Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysm: classification, atypical evolution and long-term prognosis in 35 patients
Ayşe Aksoy, Göknur Haliloğlu, Dilek Yalnızoğlu, Güzide Turanlı. Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysm: classification, atypical evolution and long-term prognosis in 35 patients. Turk J Pediatr 2015; 57: 439-452.We studied childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms (CEOP) with regard to typical and/or atypical ictal symptoms, EEG findings, as well as atypical evolution and outcome. This report focuses on the main clinical and EEG features of CEOP underlying its atypical symptoms and its management. Thirty-five patients with CEOP were subdivided into Panayiotopoulos syndrome (n=15), Gastaut syndrome (n=11), and mixed type (n=9). Nine patients (25%) with CEOP (mixed type) had shown atypical ictal manifestations and presented combinations of vomiting (100%) along with visual symptoms (66%), and/or eye deviation (66%), and headaches (44%). Five patients with CEOP had atypical evolution. However, the dictate for strict delineation into either the early-onset or late-onset forms of CEOP should be discarded because many children will present mixed clinical findings at varying ages. We think a detailed evaluation should be carried out as to why certain patients who apply have atypical findings, and whether each patient has age related evolution or not.
___
1. Berg AT, Berkovic SF, Brodie MJ, et al. Revised terminology and concepts for organization of seizures and epilepsies: report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005-2009. Epilepsia 2010; 51: 676-685.2. Engel J Jr. ILAE classification of epilepsy syndromes. Epilepsy Res 2006; 70S: S5-10.
3. Ferrie C, Caraballo R, Covanis A, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a consensus view. Dev Med Child Neurol 2007; 48: 236-240.
4. Covanis A, Ferrie CD, Koutroumanidis M, Oguni H, Panayiotopoulos K. Panayiotopoulos syndrome and Gastaut type idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy. In: Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. Montrouge: John Libbey Eurotext; 2005: 227-254.
5. Panayiotopoulos CP. Benign childhood focal seizures and related epileptic syndromes. In: Panayiotopoulos CP. A Clinical Quide to Epileptic Syndromes and their Treatments. London: Springer Healthcare Ltd; 2010: 339-376.
6. Gastaut H. A new type of epilepsy: benign partial epilepsy of childhood with occipital spikes -waves. Clin Electroencephalogr 1982; 13: 13-22.
7. Panayiotopoulos CP. The birth and evolution of the concept of Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Epilepsia 2007; 48:1041-1043.
8. Genizi J, Zelnik N, Ravid S, Shahar E. Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: difficulties in distinct segregation into either the early-onset or late-onset epilepsy subtypes. J Child Neurol 2007; 22: 588-592.
9. Kivity S, Ephraim T, Weitz R, Tamir A. Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: clinical variants in 134 patients. Epilepsia 2000; 41: 1522-1533.
10. Covanis A. Correspondence on "Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms: difficulties in distinct segregation into either the early-onset or late-onset epilepsy subtypes" J Child Neurol 2008; 23: 1085-1086.
11. Fejerman N, Caraballo R, Tenembaum SN. Atypical evolutions of benign localization-related epilepsies in children: are they predictable? Epilepsia 2000 ;41: 380-390.
12. Caraballo RH, Astorino F, Cersósimo R, Soprano AM, Fejerman N. Atypical evolution in childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms (Panayiotopoulos type). Epileptic Disord 2001; 3: 157-162.
13. Ferrie CD, Koutroumanidis M, Rowlinson S, Sanders S, Panayiotopoulos CP. Atypical evolution of Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a case report. Epileptic Disord 2002; 4: 35-42.
14. Caraballo RH, Cersósimo RO, Fejerman N. Late-onset, "Gastaut type", childhood occipital epilepsy: an unusual evolution. Epileptic Disord 2005; 7: 341-346.
15. Ferrie CD, Nordli DR Jr, Panayiotopoulos CP. Benign focal epilepsies of childhood. In: Pellock JM, Bourgeois BFD, Dodson WE, editors. Pediatric Epilepsy: Diagnosis and treatment. 3rd ed. New York: Demos Medical Publishing; 2008: 335-350.
16. Taylor I, Berkovic SF, Kivity S, Scheffer IE. Benign occipital epilepsies of childhood: clinical features and genetics. Brain 2008; 131: 2287-2294.
17. Panayiotopoulos CP, Michael M, Sanders S, Valeta T, Koutroumanidis M. Benign childhood focal epilepsies: assessment of established and newly recognized syndromes. Brain 2008; 131: 2264-2286
18. Terasaki T, Yamatogi Y, Ohtahara S. Electroclinical delineation of occipital lobe epilepsy in childhood. In: Andermann F, Lugaresi E, editors. Migraine and Epilepsy. Boston: Butterworth; 1987: 125-137.
