Gülcan DEMİREL, Ahmet Yavuz PEKEL, Bülent EKİZ, Hakan BİRİCİK, Neşe KOCABAĞLI, Müjdat ALP

The effects of barley/triticale silage on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs

This study was conducted to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs fed barley/triticale silage treated with/without inoculant and enzyme mixture-based diets with similar barley supplementation. Thirty Tahirova × Sakız crossbred weaned ram lambs (mean body weight: 34 ± 0.5 kg) were used in this study. Lambs were randomly divided into groups of 3 and fed the respective diets. These 3 diets were: 1) hay grass + barley, 2) triticale/barley silage + barley, and 3) triticale/barley silage with inoculants and enzyme mixture + barley. There were significant differences among groups in daily live weight gain (P < 0.001). Cold carcass weight and dressing percentage based on empty body weight and carcass conformation scores were not significantly different among groups, but fatness scores and proportion of omental and mesenteric fat were significantly affected by diet (P < 0.05). No differences were found in terms of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values for M. longissimus thoracis muscle. However, silage-fed lambs in both groups had higher shear force values than hay-fed lambs in the current study (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that barley/triticale silages offered with concentrate had no unfavorable effect on lamb performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality.

Keywords:

triticale, barley, silage, meat quality, Lamb,

PDF

___

Khan SH, Shahzad MA, Nisa M, Sarwar M. Nutrients intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and growth performance of sheep fed different silages with or without concentrate. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 43: 795–801.
Bolsen, KK, Berger LL, Conway KL, Riley G. Wheat, barley and corn silages for growing steers and lambs. J Anim Sci 1976; 42: 185–191.
Filya I, Ashbell G, Hen Y, Wienberg ZG. The effect of bacterial inoculants on the fermentation and aerobic stability of whole-crop wheat silage. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2000; 88: 39–
Jones R, Woolford MK. Technology of forage preservation. In: Proceedings of the 11th Interntional Silage Conference, Aberystwyth, Wales, UK; 1996; pp. 232–233.
Rooke JA, Kafilzadeh F. The effect upon fermentation and nutritive-value of silages produced after treatment by 3 different inoculants of lactic-acid bacteria applied alone or in combination. Grass Forage Sci 1994; 49: 324–333.
Barker SB, Summerson WH. The colorimetric method for determination of lactic acid in biological material J Biol Chem 1941; 138: 535–554.
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 1991; 74: 3583– 35
Goering HK, VanSoest PJ. Forage Fiber Analysis. USDAARS Agriculture Handbook No. 379. Washington, DC, USA: Government Printing Office; 1970.
Ruiz de Huidobro F, Miguel E, Díaz MT, Velasco S, Lauzurica S, Pérez C, Onega E, Blazquez B, Caneque V. Carcass classification in suckling lambs. II. Comparison among subjective carcass classification methods: Fatness scales and conformation scales with 0.25 point-intervals. Meat Sci 2004; 66: 135–142.
Fisher AV, de Boer H. The EAAP standard method of sheep carcass assessment. Carcass measurements and dissection procedures. Livest Prod Sci 1994; 38: 149–159.
Honikel KO. Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Sci 1998; 49: 447–457.
Hoffman LC, Muller M, Cloete SWP, Schmidt D. Comparison of six crossbred lamb types: Sensory, physical and nutritional meat quality characteristics. Meat Sci 2003; 65: 1265–1274.
Ekiz B, Ekiz EE, Kocak O, Yalcintan H, Yilmaz A. Effect of preslaughter management regarding transportation and time in lairage on certain stress parameters, carcass and meat quality characteristics in Kivircik lambs. Meat Sci 2012; 90: 967–976.
SPSS, Inc. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Release 0. Chicago, IL, USA: SPSS; 1999.
Kung L, Ranjit NK. The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and other additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of barley silage. J Dairy Sci 2001; 84: 1149–1185.
Addah W, Baah J, Groenewegen P, Okine E, McAllister T. Comparison of the fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and nutritive value of barley and corn silages ensiled with or without a mixed bacterial inoculant. Can J Anim Sci 2011; 91: 133–146.
Keles G, Demirci U. The effect of homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria on conservation characteristics of baled triticale–Hungarian vetch silage and lamb performance. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011; 164: 21–28.
Dawson LER. The effect of inclusion of lupins/triticale whole crop silage in the diet of winter finishing beef cattle on their performance and meat quality at two levels of concentrates. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012; 171: 75–84.
Huhtanen P, Rinne M, Nousiainen J. Evaluation of the factors affecting silage intake of dairy cows; a revision of the relative silage dry matter intake index. Animal 2007 1: 758–770.
Scerra V, Caparra P, Foti F, Lanza M, Priolo A. Citrus pulp and wheat straw silage as an ingredient in lamb diets: effects on growth and carcass and meat quality. Small Rum Res 2001; 40: 51–56.
Petit HV, Castonguay F. Growth and carcass quality of prolific crossbred lambs fed silage with fish meal or different amounts of concentrate. J Anim Sci 1994; 72: 1849–1856.
Keady TWJ, Lively FO, Kilpatrick DJ, Moss BW. Effects of replacing grass silage with either maize or whole-crop wheat silages on the performance and meat quality of beef cattle offered two levels of concentrates. Animal 2007; 1: 613–623.
Webb EC, Casey NH, Simela L. Goat meat quality. Small Rum Res 2005; 60: 153–166.
Muir PD, Smith NB, Wallace GJ, Cruickshnk GJ, Smith DR. The effect of short term grain feeding on live weight gain and beef quality. New Zeal J Agr Res 1998; 41: 517–526.
Santos VAC, Silva SR, Azevedo JMT. Carcass composition and meat quality of equally mature kids and lambs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86: 1943–1950.
Solomon MB, Kemp JD, Moody WG, Ely DG, Fox JD. Effect of breed and slaughter weight on physical, chemical and organoleptic properties of lamb carcasses. J Anim Sci 1980; 51: 1102–1107.
May SG, Dolezal HG, Gill DR, Ray FK, Buchanan DS. Effects of days fed, carcass grade traits and subcutaneous fat removal on postmortem muscle characteristics and beef palatability. J Anim Sci 1992; 70: 444–453.
French P, O’Riordan EG, Monahan FJ, Caffrey PJ, Vidal M, Mooney MT, Troy DJ, Moloney, AP. Meat quality of steers finished on autumn grass, grass silage or concentrate based diets. Meat Sci 2000; 56: 173–180.
Priolo A, Micol D, Agabriel J. Effects of grass feeding systems on ruminant meat colour and flavor. A review. Anim Res 2001; 50: 185–200.
Huuskonen A, Jansson S, Honkavaara M, Tuomisto L, Kauppinen R. Performance, meat fatty acid profile and meat colour of dairy bulls finished on grazed pasture or grass silagebased diets with similar concentrate allowances Acta Agr Scand A-An 2010; 60: 104–111.