Abdullah KAYA, Erdoğan GÜNEŞ, Erdoğan MEMİLİ

Application of reproductive biotechnologies for sustainable production of livestock in Turkey

Reproductive biotechnology encompasses powerful tools to enhance the efficiency and profitability of livestock reproduction, production, and product quality. These technologies include genomic selection, evaluation of semen (from bulls, bucks, and rams) using advanced cell and molecular technologies, semen cryopreservation and artificial insemination, estrus synchronization, superovulation of the females (cows, dams, and ewes), ovum pick-up, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, embryo transfer, and pregnancy detection. The extent of applications of these modern technologies and their economic impacts for livestock production in Turkey are elusive. As a result, there is an urgent need for sound economic analyses, research and education, training of animal producers to facilitate technology transfer, and informing of the public of the benefits of animal biotechnology. The objective of this study was to provide a review of key reproductive technologies and economic analyses of them, followed by an outlook on the future production of cattle, goats, and sheep in Turkey. This review is an important resource for students, researchers, and producers for a better understanding and for the application of cutting-edge biotechnology in efficient, sustainable, and profitable livestock production.

Keywords:

Livestock production, reproductive biotechnologies, artificial insemination superovulation, pregnancy detection, genomic selection,

PDF

___

Akyol N, Kızıl SH, Karaşahin T, Satılmış M, Hashiyada Y. Sığırlarda ovum pick up (OPU) tekniği kullanılarak in vitro embriyo üretimi. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 2008; 48: 1-11 (in Turkish).
Aksakal V, Haşimoğlu S, Bayram B, Erdoğan Y, Altun HÜ, Cengiz MM. Sustainability organic agriculture and livestock production with respect to European Union in Eastern Anatolia and East Black Sea Regions. Turkish Journal of Agriculture- Food Science and Technology 2016; 11: 1024-1030.
Demir N. Comparison of recent developments regarding husbandry policies in EU and Turkey in terms of the harmonization process. Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi 2012; 23: 2022-2026 (in Turkish with abstract in English).
Peşmen G, Yardımcı M. Avrupa Birliği’ne adaylık sürecinde Türkiye hayvancılığının genel durumu. Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi 2008; 79: 51-56 (in Turkish).
Yilmaz O, Akin O, Yener SM, Ertugrul M, Wilson R. The domestic livestock resources of Turkey: cattle local breeds and types and their conservation status. Animal Genetic Resources 2012; 50: 65-74.
Akbay C, Boz I. Turkey’s livestock sector: production, consumption and policies. Livestock Research for Rural Development 2005; 79: 28-44.
Turkish Statistics Institute. General Agriculture Record and News Bulletins. Ankara, Turkey: TÜİK; 2001.
Turkish Food, Agriculture, and Livestock Ministry. Reports of the Livestock General Director. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock; 2014.
Demir N, Yavuz F. An analysis on factors effective in benefiting from forage crops support. Sci Res Essays 2010; 5: 2022-2026.
Gümüş E, Çınar H. Türkiye, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Avrupa Birliği sığır eti sektörlerinin karşılaştırılması ve dış ticaret açısından değerlendirilmesi. Harran Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 2016; 5: 177-183 (in Turkish).
Tatar AM, Tutkun M, Sireli HD. Cattle and small ruminant breeding activities in Turkey. Scientific Papers Series D Animal Science 2013; 56: 233-236.
Semerci A, Çelik A. General overview of ovine breeding in Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 2016; 21: 182-196.
Özkoca A. Çiftlik hayvanlarında reprodüksiyon ve sun’i tohumlama. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları 1984; 4: 79-89 (in Turkish).
Walton R. Important milestones in the AI industry. In: Proceedings of the 24th Technical Conference on Artificial Insemination and Reproduction. Milwaukee, WI, USA: NAAB; 2012. pp. 16-21.