19. Oguni H, Hayashi K, Imai K, Hirano Y, Mutoh A, Osawa M. Study on the early-onset variant of benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms, otherwise described as early-onset benign occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome. Epilepsia 1999; 10: 1020-1030.
20. Van den Hout BM, Van der Meij W, Wieneke GH, Van Huffelen AC, Van Nieuwenhuizen O. Seizure semiology of occipital lobe epilepsy in children. Epilepsia 1997; 38: 1188-1191.
21. Holtzman RN. Sensations of ocular movement in seizures originating in occipital lobe. Neurology 1977; 27: 554-556.
22. Caraballo RH, Sologuestua A, Grañana N, et al. Idiopathic occipital and absence epilepsies appearing in the same children. Pediatr Neurol 2004; 30: 24-28.
23. Salanova V, Andermann F, Olivier A, Rasmussen T, Quesney LF. Occipital lobe epilepsy: electroclinical manifestations, electrocorticography, cortical stimulation and outcome in 42 patients treated between 1930 and 1991. Surgery of occipital lobe epilepsy. Brain 1992; 115: 1655-1680.
24. Ludwig BI, Marsan CA. Clinical ictal patterns in epileptic patients with occipital electroencephalographic foci. Neurology 1975; 25: 463-471.
25. Panayiotopoulos CP. Benign childhood epileptic syndromes with occipital spikes: new classification proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy. J Child Neurol 2000; 5: 548-552.
26. Guerrini R, Ferrari AR, Battaglia A, Salvadori P, Bonanni P. Occipitotemporal seizures with ictus emeticus induced by intermittent photic stimulation. Neurology 1994; 44: 253-259.
27. Caraballo RH, Cersosimo RO, Fejerman N. Childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut: a study of 33 patients. Epilepsia 2008; 49: 288-297.
28. Caraballo RH, Cersosimo RO, Fejerman N. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a prospective study of 192 patients. Epilepsia 2007; 48: 1054-1061.
29. Covanis A. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a benign childhood autonomic epilepsy frequently imitating encephalitis, syncope, migraine, sleep disorder, or gastroenteritis. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 1237-1243.
30. Taylor I, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF. Occipital epilepsies: identification of specific and newly recognized syndromes. Brain 2003; 126: 753-769.
31. Takeda A, Bancaud J, Talairach J, Bonis A, BordasFerrer M. Concerning epileptic attacks of occipital origin. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1970; 28: 647-648.
32. Mennink S, van Nieuwenhuizen O, Jennekens-Schinkel A, van der Schouw YT, van der Meij W, van Huffelen AC. Early prediction of seizure remission in children with occipital lobe epilepsy. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2003; 7: 161-165.
33. Tsai ML, L o HY, Chaou WT. Clinical and electroencephalographic findings in early and late onset benign childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms. Brain Dev 2001; 23: 401-405.
34. Capovilla G, Striano P, Beccaria F. Changes in Panayiotopoulos syndrome over time. Epilepsia 2009; 50: 45-48.
35. Thomas P, Arzimanoglou A, Aicardi J. Benign idiopathic occipital epilepsy: report of a case of the late (Gastaut) type [corrected]. Epileptic Disord 2003; 5: 57-59.
36. Specchio N, Trivisano M, Di Ciommo V, et al. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a clinical, EEG, and neuropsychological study of 93 consecutive patients. Epilepsia 2010; 51: 2098-2107.
37. Gambardella A, Aguglia U, Guerrini R, Morelli F, Zappia M, Quattrone A. Sequential occurrence of benign partial epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy in three patients. Brain Dev 1996; 18: 212-215.
38. Ferrie CD, Beaumanoir A, Guerrini R, et al. Earlyonset benign occipital seizure susceptibility syndrome. Epilepsia 1997; 38: 285-293.
39. Lada C, Skiadas K, Theodorou V, Loli N, Covanis A. A study of 43 patients with panayiotopoulos syndrome, a common and benign childhood seizure susceptibility. Epilepsia 2003; 44: 81-88.
40. Saitoh M, Kubota M, Kimura I, Mizuguchi M, Igarashi T. A case of Panayiotopoulos syndrome showing an atypical course. Seizure 2006; 15: 643-648.
41. Grosso S, Orrico A, Galli L, Di Bartolo R, Sorrentino V, Balestri P. SCN1A mutation associated with atypical Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology 2007; 69: 609- 611.
