Sajid ALI, Syed Jawad Ahmed SHAH, Hidayatur RAHMAN, Muhammad Shahab SAQIB, Muhammad IBRAHIM, Muhammad SAJJAD

Variability in wheat yield under yellow rust pressure in Pakistan

Wheat yield of 37 wheat varieties along with a susceptible check, Morocco, was studied under yellow rust pressure across 3 locations of North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan during 2007. Considerable high disease pressure, as revealed by yellow rust severity, was observed at all locations with the maximum (100%) at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera. Disease severity ranged from 0% to 70% for the tested varieties while reached 100% for Morocco with S type of host response. We report the presence of sufficient variability across locations for both yield potential and yellow rust severity. Locations with maximum disease pressure had lower mean grain yield and vice versa. NIFA followed by AUP had higher mean grain yield (5533 kg ha-1 and 4292 kg ha-1, respectively) with lower maximum disease severity values (70% and 80%, respectively). CCRI had higher disease pressure (100% severity for Morocco) with lower mean grain yield (3676 kg ha-1). Bahawalpur-95, Suleman-96, Kohsar-93, Fakhre-Sarhad, Tatara, and Frontana had relatively stable severity across locations in a range of 0% to 10%. Based on overall traits, Kohsar-93, Bakhtawar-92, Saleem-2000, Fakhre-Sarhad, Tatara, and Karwan had better yield and lower yellow rust severity and is recommended for cultivation and further breeding exploitation.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Puccinia striiformis, wheat varieties, multi-locations, yield variability

Variability in wheat yield under yellow rust pressure in Pakistan

Keywords:

Key words: Puccinia striiformis, wheat varieties, multi-locations, yield variability,

