Evangelia MANOUSOU Tutor-Counselor Hellenic Open University

Design And Development Of A Polymorphic Pedagogical 
Material For Supplementary Distance Learning In Primary 
Education In The Field Of Environmental Education In Greece

This article deals with a documented research in order to create a pedagogical framework for the application of a supplementary distance learning program in the field of environmental education for pupils of primary education, in remote and multi-grade schools of Greece. This prospect has been considered as an interesting idea with multilateral, socio cultural and democratic dimensions, as it could enrich the school and learning environment of children of the outermost regions. In this paper, there are described the planning criteria and the development of a polymorphic pedagogical material for distance learning, under the title: 'Captain SOS, His Bunch and the Moving Island', the needs according to the characteristics of the target group, the choice of learning theories and the determination of the teaching techniques, the specific teaching techniques and the teaching methodology, the structure of the learning material, the characteristics and the structure of the educational software, the categorization of activities, the supplementary learning material. Moreover, there are described the pilot application and the ways of the evaluation.

___

  • Anderson, T. & Dron, J. (2011). Three Generations of Distance Education Pedagogy.
  • International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning – IRRODL Vol. 12 No 3, pp. 80-97 March. http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/890/1826 (14/3/2013)
  • Anastasiades, P. (2003). Distance Learning in Elementary Schools in Cyprus: The evaluation Methodology and Results. Computers & Education, 40 (1), 17-40 Εlsevier Science.
  • Anastasiades, P. (2005a). New Technologies and Distance learning in the department of
  • Lifelong Learning: Towards a new "social contract" to eliminate the effects of Digital dualism. In Lionarakis A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Open and Distance learning Pedagogy and Technology, Hellenic Open University, the Greek Network of Open & Distance learning, Patras, 11-13 November, 2005.
  • Anastasiades, P. (2005a). The Primary School in the Information Society, ODYSSEAS 2000-2004, Planning and Development Collaborative Activities via Video Conference
  • Distance between primary schools in Cyprus and Greece, Rethymno: Probobos Barr, I. M. (1988). The Storyline Approach to Topic Work in Primary Schools - A structured analysis. Enschede, Holland: National Institute for Curriculum Development.
  • Chatziplis P. Vasala P. & Lionarakis A. (2007). Distance learning in Secondary Education.
  • Open Education – The Journal for Open and Distance learning and Educational Technology, N (6), pp. 14-36
  • Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and Education. New York: Mackillan.
  • Dick, W. & Cary, L. (1990), The Systematic Design of Instruction, Third Edition, Harper Collins.
  • England E., Finney A. (2002). Managing Multimedia. Project Management for Web and Convergent Media. Addison Wesley.
  • Flogaiti, E. (2003). The teaching materials on environmental education, In (ed) B.,
  • Psallidas Proceedings of the National Symposium on the design and production of teaching materials for Environmental Education, Hellenic Society for the Protection of the Environment and and the Cultural Heritage, Publications Livani Flogaiti, E. (2006). Education for the Environment and Sustainability, Ellinika Grammata
  • Gagne, R. (1985). The Conditions of Learning (4th ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart &
  • Winston. Retrieved, April 24, 2004 http://tip.psychology.org/gagne.html (24/5/2004)
  • Giannikopoulou, A. (2006). First person narrative in the illustrated children's book. The I of the text and the image I encounter the ego of the reader, Ed. The Circle of Greek Children's Book.
  • Giosos, I., Koutsouba, M. (2005).Theoretical approaches to designing and developing learning material to distance learning In Lionarakis, A. (Ed.) Open and Distance learning.
  • Educational Technology and Applications. (pp. 42-61) Patras: Hellenic Open University Greene, S. (1997). The evolution of the Child, Old Issues, New Directions. In the collective volume of Child Development in the social environment, understanding of social evolution. Patra: Hellenic Open University.
  • Holmberg, B. (2002). Theory and practice of distance learning. (R. Pagida, transl) Publication Hellin.
  • Jarvis, D. H. (2004). Of mystery and mastery: Teaching the golden ratio and rectangle as design blueprint. Journal of the Ontario Society for Education through Art, 29 (1), 22-27.