Turkish Ministry of Agriculture. Reports. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Agriculture; 2007-2016. Available at http://www.tarim.gov.tr/SGB/Sayfalar/Detay. aspx?OgeId=10&Liste=KutuMenu (in Turkish).
Barth AD, Oko R . Abnormal Morphology of Bovine Spermatozoa. Ames, IA, USA: Iowa State University Press; 1989.
Hoflack G, Van Soom A, Maes D, de Kruif A, Opsomer G, Duchateau L. Breeding soundness and libido examination of Belgian Blue and Holstein Friesian artificial insemination bulls in Belgium and the Netherlands. Theriogenology 2006; 66: 207-216.
Kaya A, Birler S, Enwall L, Memili E. Determinants of sperm morphology. In: Chenoweth PJ, editor. Animal Andrology: Theories and Applications. Wallingford, UK: CAB International; 2014. pp. 34-56.
Parisi AM, Thompson SK, Kaya A, Memili E. Molecular, cellular, and physiological determinants of bull fertility. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2014; 38: 637-642.
Sellem E, Broekhuijse M, Chevrier L, Camugli S, Schmitt E, Schibler L, Koenen EP. Use of combinations of in vitro quality assessments to predict fertility of bovine semen. Theriogenology 2015; 84: 1447-1454.
Kaya A, Baspinar N, Yildiz C, Kurtoglu F, Ataman M, Haliloglu S. Influence of melatonin implantation on sperm quality, biochemical composition of the seminal plasma and plasma testosterone levels in rams. Rev Med Vet-Toulouse 2000; 151: 11.
Kaya A, Aksoy M, Tekeli T. Influence of ejaculation frequency on sperm characteristics, ionic composition and enzymatic activity of seminal plasma in rams. Small Ruminant Res 2002; 44: 153-158.
Sarıözkan S, Bucak MN, Tuncer PB, Ulutaş PA, Bilgen A. The influence of cysteine and taurine on microscopic–oxidative stress parameters and fertilizing ability of bull semen following cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2009; 58: 134-138.
Bucak MN, Sarıözkan S, Tuncer PB, Ulutaş PA, Akçadağ Hİ. Effect of antioxidants on microscopic semen parameters, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activities in Angora goat semen following cryopreservation. Small Ruminant Res 2009; 81: 90- 95.
Hayes B, Goddard M. Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide dense marker maps. Genetics 2001; 157: 1819- 1829.
VanRaden PM, Van Tassell CP, Wiggans GR, Sonstegard TS, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Schenkel FS. Invited review: Reliability of genomic predictions for North American Holstein bulls. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92: 16-24.
Wiggans G, VanRaden P, Cooper T. The genomic evaluation system in the United States: past, present, future. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94: 3202-3211.
Wiggans GR, Sonstegard TS, VanRaden PM, Matukumalli LK, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Schenkel FS, Van Tassell CP. Selection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and quality of genotypes used in genomic evaluation of dairy cattle in the United States and Canada. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92: 3431-3436.
Misirlioglu M, Page G, Sagirkaya H, Kaya A, Parrish J, First N, Memili E. Dynamics of global transcriptome in bovine matured oocytes and preimplantation embryos. P Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 18905-18910.
Parrish J, Susko-Parrish J, Leibfried-Rutledge M, Critser E, Eyestone W, First N. Bovine in vitro fertilization with frozen- thawed semen. Theriogenology 1986; 25: 591-600.
Wiltbank M. Recent advances in reproductive physiology and synchronization. In: Proceedings of the 2014 AETA and CETA/ACTE Joint Convention; Madison, WI, USA; 2014.
Karaşahin T, Akyol N, Satılmış M, Kızıl SH, Bucak MN, Çoyan K. Investigation of conception rates achieved with the transfer of sexed and unsexed bovine embryos. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2014; 38: 253-256.
Birler S, Pabuççuoğlu S, Atalla H, Alkan S, Özdaş ÖB, Bacınoğlu S, Cirit Ü, Zavar İ, Sönmez MEC, İleri İK. Transfer of in vitro produced sheep embryos. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2002; 26: 1421-1426 (in Turkish with abstract in English).
Akyol N, Kızıl SH, Karaşahin T. In vitro Sıgır Embriyosu Üretimi. In: 14. Ulusal Biyoteknoloji Kongresi; 31 August–2 September 2005; Eskişehir, Turkey. pp. 244-248 (in Turkish).
