Enzyme-assisted modification of cellulose/chitin fibers with NIPAAm
Coating processes are applied in order to improve coating adhesion and resistance to degradation. Covalently bound organic coatings rather than merely physically bound ones assure stable modification. In this study a novel two-step process was developed to modify cellulose/chitin mix fibers consisting of enzymatic activation with a commercial cellulase, followed by a coupling reaction with N-isopropylacrylamide (or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)) in the presence of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Both enzyme-activated and subsequently modified samples were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XPS, and SEM. All obtained results confirm the structural and morphological changes of the fiber surface after the application of the two-step procedure. The particular responsiveness to temperature and to pH of the coated fibers was evidenced by following the swelling behavior. It was established that the swelling kinetics followed a Fickian behavior.
Enzyme-assisted modification of cellulose/chitin fibers with NIPAAm
Coating processes are applied in order to improve coating adhesion and resistance to degradation. Covalently bound organic coatings rather than merely physically bound ones assure stable modification. In this study a novel two-step process was developed to modify cellulose/chitin mix fibers consisting of enzymatic activation with a commercial cellulase, followed by a coupling reaction with N-isopropylacrylamide (or poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)) in the presence of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Both enzyme-activated and subsequently modified samples were characterized by ATR-FTIR, XPS, and SEM. All obtained results confirm the structural and morphological changes of the fiber surface after the application of the two-step procedure. The particular responsiveness to temperature and to pH of the coated fibers was evidenced by following the swelling behavior. It was established that the swelling kinetics followed a Fickian behavior.
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- ATR-FTIR The ATR-FTIR spectra were recorded at 4 cm −1 resolution with 64 scans by means of a spectrometer, Bruker VERTEX 70, in absorbance mode, by the ATR technique with a 45 ◦ ZnSe crystal. Penetration thickness was about 100 µ m. For each sample, the evaluations were made on the average spectrum obtained from three recordings. Background and sample spectra were obtained in the 600 to 4000 cm −1 wavenumber range. The processing of spectra was achieved using a SPECVIEW program. 4.1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)
- XPS measurements were made using a PHI 5000 VersaProbe spectrometer (ULVAC-PHI) equipped with a monochromatic Al K α X-ray source photon energy = 1486.6 eV. The pressure in the analysis chamber was kept at 2× 10 −6
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