  • Kapsalis, A. & Charalabous, D. (1995). Teaching textbooks. Athens: Ekfrasis
  • Keegan D, (2000). Foundations of Distance Education,(Alex. Melista, transl.)Athens Metaichmio.
  • Keegan D., (2001). The European distance university education at the dawn of the 3rd millennium In A. Lionarakis (ed). Views and Reflections on Open and Distance learning. Athens: Propobos.
  • Kokkos, A. (2001). The role of instructor in distance learning, the Case of the Hellenic
  • Open University. In A. Lionarakis (ed) 1st National Conference in Open and Distance Learning, Patra. Retrieved, May, 12, 2006 http://www.eap.gr/news/EXAGGELIA_SYNEDRIOU/synedrio/html/1-page.htm
  • Kolliades, E. (1997). Learning Theories and Educational Action.Vol. C, Athens
  • Komis, V. (2005). Educational Activities with (and) Computers in Preschool and primary school [University Supply] University of Patras, School of Humanities and Social Sciences
  • Department of Childhood, Patras Kosmidis, P. & Schiza, K. (2001).Environmental Education Programs in G. Bagakis (ed.)
  • Educational experiences and thoughts on voluntary education programs. Athens: Metaixmio. Kouloubaritsi, Α. (2003). Understanding the curriculum in textbooks and in the classroom: Systemic correlation and Laurillard D. (2002) Rethinking University Teaching 2nd Edition, A conversational framework for the effective use of learning technologies, 2nd edition, London: RoutledgeFalmer
  • Lionarakis A. (2001) Qualitative approaches in designing and producing distance learning materials minivan, In V., Makrakis (eds) Proceedings of the National Conference with
  • International Participation on New Technologies in Education and Distance Learning, Athens: Atrapos Lionarakis A. (Ed) (2003), Let’s teach them learn how to learn. Volume A + B, Patra:
  • Scientific Society "Greek Network of Open & Distance learning" Lionarakis, A. (2006). The theory of distance learning and the complexity of the polymorphic dimension. In A. Lionarakis (Ed.) Open and Distance learning Information
  • Theory and Practice (pp 7-41). Athens: Propobos Makrakis, B. (2000) Hypermedia in Education: A social-constructivist approach. Ed. Athens: Metaixmio
  • Manousou, E. (2002) Applications of distance learning in primary schools. Thesis,
  • Department of Education of the University of Athens Manousou, E. (2004) Applications of Distance Learning in Primary Education, in P.,
  • Anastasiadis (ed)., Lifelong and Distance Learning in the Information Society, Proceedings of the 1st National Conference with International Participation, Rethymnon Matralis, X. (1998) The printed material in distance learning. In: A. Kokkos, A. Lionarakis,
  • Environmental Education, Hellenic Society for the Protection of the Environment and Cultural Heritage. Athens: Livani Matsaggouras, H.,(2000).Teamwork Teaching and Learning. Athens: Grigoris
  • Matsaggouras, H.,(2001). Teaching strategies, critical thinking in the classroom.Αthens: Gutenberg
  • Matsaggouras, H.,(2002).The Interdisciplinary school knowledge central conceptual
  • Reframe and projects. Athens: Grigoris Michailides, P. Kimionis,G. (2000) Involving students in Optional Programs for
  • Environmental Education, in B. Papadimitriou (ed.) Proceedings of Environmental Education in the Context of Education in the 21st century, prospects and opportunities, Larissa. Mikropoulos, T. A. (2006). The computer as cognitive tool. Athens: Ellinika Grammata.
