Synthesis and spectral and thermal characterization of new metal-free and metallophthalocyanines: investigation of their photophysical, photochemical, and thin film properties

Novel tetrasubstituted metal-free (2), zinc (II) (3), cobalt (II) (4), and copper (II) (5) phthalocyanines bearing 2-phenylethanolate groups on the peripheral positions were synthesized by the cyclotetramerization reaction of the phthalonitrile derivative 1. The new compounds were characterized by a combination of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and MS spectra data. The thermal stabilities of the phthalocyanine compounds were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. For metal-free (2) and zinc (3) phthalocyanines, photochemical (photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields) and photophysical (fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes) properties were analyzed in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The cobalt (4) and copper (5) phthalocyanines were not evaluated for this purpose because of their paramagnetic behavior. The metal-free (2) and zinc (3) phthalocyanines' fluorescence quenching behaviors were also investigated. The new phthalocyanine compounds' fluorescence emissions were effectively quenched by 1,4-benzoquinone in DMSO. The thin films of the cobalt phthalocyanine compound (4) were grown by electron beam evaporation technique. Crystalline CoPc (4) thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Surface morphology of the CoPc (4) thin films was characterized by SEM.

Synthesis and spectral and thermal characterization of new metal-free and metallophthalocyanines: investigation of their photophysical, photochemical, and thin film properties

Novel tetrasubstituted metal-free (2), zinc (II) (3), cobalt (II) (4), and copper (II) (5) phthalocyanines bearing 2-phenylethanolate groups on the peripheral positions were synthesized by the cyclotetramerization reaction of the phthalonitrile derivative 1. The new compounds were characterized by a combination of IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and MS spectra data. The thermal stabilities of the phthalocyanine compounds were determined by thermogravimetric analysis. For metal-free (2) and zinc (3) phthalocyanines, photochemical (photodegradation and singlet oxygen quantum yields) and photophysical (fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes) properties were analyzed in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The cobalt (4) and copper (5) phthalocyanines were not evaluated for this purpose because of their paramagnetic behavior. The metal-free (2) and zinc (3) phthalocyanines' fluorescence quenching behaviors were also investigated. The new phthalocyanine compounds' fluorescence emissions were effectively quenched by 1,4-benzoquinone in DMSO. The thin films of the cobalt phthalocyanine compound (4) were grown by electron beam evaporation technique. Crystalline CoPc (4) thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Surface morphology of the CoPc (4) thin films was characterized by SEM.

