Solidified floating organic drop microextraction and spectrophotometric determination of vanadium in water samples
Solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) was used as a sample preparation method prior to spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of vanadium in water samples. 8-Hydroxyquinoline (oxine) was used as the chelating agent. The main parameters affecting the performance of SFODME, such as pH, concentration of oxine, extraction time, sample and organic phase volume, extraction temperature, and the nature of the organic solvent, were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, an enhancement factor of 38, detection limit of 0.97 m g L-1, and good relative standard deviation of \pm 3.9% at 10 m g L-1 were obtained. The method was successfully applied to the determination of vanadium in tap water, well water, river water, and sea water. The accuracy of the method was assessed through a recovery experiment and independent analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
Solidified floating organic drop microextraction and spectrophotometric determination of vanadium in water samples
Solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) was used as a sample preparation method prior to spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of vanadium in water samples. 8-Hydroxyquinoline (oxine) was used as the chelating agent. The main parameters affecting the performance of SFODME, such as pH, concentration of oxine, extraction time, sample and organic phase volume, extraction temperature, and the nature of the organic solvent, were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, an enhancement factor of 38, detection limit of 0.97 m g L-1, and good relative standard deviation of \pm 3.9% at 10 m g L-1 were obtained. The method was successfully applied to the determination of vanadium in tap water, well water, river water, and sea water. The accuracy of the method was assessed through a recovery experiment and independent analysis by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
___
- solvent consumption, rejection of matrix constituent, low cost, and high enrichment factor. Future work will be directed toward the extraction of other metals using various ligands and the assessment of the capability of the method for determination of other metal ions. Cruywagen, J. J.; Heyns, J. B.; Westra, A. N. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 1556-1559.
- Byczkowski, J. Z.; Kulkarni, A. P. In Vanadium in the Environment, Part 2, Health Effects, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1998.
- Blower, P. J. Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem. Sect. A 1999, 95, 631-655.
- Garcia-Sanchez, R.; Bettmer J.; Ebdon. L. Microchem. J. 2004, 76, 161-171.
- Li, L.; Hu, B. Talanta 2007, 72, 472-479.
- Kim, M. I.; Tudino M. B. Talanta 2009, 79, 940-946.
- Aucelio, R. Q.; Doyle. A.; Pizzorno, B. S.; Luiza, M.; Tristao, B.; Campos, R. C. Microchem. J. 2004, 78, 21-26.
- Berton, P.; Matinis, E. M.; Martinez, L. D.; Wuilloud, R. G. Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 640, 40-46.
- Asadollahi, T.; Dadfarnia, S.; Haji Shabani, A. M. Talanta 2010, 82, 208-212.
- Filik, H.; Yanaz, Z.; Apak, R. Anal. Chim. Acta 2008, 620, 27-33.
- El-Nadi, Y. A.; Awwad, N. S.; Nayl, A. A. Int. J. Miner. Process 2009, 90, 115-120.
- Amin, A. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 2003, 59, 1025-1033.
- Amin, A.; Saber, A.; Mohammed, T. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 2009, 73, 195-200.
- Ding, Z. Q.; Liu, G. D. Analysis 2009, 29, 54-56. emberyov´a, M.; Jankovi, R.; Hagarov´a, I.; Kuss, H. M. Spectrochim. Acta Part B 2007, 62, 509-513.
- Rostampour, L.; Taher, M. A. Talanta 2008, 75, 1279-1283.
- Li, Q.; Zhao, X.; Jiang, K.; Liu, G. Microchim. Acta 2007, 158, 123-130.
- Hirayama, K.; Leyden, D. E. Anal. Chim. Acta 1986, 188, 1-7.
- Ohasi, A.; Ito, H.; Kanai, C.; Imura, H.; Ohashi, K. Talanta 2005, 65, 525-530.
- Jeannot, M. A.; Cantwell, F. F. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 2236-2240.
- Wang, Y.; Kwok, Y. C.; He, Y.; Lee, H. K. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 4610-4614.
- Gil, S.; de Loos-Vollebregt, M. T. C.; Bendicho, C. Spectrochim. Acta Part B 2009, 64, 208-214.
- Pedersen-Bjergaard, S.; Rasmussen, K. E. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 2650-2656.
- Berton, P.; Martinis, E. M.; Martinez, L. D.; Wuilloud, R. G. Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 640, 40-46.
- Rezaee, M.; Assadi, Y.; Milani Hosseini, M. R.; Aghaee, E.; Ahmadi, F.; Berijani, S. J. Chromatogr. A 2006, 1116, 9.
- Chen, H.; Chen, H.; Ying, J.; Huang, J.; Liao, L. Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 632, 80-85.
- Hu, J.; Fu, L.; Zhao, X.; Liu, X.; Wang, H.; Wang, X.; Dai, L. Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 640, 100-105.
- Rivas, R. E.; L´opez-Garc´ıa, I.; Hern´andez-C´ordoba, M. Spectrochim. Acta Part B 2009, 64, 329-333.
- Berijani, S.; Assadi, Y.; Anbia, M.; Milani Hosseini, M. R.; Aghaee, E. J. Chromatogr. A 2006, 1123, 1-9.
- Khalili Zanjani, M. R.; Yamini, Y.; Shariati, S.; J¨onsson, J. ˚A. Anal. Chim. Acta 2007, 585, 286-293.
- Dadfarnia, S.; Haji Shabani, A. M.; Kamranzadeh, E. Talanta 2009, 79, 1061-1065.
- Dadfarnia, S.; Salmanzadeh, A. M.; Haji Shabani, A. M. Anal. Chim. Acta 2008, 623, 163-167.
- Shirani Bidabadi, M.; Dadfarnia, S.; Haji Shabani, A. M. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 166, 291.
- Dadfrania, S.; Haji Shabani, A. M. Anal. Chim. Acta 2010, 658, 107-119.
- S¸ahin, C. A.; Tokg¨oz, I. Anal. Chim. Acta 2010, 667, 83-87.
- Rohani Moghadam, M.; Dadfarnia, S.; Haji Shabani, A. M. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.101.
- Chang, Q.; Zhang, J.; Du, X.; Ma, J. Frontiers. Environ. Sci. Eng. China 2010, 4, 187-195.
- Ma, J.; Zhang, J.; Du, X.; Lei, X. Microchim. Acta 2010, 168, 153-159.
- Marczenko, Z. Separation Spectrophotometric Determination of Elements, Ellis Horwood Limited, Chichester, UK, Dilts, R. V. Analytical Chemistry, D. Van Nostrand Company, New York, 1974.