Investigation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Leishmania infantum Antibodies among Sivas Kangal Dogs
The present study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and leishmaniosis among Kangal dogs on breeding farms in Sivas, Turkey. Serum samples from 50 Kangal dogs without clinical symptoms of disease were tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies with the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT) and for anti-Leishmania antibodies with the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Forty-six out of the 50 dogs were seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii, with titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:1024. Only 1 of the 50 dogs was seropositive for leishmaniosis (titer: 1:128) and 5 had anti-Leishmania antibodies with a titer of 1:64, which was considered uncertain. There were no statistically significant differences in the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and leishmaniosis based the gender and age of the dogs (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the study revealed that Toxoplasma gondii is widely distributed in Kangal dogs. Although the seroprevalence of canine leishmaniosis among Kangal dogs was low and no clinical signs were observed, asymptomatic animals can be significant reservoirs for the spread of the disease.
Investigation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Leishmania infantum Antibodies among Sivas Kangal Dogs
The present study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and leishmaniosis among Kangal dogs on breeding farms in Sivas, Turkey. Serum samples from 50 Kangal dogs without clinical symptoms of disease were tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies with the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT) and for anti-Leishmania antibodies with the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Forty-six out of the 50 dogs were seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii, with titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:1024. Only 1 of the 50 dogs was seropositive for leishmaniosis (titer: 1:128) and 5 had anti-Leishmania antibodies with a titer of 1:64, which was considered uncertain. There were no statistically significant differences in the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and leishmaniosis based the gender and age of the dogs (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the study revealed that Toxoplasma gondii is widely distributed in Kangal dogs. Although the seroprevalence of canine leishmaniosis among Kangal dogs was low and no clinical signs were observed, asymptomatic animals can be significant reservoirs for the spread of the disease.
___
- İnci, A., Babür, C., Çam, Y., İça, A.: The seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle ve Manceaux, 1908) in dogs around Kayseri. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2002; 26: 221-223. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Eren, H., Sarı, C., Turgay, N., Ertuğ, S.: Screening of anti- Toxoplasma IgG antibodies using IFA in healthy pet dogs in Aydın. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2002; 26: 352-354. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Örgev, C., Kılıç, S., Taylan, A.Ö., Babür, C.: Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in stray dogs detected by the Sabin Feldman Dye Test. Pendik Vet. Mikrobiyol. Derg., 2001; 32: 21-25. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Aktaş, M., Babür, C., Karaer, Z., Dumanlı, N., Köroğlu, E.: Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis on stray dogs in Elazığ. Vet. Bil. Derg., 1998; 14 : 47-50. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Babür, C., Bıyıkoğlu, G., Pişkin, F.C., Erdal, N.: Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis on stray dogs in İstanbul. T. Parazitol. Derg., 1997; 21: 413-416. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Çakmak, A., Karaer, Z., Bıyıkoğlu, G., Babür, C., Pişkin, F.C.: Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis on stray dogs in Ankara. F.Ü. Sağ. Bil. Derg., 1996; 10: 279-282. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Sevinç, F., Dik, B., Babür, C., Kamburgil, K., Uslu, U.: Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in stray dogs detected by the Sabin Feldman dye test, indirect fluorescent antibody test and modified agglutination test in Konya. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2000; 24: 61-64. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Willis, M.S., Southern, P., Latimer, M.J.: Toxoplasma infection: Making the best use of laboratory tests. Infect. Med., 2002; 19: 522-532.
- Özçelik, S., Güneş, T., Saygı, G.: Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cats in Sivas: Detection by Indirect Hemagglutination Test. T. Parazitol. Derg., 1991; 15: 35-38. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Poyraz, Ö., Özçelik, S., Saygı, G., Güler, H.: Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women of Sivas region by Indirect Hemagglutination Method. T. Parazitol. Derg., 1995; 19: 195- 199. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Fisa, R., Gállego, M., Castillejo, S., Aisa, M.J., Serra, T., Riera, C., Carrió, J., Gállego, J., Portşs, M.: Epidemiology of canine leishmaniosis in Catalonia (Spain) the example of the Priorat focus. Vet. Parasitol., 1999; 83: 87-97.
- Gültekin, B., Ertuğ, S., Eren, H., Karagenç, T., Turgay, N., Doyuran, E.S.: Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in the Ketendere village of Aydın province in Turkey. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2003; 27: 102-105. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Ertabaklar, H., Özensoy Töz, S., Sakru, N., Keleş, E., Özbel, Y.: Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Muğla, Turkey. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2001; 25: 128-131. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Ozbel, Y., Turgay, N., Ozensoy, S., Ozbilgin, A., Aklan, M.Z, Ozcel, M.A., Jaffe, C.L., Schnur, L., Oksam, L., Abranches, P.: Epidemiology, diagnosis and control of leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean Region. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol., 1995; 89: 89- 93.
- Coşkun, S., Batmaz, H., Levent, A., Yılmaz, F.: Seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum infection of dogs in the western part of Turkey. T. Parazitol. Derg., 1997; 21: 287-291. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Taylan, A.Ö., Babür, C., Kılıç, S., Örgev, C., Özensoy, T.S.: Seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in Sakarya stray dogs by IFAT. T. Parazitol. Derg., 2003; 27: 97-101. (article in Turkish with an abstract in English)
- Özensoy Töz, S., Ertabaklar, H., Özbel, Y., Balcıoğlu, İ.C., Yıldızlı N., Alkan M.Z.: Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Kuşadası, Turkey. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 2005; 29: 23-26.
- Gavazza, A., Lubas, G., Gugliucci, B., Delgadillo, A., Pasquini, A., Mancianti, F.: Hemogram and bone marrow patterns in Canine Leishmaniosis. 12th ECVIM/ESVIM Cong., Munich, 2002; Vol 12: 165.
- Schultze A.E.: Interpretation of canine leukocyte responses. In: Feldman, B.F., Zinkl, J.G., Jain, N.C. Eds., Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 5thedn. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2000; 366-381.