Menchaca A, Barrera N, dos Santos Neto P, Cuadro F, Crispo M. Advances and limitations of in vitro embryo production in sheep and goats. Anim Reprod 2016; 13: 273-278.
Stevenson J, Lucy M, Call E. Failure of timed inseminations and associated luteal function in dairy cattle after two injections of prostaglandin F 2 -alpha. Theriogenology 1987; 28: 937-946.
Pursley J, Mee M, Wiltbank M. Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF2α and GnRH. Theriogenology 1995; 44: 915-923.
DeJarnette J, Marshall C. Effects of pre-synchronization using combinations PGF 2α and (or) GnRH on pregnancy rates of Ovsynch- and Cosynch-treated lactating Holstein cows. Anim Reprod Sci 2003; 77: 51-60.
Silva E, Sterry R, Kolb D, Wiltbank M, Fricke P. Effect of pretreatment with prostaglandin F2α before resynchronization of ovulation on fertility of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90: 5509-5517.
Kaya A, Çoyan K, Ataman MB. Plazma progesteron düzeylerine göre PGF2Α ile östrüs senkronizasyonu ve sabit zamanli tohumlamanin gebelik orani üzerine etkisi. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences 1998; 14: 77-83 (in Turkish).
Willett E, Black W, Casida L, Stone W, Buckner P. Successful transplantation of a fertilized bovine ovum. Science (New York, NY) 1951; 113: 247.
Hasler J. History of embryo transfer. In: Proceedings of the 2014 AETA and CETA/ACTE Joint Convention; Madison, WI, USA; 2014.
Rødgaard T, Heegaard PM, Callesen H. Non-invasive assessment of in-vitro embryo quality to improve transfer success. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 31: 585-589.
Souza A, Garcia-Guerra A, Adams G. Advances in ovarian stimulation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 AETA and CETA/ ACTE Joint Convention; Madison, WI, USA; 2014.
İleri İK, Sayın T. Sıgırlarda embriyo transfer çalısmaları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 1986; 12: 23- 35 (in Turkish).
Pieterse M, Kappen K, Kruip TA, Taverne M. Aspiration of bovine oocytes during transvaginal ultrasound scanning of the ovaries. Theriogenology 1988; 30: 751-762.
Boni R. Ovum pick-up in cattle: a 25 yr retrospective analysis. Anim Reprod 2012; 9: 362-369.
Curran S, Pierson R, Ginther O. Ultrasonographic appearance of the bovine conceptus from days 10 through 20. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986; 189: 1289-1294.
Pieterse M, Szenci O, Willemse A, Bajcsy C, Dieleman S, Taverne M. Early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle by means of linear-array real-time ultrasound scanning of the uterus and a qualitative and quantitative milk progesterone test. Theriogenology 1990; 33: 697-707.
Blash S, Schofield M, Echelard Y, Gavin W. Update on the first cloned goats. Nat Biotechnol 2012; 30: 229-230.
Rodriguez-Osorio N, Urrego R, Cibelli J, Eilertsen K, Memili E. Reprogramming mammalian somatic cells. Theriogenology 2012; 78: 1869-1886.
Fricke PM, Ricci A, Giordano JO, Carvalho PD. Methods for and implementation of pregnancy diagnosis in dairy cows. Vet Clin N Am-Food A 2016; 32: 165-180.
Wilmut I, Schnieke A, McWhir J, Kind A, Campbell K. Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. Nature 1997; 385: 810-813.
Birler S, Pabuccuoğlu S, Demir K, Cirit Ü, Kahraman E, Bacinoglu S, Özdaş Ö B, Evecen M, Alkan S, Baran A et al. Production of cloned lambs: transfer of early cleavage stage embryos to final recipients. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 2010; 36: 1-8.
Arat S1, Caputcu AT, Akkoc T, Pabuccuoglu S, Sagirkaya H, Cirit U, Nak Y, Koban E, Bagis H, Demir K et al. Using cell banks as a tool in conservation programmes of native domestic breeds: the production of the first cloned Anatolian Grey cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2011; 23: 1012-1023.
Bagis H, Aktoprakligil D, Gunes C, Arat S, Akkoc T, Cetinkaya G, Kankavi O, Taskin AC, Arslan K, Dundar M et al. Expression of biologically active human interferon gamma in the milk of transgenic mice under the control of the murine whey acidic protein gene promoter. Biochem Genet 2011; 49: 251-257.
Bertolini L, Meade H, Lazzarotto C, Martins L, Tavares K, Bertolini M, Murray JD. The transgenic animal platform for biopharmaceutical production. Transgenic Res 2016; 25: 329- 343.