42. Schrader D, Shukla R, Gatrill R, Farrell K, Connolly M. Epilepsy with occipital features in children: factors predicting seizure outcome and neuroimaging abnormalities. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2010; 15: 15-20. 43. Wakamoto H, Nagao H, Fukuda M, et al. Idiopathic
childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut: report of 12 patients. Pediatr Neurol 2011; 44: 183-186.
44. Doose H, Baier WK. Benign partial epilepsy and related conditions: multifactorial pathogenesis with hereditary impairment of brain maturation. Eur J Pediatr 1989; 149: 152-158.
45. Verrotti A, Coppola G, D'Egidio C, Parisi P, Chiarelli F. Gastaut type-idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy and childhood absence epilepsy: a clinically significant association? Seizure 2010; 19: 368-372.
46. Koutroumanidis M. Ictal vomiting in association with left temporal lobe seizures in a left hemisphere language-dominant patient. Epilepsia 2003; 44: 1259.
47. Panayiotopoulos CP. Autonomic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus peculiar to childhood: diagnosis and management. Epilepsy Behav. 2004; 5: 286-295.
48. U e n o M , O g u n i H , Ya s u d a K , O s a w a M . Neurophysiological study of secondary synchronous occipito-frontopolar spikes in childhood. Clin Neurophysiol 2001; 112: 2106-2112.
49. Fejerman N, Caraballo R, Tenembaum SN. Atypical evolutions of benign localization-related epilepsies in children: are they predictable? Epilepsia 2000; 41: 380-390.
50. Livingston JH, Cross JH, Mclellan A, Birch R, Zuberi SM. A novel inherited mutation in the voltage sensor region of SCN1A is associated with Panayiotopoulos syndrome in siblings and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. J Child Neurol 2009; 24: 503-508.
51. Ferrie CD, Livingston JH. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: learning lessons from atypical cases. Epileptic Disord 2010; 12: 92-94.
- ISSN: 0041-4301
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
- Başlangıç: 1958
- Yayıncı: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Çocuk Sağlığı Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
Hülya MARAŞ-GENÇ, Emek UYUR-YALÇIN, Bülent KARA
İnci ERGÜRHAN-İLHAN, Klara DALVA, Olcay KANDEMİR, Meriç KAYMAK-CİHAN, Neriman SARI
Maria VASİLOPOULOU, Anastasios SPATHİS, Nikos MYRİOKEFALİTAKİS, Foteni ZAFEROPOULOU, Ioanna PASPATİ, Maria TSOLİA
A case of hyperkinetic movement disorder associated with LGI1 antibodies
ÇİĞDEM SEVDA ERER ÖZBEK, Zuhal YAPICI, Erdem TÜZÜN, Murat GİRİŞ, Selcen DURAN, Özlem TAŞKAPILIOĞLU, Mehmet OKAN
GONCA KESKİNDEMİRCİ, Nuray AKTAY AYAZ, Neslihan MELİKOĞLU, Helen BORNAUN, Çiğdem AYDOĞMUŞ, Esin ALDEMİR, Gönül AYDOĞAN
Hypersensitivity pneumonia in a schoolchild admitted to the hospital's asthma clinic
Semiha BAHÇECİ ERDEM, HİKMET TEKİN NACAROĞLU, canan Şule ÜNsAl KArKıNer, Güner ÖZÇELİK, NESRİN MOĞULKOÇ BISHOP, Hüdaver ALPER, Demet CAN
DRESS syndrome presents as leukoencephalopathy
Seyed Hasan TONEKABONİ, Narjes JAFARİ, Zahra CHAVOSHZADEH, Bibi Shahin SHAMSİAN, Nima REZAEI
Pediatric tuberculosis in Turkey: a review of 8-years period in a tertiary care hospital
GÜLSÜM İCLAL BAYHAN, Gönül TANIR, Özge METİN, HÜLYA ŞİMŞEK, Türkan AYDIN-TEKE, Fatma Nur ÖZ, ZEYNEP GÖKÇE GAYRETLİ AYDIN
Ersin SAYAR, SEBAHAT ÖZDEM, Gülbahar UZUN, ALİ İŞLEK, Aygen YILMAZ, Reha ARTAN
Prolonged pacifier usage in infancy does not cause eating behavior problem later
Elif Nursel ÖZMERT, Nurcan BULUR, Nazan KAYMAZ, Mustafa TEKİN, Şule YILDIRIM, Fatih Köksal BİNNETOĞLU, Mustafa KILIÇ, Naci TOPALOĞLU, Sibel CEVİZCİ