Renata NURZYNSKA-WIERDAK, Bartlomiej BOROWSKI, Katarzyna DZIDA

Essential oil composition of sweet basil cultivars as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilization

This study was designed to find correlations between the rate of nitrogen and potassium and basil herb quality resulting from essential oil content and composition. An increase in the amount of nitrogen in the nutritional environment of the plants resulted in the enhanced accumulation of essential oil, as well as in a rise in linalool and germacrene D concentration. The present study also showed increased content of essential oil in the herb, as well as an increase of 1,8-cineole in the oil under the influence of the increased rate of potassium. The studied basil cultivars Kasia and Wala were characterized by a high content of essential oil, whose dominant component was linalool (64.7%). In addition, the components that occurred in larger amounts were as follows: geraniol (12.6%), 1,8-cineole (4.1%), and epi-alpha-cadinol (3.8%).

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Essential oil content, geraniol, linalool, Ocimum basilicum L.

Essential oil composition of sweet basil cultivars as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilization

Keywords:

Key words: Essential oil content, geraniol, linalool, Ocimum basilicum L.,

PDF

___

Adams RP (2001) Identification of Essential Oil Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Quadrupole Mass Spectroscopy. Allured, Carol Stream, IL, USA.
Adler PR, Simon JE, Wilcox GE (1989) Nitrogen form alters sweet basil growth and essential oil content and composition. HortSci 24: 789–790.
Amtmann A, Troufflard S, Armengaud P (2008) The effect of potassium nutrition on pest and disease resistance in plants. Physiol Plant 133: 682–691.
Arabaci O, Bayram E (2004) The effect of nitrogen fertilization and different plant densities on some agronomic and technologic characteristic of Ocimum basilicum L. (basil). J Agron 3: 255– 2
Chang X, Alderson PG, Wright CJ (2008) Solar irradiance level alters the growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and its content of volatile oils. Environ Exp Bot 63: 216–223.
Chatzopoulou PS, Koutsos TV, Katsiotis ST (2006) Study of nitrogen fertilization rate on fennel cultivars for essential oil yield and composition. J Vegetable Sci 12: 85–93.
Dambolena JS, Zunino MP, López AG, Rubinstein HR, Zygadlo JA, Mwangi JW, Thoithi GN, Kibwage IO, Mwalukumbi JM, Kariuki ST (2010) Essential oils composition of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum gratissimum L. from Kenya and their inhibitory effects on growth and fumonisin production by Fusarium verticillioides. Inn Food Sci Emerg Technol 11: 410–414.
Daneshian A, Gurbuz B, Cosge B, Ipek A (2009) Chemical components of essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) grown at a different nitrogen levels. Internat J Nat Engin 3: 8–
De Vincenzi M, Silano M, Maialetti F, Scazzocchio B (2000) Constituents of aromatic plants: II. Estragole. Fitoterapia 71: 725–729.
Dzida K (2010) Biological value and essential oil content in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) depending on calcium fertilization and cultivar. Acta Sci Pol Hortorum Cultus 9: 153–161.
Ez-Ell Din AA, Hendawy SF, Aziz EE, Omer EA (2010) Enhancing growth, yield, and essential oil of caraway plants by nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Internat J Acad Res 2: 192–197.
Golcz A, Politycka B, Seidler-Łożykowska K (2006) The effect of nitrogen fertilization and stage of plant development on the mass and quality of sweet basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.). Herba Pol 52: 22–30.
Nguyen PM, Kwee EM, Niemeyer ED (2010) Potassium rate alters the antioxidant capacity and phenolic concentration of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves. Food Chem 123: 1235–1241. Nguyen PM, Niemeyer ED (2008) Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Brown Working Papers in the Arts and Sciences, Southwestern University, Georgetown, TX, USA. NIST (2002) Mass Spectral Library. NIST/EPA/NIH, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R (2007a) Evaluation of morphological and developmental variability and essential oil composition of selected basil cultivars. Herba Pol 53: 255–261.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R (2007b) Comparing the growth and flowering of selected basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) varieties. Acta Agrobot 60: 127–131.
Nurzyńska-Wierdak R, Borowski B, Dzida K (2011) Yield and chemical composition of basil herb depending on cultivar and foliar feeding with nitrogen. Acta Sci Pol Hortorum Cultus 10: 207–219.
Ogata M, Hoshi M, Urano S, Endo T (2000) Antioxidant activity of eugenol and related monomeric and dimeric compounds. Chem Pharm Bull 48: 1467–1469.
Omer EA (1999) Response of wild Egyptian oregano to nitrogen fertilization in a sandy soil. J Plant Nutr 22: 103–114.
Özcan M, Chalchat JC (2002) Essential oil composition of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum minimum L. in Turkey. Czech J Food Sci 20: 223–228.
Özek T, Tabanca N, Demirci F, Wedge DE, Başer KHC (2010) Enantiomeric distribution of some linalool containing essential oils and their biological activities. Rec Nat Prod 4: 180–192. Peana AT, D’Aquila PS, Panin F, Serra G, Pippia P, Moretti MDL (2004) Anti-inflammatory activity of linalool and linalyl acetate constituents of essential oils. Phytomed 9: 721–726. Pisano M, Pagnan G, Loi M, Mura ME, Tilocca MG, Palmieri G, Fabbri D, Dettori MA, Delogu G, Ponzoni M, Rozzo C (2007) Antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity of eugenol-related biphenyls on malignant melanoma cells. Molecular Cancer 6: doi 1186/1476–4598–6–8.
Polish Pharmacopoeia, 8th ed. (2008) Polish Pharmaceutical Society: Warsaw.
Rakic Z, Johnson CB (2002) Influence of environmental factors (including UV-B radiation) on the composition of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum – sweet basil. J Herbs Spic Med Plants 9: 157–162.