___

  • Simon, J.; Bossoul, P. In: Phthalocyanines—Properties and Applications, II ; Leznoff, C. C.; Lever, A. B. P., Eds., VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1989.
  • Kobayashi, N. In: Leznoff, C. C.; Lever A. B. P., Eds., Phthalocyanines—Properties and Applications, II ; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1993.
  • Lukyanets, E. A. Electronic Spectra of Phthalocyanines and Related Compounds; Tcherkassy: Moscow, USSR, 1989.
  • Loupy, A. Microwaves in Organic Synthesis; Wiley VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2002.
  • Bonnett, R. Chem. Soc. 1995, 24, 19–33.
  • Gu, C.; Sun, L.; Zhang, T.; Li, T.; Zhang, X. Thin Solid Films 1998, 327, 383–386.
  • Liu, Y.; Hu, W.; Qiu, W.; Xu, Y.; Zhou, S.; Zhu, D. Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem. 2001, 80, 202–207. de Haan, A.; Debliquy, M.; Decroly, A. Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem. 1999, 57, 69–74.
  • C¸ elenk Kaya, E.; Karadeniz, H.; Kantekin, H. Dyes Pigments 2010, 85, 177–182.
  • Manley-King, C. I.; Bergh, J. J.; Petzer, J. P. Bioorgan. Med. Chem. 2011, 19, 4829–4840.
  • Yılmaz, I.; Bekaroglu, O. Chem. Ber. 1996, 129, 967–971.
  • Mack, J.; Stillman, M. J. Coord. Chem. 2001, 219–21, 993–1032.
  • Spiller, W.; Kliesch, H.; W¨ohrle, D.; Hackbarth, S.; Roder, B.; Schnurpfeil, G. J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 1998, 2, 145–158.
  • Connolly, J. S.; Bolton, J. R. In: Photoinduced Electron Transfer, Part D ; Fox, M. A.; Chanon M., Eds., Elsevier: Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1988.
  • Ogunsipe, A.; Nyokong, T. J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 2005, 9, 121–129.
  • Darwent, J. R.; McCubbin, I.; Phillips, D. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1982, 78, 347–357.
  • Idowu, M.; Nyokong, T. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2009, 204, 63–68.
  • Dutt, G. B.; Periasamy, N. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1991, 87, 3815–3820.
  • Perrin, D. D.; Armarego, W. L. F. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals; Pergamon, Oxford, UK, 1989.
  • Fery-Forgues, S.; Lavabre, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1260–1264.
  • Maree, M. D.; Nyokong, T.; Suhling, K.; Phillips, D. J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines 2002, 6, 373–376.
  • Ogunsipe, A.; Chen, J. Y.; Nyokong, T. New. J. Chem. 2004, 28, 822–827.
  • Du, H.; Fuh, R. C. A.; Li, J. Z.; Corkan, L. A.; Lindsey, J. S. Photochem. Photobiol. 1998, 68, 141–142.
  • Brannon, J. H.; Madge, D. Am. J. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 62–65.
  • Ogunsipe, A.; Nyokong, T. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2005, 173, 211–220.
  • Seotsanyana-Mokhosi, I.; Kuznetsova, N.; Nyokong, T. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2001, 140, 215–222.
  • Rose, J. Advanced Physico-Chemical Experiments; Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd: London, UK, 1964.
  • Tunhoo, B.; Nukeaw, J. In: Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems, Bangkok, Thailand, 16–19 January, 2007.
  • G¨urol, I.; Durmu¸s, M.; Ahsen, V.; Nyokong, T. Dalton T. 2007, 34, 3782–3791.
Turkish Journal of Chemistry-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-0527
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

New soluble amidoamine substituted phthalocyanines: synthesis, characterization, and investigation of their solution properties

Senem ÇOLAK, Salih Zeki YILDIZ

Boron-containing tetrapyrroles

Şennur ÖZÇELİK, Ahmet GÜL

Encapsulation of phthalocyanine-C60 fullerene conjugates into metallosupramolecular subphthalocyanine capsules: a turn of the screw

Irene SANCHEZ MOLINA, Mine INCE, Giovanni BOTTARI, Christian Georges CLAESSENS

Microwave-assisted synthesis of novel nonperipherally substituted metallophthalocyanines bearing (7-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)oxy groups

Didem EVREN, Hacer Yasemin YENİLMEZ, Ayfer Kalkan BURAT

Effect of the anchoring group in porphyrin sensitizers: phosphonate versus carboxylate linkages

Christine STERN, Alla BESSMERTNYKH LEMEUNE, Yulia GORBUNOVA

Synthesis and characterization of tetra-substituted titanium(IV) phthalocyanines with axial ligand

Deniz Kutlu TARAKCI, İlke GÜROL

Nature of second-order nonlinear optical response in phthalocyanine derivatives: a density functional theory study

Chiming WANG, Chao CHEN, Qingqi ZHANG, Dongdong QI, Jianzhuang JIANG

Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical and photochemical properties of 3-(4-phenyloxy)coumarin containing metallo- and metal-free phthalocyanines

Nurullah KARTALOĞLU, Aliye Aslı ESENPINAR

Synthesis and properties of novel polymeric metal-free and metallophthalocyanines containing peripherally long 1,2-bis[(3-oxapropyl)oxa]benzene derivatives

Ahmet BİLGİN, Durmuş YANMAZ, Çiğdem YAĞCI

Microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of Co(II) phthalocyanine and investigation of its catalytic activity on 4-nitrophenol oxidation

Ece Tuğba SAKA, Zekeriya BIYIKLIOĞLU, Halit KANTEKİN