PDF

___

Akhtar MA, Ahmad I, Mirza JI, Rattu AR, Ehsan UH, Hakro AA, Jaffery AH (2002) Evaluation of candidate lines against stripe and leaf rusts under national uniform wheat and barley yield trial 2000-2001. Asian J Plant Sci 1: 450-453.
Ali S, Shah SJA, Khalil IH, Raman H, Maqbool K, Ullah W (2009) Partial resistance to yellow rust in introduced winter wheat germplasm at the north of Pakistan. Aust J Crop Sci 3: 37-43.
Ali S, Shah SJA, Ibrahim M (2007) Assessment of wheat breeding lines for slow yellow rusting (Puccinia striiformis west. tritici). Pak J Biol Sci 10: 3440-3444.
Allen RE, Vogel OA, Purdy LH (1963) Influence of stripe rust on yield and test weights of closely related lines of wheat. Crop Sci 3: 564-565.
Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (2007) Annual Report 2006- 07. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad. Published in 2007 by Director of Publication, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, P. O. BOX 1013, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Aquino P, Carrion F, Calvo R (2002) Selected wheat statistics. In CIMMYT 2000-2001. World Wheat Overview and Outlook: Developing No-Till Packages for Small-Scale Farmers. (Ed. J. Ekboir). CIMMYT, Mexico DF. 52-62.
Arif M, Khan A, Akbar H, Khan S, Ali S (2006) Prospect of wheat as a dual purpose crop. Pak J Weed Sci Res 12: 13-18.
Bayles RA, Flath K, Hovmİller MS, de Vallavielle-Pope C (2000) Break-down of the Yr17 resistance to yellow rust of wheat in northern Europe. Agronomie 20: 805–811.
Calderini DF, Dreccer MF, Slafer GA (1995) Genetic improvement in wheat yield and associated traits. A re-examination of previous results and the latest trends. Plant Breed 114: 108-112.
Chatrath R, Mishra B, Ferrara GO, Singh SK, Joshi AK (2007) Challenges to wheat production in South Asia. Euphytica 157: 447–456.
Coakley SM (1978) The effect of climatic variability on stripe rust of wheat in the pacific northwest. Phytopathol 68: 207-212.
de Vallavieille-Pope C, Line RF (1990) Virulence of North American and European races of Puccinia striiformis on North American, world, and European differential wheat cultivars. Plant Dis 74: 739–743.
de Vallavieille-Pope C, Huber L, Leconte M, Goyeau H (1995) Comparative effects of temperature and interrupted wet periods on germination, penetration and infection of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici and P. striiformis on wheat seedlings. Phytopathol 85: 409-415. de Vallavieille-Pope C, Huber L, Leconte M, Bethenod O (2002) Preinoculation effect of light quantity on infection efficiency of Puccinia striiformis and P.triticina on wheat seedlings. Phytopathol 92: 1308-1314.
Fonseca S, Patterson FL (1968) Yield component heritabilities and interrelationships in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crop Sci 8: 614-617.
Gomez KA, Gomez AA (1984) Statistcal procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Hassan G (2004) Diallel analysis of some important parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. PhD thesis submitted to NWFP Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan.
Hassan G, Muhammad F, Khalil IH, Raziuddin (2006) Heterosis and heterobeltiosis for morphological traits in bread wheat. Sarhad J Agric 22: 51-54.
Inamullah, Muhammad F, Siraj-ud-Din, Hassan G, Ali S (2006) Combining ability analysis for important traits in bread wheat. Sarhad J Agric 22: 45-50.
Khalil IA, Jan A (2003) Agro-meteorology of Pakistan; Cropping Technology. National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Khalil IH, Aftab, Shehzad T, Subhan F (2005) Genotype × location interaction for yield and its associated traits in spring wheat. Sarhad J Agric 21: 29-32.
Kissana SN, Mujahid YM, Mustafa ZS (2003) Wheat Production and Productivity 2002-2003. A Technical Report to Apprise the Issues and Future Strategies. Published by Coordinated Wheat, Barley and Triticale Program, National Agricultural Research Center, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad . 19pp.
Long DL, Accessed 25 September 2007. Small grain losses due to rust. Published online by the USDA, ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory. St. Paul, MN.
Luthera OP, Singh RK (1974) A comparison of different stability models in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 45: 143-149.
Mirza JI, Singh RP, Ahmed I (2000) Resistance to leaf rust in Pakistani wheat lines. Pak J Biol Sci 3: 1056-1061.
Moschini RC, Pérez BA (1999) Predicting wheat leaf rust severity using planting date, genetic resistance and weather variables. Plant Dis 83: 381-384.
Pathan AK, Park RF (2007) Evaluation of seedling and adult plant resistance to stem rust in European wheat cultivars. Euphytica 155: 87–105.
Peterson RF, Campbell AB, Hannah AE (1948) A diagrammatic scale for rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals. Can J Res 26: 496–500.
R_Development_Core_Team (2006) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna, Austria ISBN 3-900051-07-0 http://www.R- project.org
Saari EE, Hashmi NI, Kisana NS (1995) Wheat and Pakistan, an update (Yr95 doc.) pp3.
Shah Z, Shah SMA, Hussnain A, Ali S, Khalil IH, Munir I (2007) Genotypic variation for yield and yield related traits and their correlation studies in wheat. Sarhad J Agric 23: 633-636.
Shah SJA, Hussain S, Mohmmad T, Ibrahim M, Ali S, Khan W (2006) Virulence assessment of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST) on field grown yellow rust differentials and their slow rusting behavior in Peshawar, Pakistan. Presented at “International Wheat Seminar” held at Wheat Research Institute, Faislabad from 20-2 February.
Shah SJA, Khan AJ, Azam F, Mirza JI, Rehman AU (2003) Stability of rust resistance and yield potential of some ICARDA bread wheat lines In Pakistan. Pak J Sci Indus Res 46: 443-446.
Singh AJ, Byerlee D (1990) Relative variability in wheat yields across countries and over time. J Agric Eco 41: 21-32.
Singh RP, William HM, Huerta-Espino J, Rosewarne G (2004) Wheat rust in Asia: meeting the challenges with old and new technologies. “New directions for a diverse planet”. Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, 26 Sep – 1 Oct 2004, Brisbane, Australia.
Smale M, Singh RP, Sayre K, Pingali P, Rajaram S, Dubin HJ (1998) Estimating the economic impact of breeding nonspecific resistance to leaf rust in modern bread wheats. Plant Dis 82: 1055-1061.
Sunderman DW, Wise M (1964) Influence of wheat upon plant development and grain quality of closely related Lemhi derivatives. Crop Sci 4: 347-348.
Stubbs RW, Prescott JM, Saari EE, Dubin HJ (1986) Cereal Disease Methodology Manual. CIMMYT.
Tammam AM, Ali SA, Syed EAM (2000) Phenotypic, genotypic correlation coefficients analysis in some bread wheat crosses. Assuit J Agric Sci 31: 73-85.
Villaréal LMMA, Christian L, Pope CV, Neema C (2002) Genetic variability in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici populations sampled on a local scale during natural epidemics. Appl Env Microbiol 68: 6138–6145.
Wiegand CL, Cuellar JA (1981) Duration of Grain Filling and Kernel Weight of Wheat as Affected by Temperature. Crop Sci 21: 95- 101.
Zadoks JC, Rijsdijk FH (1984) Atlas of cereal diseases and pests in Europe. Agro-ecological Atlas of cereal growing in Europe, Vol. III. Pudoc: Wageningen, The Netherlands.