Emissions of volatile organic compounds from lacquer coatings used in the furniture industry, modified with nanoparticles of inorganic metal compounds

This study presents results of studies on emissions of volatile organic compounds from lacquer products containing nanoparticles of inorganic metal compounds (SiO2, TiO2, and Ag). The lacquers selected for analyses were applied on the surface of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood. Tests were conducted by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and thermal desorption. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released to the air by tested coatings in the first stage of the analyses fell within a very broad range (307-1829 µg/m3). Analyses of VOC emissions were conducted after 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 30, 60, and 90 days. After 90 days VOC concentrations were significantly lower, ranging from 42 to 101 µg/m3. A broad spectrum of compounds, comprising aldehydes, esters, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols, and terpenes, was identified in the tested air.

Emissions of volatile organic compounds from lacquer coatings used in the furniture industry, modified with nanoparticles of inorganic metal compounds

This study presents results of studies on emissions of volatile organic compounds from lacquer products containing nanoparticles of inorganic metal compounds (SiO2, TiO2, and Ag). The lacquers selected for analyses were applied on the surface of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood. Tests were conducted by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and thermal desorption. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released to the air by tested coatings in the first stage of the analyses fell within a very broad range (307-1829 µg/m3). Analyses of VOC emissions were conducted after 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 30, 60, and 90 days. After 90 days VOC concentrations were significantly lower, ranging from 42 to 101 µg/m3. A broad spectrum of compounds, comprising aldehydes, esters, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, glycols, and terpenes, was identified in the tested air.

