هتمام‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬ ‫و‬ ، ‫النزول‬ ‫أسباب‬ ‫وخصيصا‬ ‫روايات‬ ‫بال‬ ‫وكاالهتمام‬ ‫السورة‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫وكتقديم‬ ،‫التاريخية‬ ‫الوقائع‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫في‬ ‫وكاالستطراد‬ ،‫اإلجمالية‬ ‫ية‬ ‫البالغ‬ ‫النكات‬ ‫بشرح‬ ‫يهتم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫منه‬ ‫البعض‬ ‫و‬ .‫بة‬ ‫الغري‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫وشرح‬ ‫النزول‬ ‫بأسباب‬ ‫لكثير‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أن‬ ‫نرى‬ ‫بينما‬ ، ‫وتطورها‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫كاشتقاق‬ ‫اللغوية‬ ‫المسائل‬ ‫وبعض‬ ‫قرآن‬ ‫لل‬ ‫جمالها‬ ‫جوانب‬ ‫واكتشاف‬ ‫البالغية‬ ‫أسرارها‬ ‫القتناص‬ ‫اآليات‬ ‫أعماق‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫ينزل‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ها‬ ‫من‬ . ‫سطحيا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫منه‬ ‫الكثير‬ ‫يبقى‬ ‫لذا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫لكن‬ ‫كردي‬ ‫وال‬ ، ‫والعربي‬ ، ‫التركي‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫على‬ ‫اشتماله‬ ‫مع‬ ‫التركي‬ ‫والتفسير‬ .‫التركي‬ ‫ه‬ ‫من‬ ‫الغالب‬ .‫التركية‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫التفاسير‬ ‫أمهات‬ ‫ترجمة‬ ‫نحو‬ ‫سعيا‬ ‫التركية‬ ‫األوساط‬ ‫في‬ ‫أن‬ ‫كما‬ ‫الموضوعي‬ ‫والتفسير‬ ‫القرآن‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫في‬ ‫ألف‬ ‫ما‬ ‫وكثرة‬ ‫القرآنية‬ ‫التراجم‬ ‫كثرة‬ ‫أما‬ .‫حرج‬ ‫وال‬ ‫عنها‬ ‫فحدث‬ :‫األساسية‬ \ ‫المفتاحية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ .‫القرآن‬ ، ‫الكلمة‬ ، ‫الحديث‬ ،‫القديم‬ ،‫التركية‬ ‫التفسير‬ ‫مدرسة‬ ، ‫الترجمة‬ ،‫التفسير‬

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TURKISH TAFSİR SCHOOL IN LAST PERIOD

The Turkish school of interpretation from the period of the Ottoman Empire is an ancient school with past experiences, present experiences and future aspirations. It has its characteristics and features, and has its features and characteristics, which determines its entity, and distinguish its structure. The Turkish interpretive school has gained in the last two centuries, especially with the proliferation of scientific means and the universities are a strong scientific entity worthy of consideration. There are clear lines of the old methods of interpretation of rhetoric, statement, expression, language, quoting ancient poems, discussing some of the rhetorical issues, discussing jurisprudential rulings, the traditional interpretation, and transportation from his masters, Ibn Abbas and his disciples. In addition to this adherence to the old, we see the Turkish interpretation is uninterrupted from the age in which he lived. It is included in the Turkish interpretation; the scientific interpretation, where he addressed the social issues that are most concerned with the contemporaries, and the scientific interpretation sought by the intellectuals, and the lines of broad Salafi trend, the mystical direction, in which there is a strong mass of the modernist trend, in which a popular trend, and in it a very corner of objective interpretation. The Turkish interpretation is written in Turkish, but it is written in Arabic and other languages. And from which it was numbered within the volume, and from two volumes to more than twenty volumes. Also in the Turkish community there is an effort to translate the the main interpretations into Turkish. As for the great number of Quranic translations and the great number of thousand in the sciences of the Qur’an and the objective interpretation, there is nothing wrong with them.

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