Kourosh KEIGHOBADI, Maryam GOLABADI, Mahdı KHOZAEI, Abdol Majıd REZAI

Screening of factors affecting somatic callusing and embryo induction in Allium cepa L. through Plackett?Burman methodology

Induction of embryonic callus through available asexual explant culture is applied in the protection and maintenance of cytoplasmic-male sterility and in the maintenance of other lines of onion Allium cepa L. . Usage of the Plackett?Burman PB experimental design has been suggested as a screening method for many variables that influence the desired induction. In order to overcome limitations of standard experimental designs and prioritization of media culture components, a systematic investigation was carried out using the PB design. In this investigation, the effects of different factors such as 2,4-D, putrescine, carbohydrate sources maltose, sorbitol, and sucrose , silver nitrate, glutamine, and glycine concentrations were assayed on callus and embryo induction through mature zygotic embryo explant culture. Out of the eight medium components screened, the four components of putrescine, glutamine, 2,4-D, and glycine were found to contribute positively to the callus production with a maximum production rate of 97.14%. The normal plot and linear regression equation with positive largest coefficient showed that putrescine had the highest significant positive effect with 200 mg/L and three elements comprising 2,4-D and glycine showing a significant reducing effect on callus induction. In embryonic callus induction, a wide range of responses were observed from 0% to 100% in the 21 trials. Results of linear regression data showed that among the eight elements, 2,4-D, glutamine, and glycine had significant effects on embryo production. Glycine and 2,4-D had the highest 26.34% and the lowest 8.33% contribution to explaining embryonic callus induction, respectively. A wide range of responses 0 to 44.1 mg were observed in the Plackett-Burman design with respect to the fresh weight. The regression analysis for the Plackett-Burman design PBD demonstrated that glycine, sorbitol, and sucrose were of high influence on the fresh weight P ≤ 0.05 . Glycine 31.4% and sucrose 6.7% were found to have the highest and lowest contribution to the fresh weight of callus, respectively. Thus, this practical article seeks to show some helpful statistical approaches to typical problems in data analyses of tissue culture research.

Keywords:

Design of experiment, onion, tissue culture, explant number,

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