___

  • Adams LK, Lyon DY, Alvarez PJJ (2006). Comparative eco-toxicity of nanoscale TiO2, SiO2 and ZnO water suspensions. Water Res 40: 3527–3532.
  • Bauer F, Decker U, Czihal K, Mehnert R, Riedel C, Riemschneider M, Schubert R, Buchmeiser MR (2009). UV curing and matting of acrylate nanocomposite coatings by 172  nm excimer irradiation. Prog Org Coat 64: 474–481.
  • Borm PJA, Robbins D, Haubold S, Kuhlbusch T, Fissan H, Donaldson K, Schins R, Stone V, Kreyling W, Lademann J et al. (2006). The potential risks of nanomaterials: a review carried out for ECETOC. Part Fibre Toxicol 3: 1–35.
  • Brinke J, Kelvin S, Hodgson AT, Fisk WJ, Mendell MJ, Koshland CP, Daisey JM (1998). Development of new volatile organic compound (VOC) exposure metrics and their relationship to “sick building syndrome” symptoms. Indoor Air 8: 140–152.
  • Cristea MV, Riedl B, Blanchet P (2011). Effect of addition of nanosized UV absorbers on the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of an exterior waterborne stain for wood. Prog Org Coat 72: 755–762.
  • EPA (2007). Nanotechnology White Paper. US Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA 100/B-07/001, Washington DC 20460, USA.
  • Guo H, Murray F (2001). Determination of total volatile organic compounds emissions from furniture polishes. Clean Prod Process 3: 42–48.
  • Gupta A, Silver S (1998). Molecular genetics: silver as a biocide. Will resistance become a problem? Nat Biotechnol 16: 888.
  • Gwinn MR, Vallyathan V (2006). Nanoparticles: health effects—pros and cons. Environ Health Persp 114: 1818–1825.
  • Hansen MK (2001). Health evaluation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions from wood and wood-based materials. Arch Environ Health 5: 419–432.
  • Hong R, Pan T, Qian J, Li H (2006). Synthesis and surface modification of ZnO nanoparticles. Chem Eng J 119: 71–81.
  • Hongying Y, Sukang Z, Ning P (2004). Studying the mechanisms of titanium dioxide as ultraviolet-blocking additive for films and fabrics by an improved scheme. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3201–
  • Hunter P, Oyama ST (2000). Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions, Conventional and Emerging Technologies. New York, NY, USA: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Katz NB, Katz O, Mandel S (2006). Neurotoxicity of chemicals commonly used in agriculture. In: Messenger JE, editor. Agricultural Medicine. A Practical Guide. New York, NY, USA: Springer, pp. 300–323.
  • Kirkeskov L, Witterseh T, Funch LW, Kristiansen E, Mİlhave L, Hansen MK, Kundsen BB (2009). Health evaluation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission from exotic wood products. Indoor Air 19: 45–57.
  • Kreyling W, Semmler-Behnke M, Möller W (2006). Health implications of nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res 8: 543–562.
  • Liau SY, Read DC, Pugh WJ, Furr JR, Russell AD (2007). Interaction of silver nitrate with readily identifiable groups: relationship to the antibacterial action of silver ions. Lett Appl Microbiol 25: 279–283.
  • Mİlhave L (2003). Organic compounds as indicators of air pollution. Indoor Air 13: 12–19.
  • Nowack B, Bucheli TD (2007). Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment. Environ Pollut 150: 5–22.
  • Nowaczyk-Organista M (2008). Zabezpieczenie drewna brzozy przed działaniem światła przez zastosowanie mikrotonizowanej bieli tytanowej w lakierze wodorozcieńczalnym. (Protection of birch wood against light using ultra-fine titanum dioxide in the water-based lacquer). Drewno 51: 45–60.
  • Nowaczyk-Organista M (2009). Protection of birch and walnut wood colour from the effect of exposure to light using ultra-fine zinc white. Drewno 52: 19–40.
  • Oberdörster G, Ferin J, Lehnert BE (1994). Correlation between particle size, in vivo particle persistence, and lung injury. Environ Health Persp 102: 173–179.
  • Oberdörster G, Oberdörster E, Oberdörster J (2005). Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ Health Persp 113: 823–839.
  • Rai M, Yadav A, Gade A (2009). Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials. Biotechnol Adv 27: 76–83.
  • Ruben JM, Luis JE, Alejandra C, Katherine H, Juan BK, Tapia JR, Miguel Jose Y (2005). The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 16: 2346.
  • Saber AT, Jensen KA, Jacobsen NR, Birkedal R, Mikkelsen L, Mİller P, Loft S, Wallin H, Vogel U (2012a). Inflammatory and genotoxic effects of nanoparticles designed for inclusion in paints and lacquers. Nanotoxicology 6: 453–471.
  • Saber AT, Koponen IK, Jensen KA, Jacobsen NR, Mikkelsen L, Mİller P, Loft S, Vogel U, Wallin H (2012b). Inflammatory and genotoxic effects of sanding dust generated from nanoparticle- containing paints and lacquers. Nanotoxicology 6: 776–788.
  • Salleh NGN, Alias MS, Gläsel HJ, Mehnert R (2013). High performance radiation curable hybrid coatings. Radiat Phys Chem 84: 70–73.
  • Salthammer T (1996). Release of photoinitiator fragments from UV- cured furniture coatings. J Coating Tech 68: 41–48.
  • Salthammer T (1997). Emissions of volatile organic compounds from furniture coatings. Indoor Air 7: 189–197.
  • Salthammer T (1999). Organic Indoor Air Pollutants: Occurrence, Measurement, Evaluation. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH.
  • Salthammer T, Schwarz A, Fuhrmann F (1998). Emissions of reactive compounds and secondary products from wood-based furniture coatings. Atmos Environ 33: 75–84.
  • Sokół JL (2012). Nanotechnologia w życiu człowieka (Nanotechnology in human life). Ekonomia i zarządzanie (Economics and management) 4: 18–29.
  • Sow C, Riedl B, Blanche P (2010). Kinetic studies of UV-waterborne nanocomposite formulations with nanoalumina and nanosilica. Prog Org Coat 67: 188–194.
  • Sow C, Riedl B, Blanche P (2011). UV-waterborne polyurethane- acrylate nanocomposite coatings containing alumina and silica nanoparticles for wood: mechanical, optical, and thermal properties assessment. J Coat Technol Res 8: 211–221.
  • Stachowiak-Wencek A (2012). Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from polyurethane lacquers used in furniture production. Physico-chemical analysis of lignocellulosic materials. Part II. WULS-SGGW Press: 44–54.
  • Stachowiak-Wencek A, Prądzyński W (2011). Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from waterborne lacquers with different content of solids. Drewno 54: 51–63.
  • Stachowiak-Wencek A, Prądzyński W, Mateńko-Nożewnik M (2014). Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from UV-cured water-based lacquer products. Drewno 57: 87–97.
  • Uhde E, Salthammer T (2007). Impact of reaction products from building materials and furnishings on indoor air quality—a review of recent advances in indoor chemistry. Atmos Environ 41: 3111–3128.
  • Van Broekhuizen FA (2012a). Nano in furniture—state of the art 2012. Research Report No. VS/2011/0134-SI2-596685. IVAM Uv BV, Amsterdam, NL.
  • Van Broekhuizen FA (2012b). Nano in furniture—state of the art 2012. Executive Summary. Research Report No. VS/2011/0134- SI2-596685. IVAM Uv BV, Amsterdam, NL.
  • Van Broekhuizen FA, Van Broekhuizen JC (2009). Nano-products in the European construction industry—state of the art 2009. Executive Summary. Research Report No. VS/2008/0500- SI2-512656. IVAM Uv BV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  • Zhang W, Qiao X, Chen J (2007). Synthesis of silver nanoparticles— effects of concerned parameters in water/oil microemulsion. Mater Sci Eng B 142: 1–15.
  • Zubielewicz M (2008). Wpływ nanocząstek SiO na właściwości lakierów i powłok lakierowych (Effect of SiO2 nanoparticles on the properties of paints and coatings). Ochrona przed korozją (Protection against corrosion) 12: 462–464.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry-Cover
  • ISSN: 1300-011X
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
  • Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora using different application methods in the presence or absence of a natural enemy

