Differential pulse voltammetric determination of dopamine using Pd nanoparticles deposited on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane functionalized CeO 2 nanoparticles
In this study, a novel and effective electrochemical sensor for
determination of dopamine (DA) was successfully developed by the
modification of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using Pd nanoparticles
deposited on (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane functionalized nanoceria
(Pd@CeO22_{2}-APTES) and nafion used as a protective membrane. The
synthesized nanocomposites were evaluated using X-ray diffraction,
high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the electrochemical properties of the
modified electrodes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry,
electrochemical impedance voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry
(DPV). The Nf/Pd@CeO22_{2}-APTES/GCE showed a linear range of 2.5--149.5
μμ\mu M for DA by DPV with a notable sensitivity of 3.89 mA mM−1−1^{-1\,
}cm−2−2^{-2} and a low limit of detection of 0.46 μμ\mu M based on the
signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3). In addition, the sensor exhibited
satisfactory selectivity, remarkable sensitivity, repeatability, and
reproducibility. The sensor protected 92.07{\%} of its initial
electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of dopamine after 30 days.
The Nf/Pd@CeO22_{2}-APTES/GCE was used for determination of DA in serum
samples. The results indicate that the sensor can be a notable device for
the detection of DA in biological fluids.
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