Siyah-Alaca ve Montbeliarde ırkı sığırların döl verimi, süt verimi, süt içeriği ve somatik hücre sayısı üzerine bir araştırma

Bu çalışmada Siyah-Alaca (SA) ve Montbeliarde (M) ırkı sığırların döl verimi, süt verimi, süt içeriği ve somatik hücre sayısının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. M ırkı için ilkine buzağılama yaşı (İBY), buzağılama aralığı (BA), süt verim özellikleri ve süt içeriğine yönelik olarak sırasıyla 87, 264, 270 ve 108 adet SA ırkı için ise sırasıyla 167, 450, 491 ve 114 adet veri kullanılmıştır. İşletme etkisi İBY, BA, 305-gün süt verimi (305-gSV) ve süt protein oranı (SPO) için önemli (P < 0,05) ırk etkisi ise İBY, 305-gSV, süt yağı oranı (SYO) ve somatik hücre sayısı (SHS) için istatistik olarak önemlidir (P < 0,05). İBY, BA 305-gSV, SYO, SPO ve SHS ortalamaları M ırkı için sırasıyla 952,2 ± 14,67 gün, 391,6 ± 5,75 gün, 5956,5 ± 84,73 kg, % 3,55 ± 0,07, % 2,93 ± 0,04 ve 138.644 hücre/mL, SA ırkı için sırasıyla 909,1 ± 13,66 gün, 399,6 ± 5,93 gün, 6655,3 ± 109,57 kg, % 3,26 ± 0,10, % 2,85 ± 0,06 ve 199.022 hücre/mL bulunmuştur. M ırkı ineklerin süt verimleri SA ırkından daha düşük olmasına karşın, süt içeriği ve somatik hücre sayıları SA ırkından daha yüksektir. Akdeniz iklim koşullarında, yaz mevsiminde görülen yüksek hava sıcaklığı ve nemi sığırların döl verimi ve süt içeriğinde önemli azalışlara neden olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Buzağılama aralığı, 305-gün süt verimi, süt yağı oranı, süt proteini oranı, somatik hücre sayısı

A study of the reproductive performance, milk yield, milk constituents, and somatic cell count of Holstein-Friesian and Montbeliarde cows

The aim of this study was to compare the reproductive performance, milk yield, milk constituents, and somatic cell count of Montbeliarde (M) and Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows. The number of data points used for the first calving age (FCA), calving interval (CI), milk traits, and milk constituents were 87, 264, 270 and 108 for M cows and 167, 450, 491, and 114 for HF cows. The effects of herd on FCA, CI, 305-day milk yield (305-dMY), and protein content (PC) were determined to be statistically significant (P < 0.05), as were the effects of breed on FCA, 305-dMY, fat content (FC), and somatic cell count (SCC). For M cows, the average FCA, CI, 305-dMY, FC, PC, and SCC were found to be 952.2 ± 14.67 days, 391.6 ± 5.75 days, 5956.5 ± 84.73 kg, 3.55 ± 0.07%, 2.93 ± 0.04%, and 138,644 cells/mL, respectively. When determined for HF cows, the average values of the same characteristics were shown to be 909.1 ± 13.66 days, 399.6 ± 5.93 days, 6655.3 ± 109.57 kg, 3.26 ± 0.10%, 2.85 ± 0.06%, and 199,022 cells/mL, respectively. M cows had lower 305-dMY values but higher milk constituents and SCCs than the HF breed. The high temperatures and humidity observed in the summer season caused a significant decrease in the reproduction and milk constituents of cows subject to Mediterranean climatic conditions.

Keywords:

305-day milk yield, fat content, protein content, somatic cell count, Calving interval,

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