RAMALINGAM KARTHIK RAJA, CANAN HAZIR, Arife GÜMÜŞ, CEM ASAN, MEHMET KARAGÖZ, SELÇUK HAZIR

Comparison of berry quality in highbush blueberry cultivars grown according to conventional and organic methods

İreneusz OCHMIAN, Karolina KOZOS, Piotr CHELPINSKI, Malgorzata SZCZEPANEK

Genetic variation in wheat germplasm for salinity tolerance atseedling stage: improved statistical inference

Babar HUSSAIN, Abdus Salam KHAN, Zulfiqar ALI

Neera GARG, Priyanka SINGLA, Purnima BHANDARI

Effects of roasting and enzyme pretreatments on yield and quality of cold-pressed poppy seed oils

Dilek Dündar EMİR, Buket AYDENİZ, Emin YILMAZ

The response to bacterial inoculation is cultivar-related in strawberries

JELENA M. TOMIC, JASMINKA M. MILIVOJEVIC, MARIJANA I. PESAKOVIC

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, humic acid, and whey on wilt diseasecaused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. in three solanaceous crops

SEMRA DEMİR, SUAT ŞENSOY, ELVAN OCAK, Elvan OCAK, ŞEFİK TÜFENKCİ, Emre Demirer DURAK, EMRE DEMİRER DURAK, ÇEKNAS ERDİNÇ, HÜSAMEDDİN ÜNSAL

Crude extract of Trichoderma elicits agarwood substances in cell suspensionculture of the tropical tree, Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.

Shashita JAYARAMAN, Rozi MOHAMED

Effcacy of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora using diferent application methods in the presence or absence of a natural enemy

Mehmet KARAGÖZ, Canan HAZIR, Selçuk HAZIR, Cem ASAN, Ramalingam Karthik RAJA, Arife GÜMÜŞ

Emissions of volatile organic compounds from lacquer coatings used in the furniture industry, modified with nanoparticles of inorganic metal compounds

Agata Stachowiak WENCEK, Magdalena ZBOROWSKA, Wlodzimierz PRADZYNSKI, Boguslawa WALISZEWSKA