  • Moore, G., M., (2003) Handbook of distance learning, Retrieved Sep, 5, 2007: http://www.eden-online.org/contents/conferences/research/barcelona/Michael_Moore.ppt#267
  • Newson, J., & Newson, J. (1976). The development of environmental competence in boys and girls. In P. Burnett (Ed.), Women in society (pp. 157–175). Chicago: Maarouga Press
  • North American Association for Environmental Education, (1996) Environmental
  • Education Materials: Guidelines for Excellence Workbook Bridging Theory & Practice. http://naaee.org/npeee/workbook.pdf Olcott, D. (2013). Access under siege: Are the gains of open education keeping pace with the growing barriers to university access? Open Praxis, Vol. 5 No 1, January
  • March, pp. 15-20. http://www.openpraxis.org/index.php/OpenPraxis/article/view/14/pdf Panagiotakopoulos C., Pierrakeas, C., Pintelas, P. (2003) The educational software and its assessment. Athens:Metaixmio
  • Pantano-Rokou F.M. (2001) Pedagogical models for distance learning using new technologies, In A. Lionarakis (ed). Views and Reflections on Open and Distance learning. Athens: Propobos
  • Paraskevopoulos, J. (1982). Evolutionary psychology, mental life from conception to adulthood, n.3, Athens
  • Peters, O., (1998). Learning and teaching in distance learning, Pedagogical analyses and interpretation in an international Perspective, Kogan Page
  • Piaget J. (1979). The foundations of primitive thoughtAthens Publications
  • Piaget, J. (1977). The origin of intelligence in the child. Middlesex: Penguin Books Ltd.
  • Posner; J. G., Strike Α. K., (1976). A Categorization Scheme for Principles of Sequencing
  • Content, Review of Learning Research, Vol. 46, No. 4. pp. 665-690. In Marton, F., Booth S.(1997) Learning and Awareness, Marwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
  • Race. P. (2001). 500 Πρακτικές Συμβουλές για την Ανοικτή και Ευέλικτη Εκπαίδευση. Αθήνα: Μεταίχμιο
  • Ramsden, P.(1998). Improving Learning: New Perspectives, London: Kogan Page
  • Raptis,A. & Rapti, A. (2003). The broader social developments and educational role of new technologies. The minutes of the 2nd National Conference of the Hellenic Institute for Applied Education and Training on: Knowledge, values and skills in modern education.
  • Raptis,A. & Rapti, A. (2007).Learning and Teaching in the Information Age - Total
  • Approach, Volume I. New Edition, Publisher: Aristotle Raptis. Reigeluth, C. M. (1997). Instructional Theory, Practitioner Needs and New Directions:
  • Some Reflections. Learning Technology. Jan/Feb. Rowntree, D. (1994). Preparing Materials for Open, Distance and Flexible Learning. London: Kogan Page.
  • Scardamalia, M. & Bereiter, C. (1994) Computer support for knowledge-building
  • Soo, K. & Bonk, C. (1998). Interaction: What does it mean in online distance learning?
  • Vol. 2 Στο T. Ottrnann & I. Tornek (Eπιμ.), Proceedings o ED-MEDIA/ED-TELECOM 98 AACE Freiburg, Germany http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/17/7a/52. pdf
  • Tait, A. (2003). Reflections on Student Support in Open and Distance Learning.
  • International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning IRRODL Vol. 4, No 3, pp. 80-97 April. http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/134/604 Thurmond, V., & Wambach, K. (2004). “Understanding Ineraction in Distance learning, A review of the literature,” International Journal of instructional Technology & Distance
  • Learning, Available: http://www.itdl.org/journal/Jan_04/article02.htm (7/8/2007).
  • Vasala, P. (2003) Communication between students of graduate theme "Open and Distance learning at the Hellenic Open University" In: A. Lionarakis (Ed.), 2nd National
  • Conference on Open and Distance learning. Procceidings (pp. 296-306). Patras. Vasala, P. (2005) Distance learning in Schools: A Lionarakis (Ed.). Open and Distance learning. Learning Technology and Applications. Patras Hellenic Open University.
  • Vosniadou, S. (2001) How students learn, International Academy of Education. http://users.sch.gr/kontaxis/paidagogika/pos_mathainoun.htm
  • Vrettos, J., (1999). Picture textbook, Athens
  • Walberg J. H. & Paik J. S., (2001).Effective learning practices, Unesco, International
  • Bureau of Education, Learning practices series-3, Retrieved, August, 20, 2007: http://www.ibe.unesco.org/publications/LearningPracticesSeriesPdf/prac03e.pdf
  • Winn, W. (1997). Advantages of a Theory-based Curriculum in Instructional Technology.
  • Learning Technology, (37)1, 34-41. Zigouri, E. (2005). Evaluation of environmental education programs, Theory and Practice,
  • Athens: Typothito, Athens.