Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate signal peptide-Cub-EGF domain-containing protein 1 (SCUBE1) levels and oxidative stress (OS) in a high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rat model. Materials and methods: Fourteen rats were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1, the control group, was given a standard diet (10% calories of fat) and Group 2, the obese group, was given a HFD (60% calories of fat), both for 70 days. Rats were then sacrificed and serum samples were collected. Serum glucose and triglyceride concentrations were determined using an autoanalyzer. Serum SCUBE1, adiponectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities were determined using colorimetric methods. Results: Final body weight was higher in the obese group (P = 0.007). Serum malondialdehyde concentrations were also higher in the obese group (P = 0.021). Serum glutathione peroxidase activities were higher in the control group (P = 0.028). Serum SCUBE1 levels were also higher in the control group (P = 0.038). Conclusion: There may be no connection between the measured OS parameters and SCUBE1. Differences in SCUBE1 levels may therefore be evaluated independently from OS in obesity.