Concept design in virtual reality of a forestry trailer using a QFD-TRIZ based approach
Trailers are used to carry logs having specific dimensions for logging extraction operations, secondary transportation, and agricultural activities. The main objective of this study was the design of a timber trailer capable of manual loading operations and suitable for rough terrain conditions to be used in combination with a farm tractor in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. In the proposed methodology, a House of Quality diagram was used to transfer customer requirements into quality characteristics, and focus the development of the product toward customer satisfaction. Negative correlations between quality characteristics were solved using the TRIZ contradiction toolkit and generating different concepts. Inventive solutions provided by TRIZ were designed with parametric CAD software. Several concepts were compared in a participative design review session in an immersive virtual reality environment. To choose an optimal concept, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used. The final concept has a total length of 3.35 m, width of 1.34 m, and height of 1.8 m. The mass is 2700 kg, the payload capacity is about 2.33 m3, and the total volume of the chassis is 2.68 m3. The angle of rollover is 26.9°, the door is reachable by 90% of the population, and the lower back analysis performed for the loading operation showed a maximum value of 2597 N. The final concept is capable of movement in steep terrain and with the presence of obstacles, carrying logs up to 3-m long. It is more productive among high-density stand trees, allows for ergonomic loading operations, and reduces environmental damage to soil and vegetation.
Concept design in virtual reality of a forestry trailer using a QFD-TRIZ based approach
Trailers are used to carry logs having specific dimensions for logging extraction operations, secondary transportation, and agricultural activities. The main objective of this study was the design of a timber trailer capable of manual loading operations and suitable for rough terrain conditions to be used in combination with a farm tractor in the western Black Sea region of Turkey. In the proposed methodology, a House of Quality diagram was used to transfer customer requirements into quality characteristics, and focus the development of the product toward customer satisfaction. Negative correlations between quality characteristics were solved using the TRIZ contradiction toolkit and generating different concepts. Inventive solutions provided by TRIZ were designed with parametric CAD software. Several concepts were compared in a participative design review session in an immersive virtual reality environment. To choose an optimal concept, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used. The final concept has a total length of 3.35 m, width of 1.34 m, and height of 1.8 m. The mass is 2700 kg, the payload capacity is about 2.33 m3, and the total volume of the chassis is 2.68 m3. The angle of rollover is 26.9°, the door is reachable by 90% of the population, and the lower back analysis performed for the loading operation showed a maximum value of 2597 N. The final concept is capable of movement in steep terrain and with the presence of obstacles, carrying logs up to 3-m long. It is more productive among high-density stand trees, allows for ergonomic loading operations, and reduces environmental damage to soil and vegetation.
___
- Akay AE (2005). Using farm tractors in small-scale forest harvesting operations. J Appl Sci Res 1: 196–199.
- Akay AE, Erdas O, Sessions J (2004). Determining productivity of mechanized harvesting machines. J Appl Sci 4: 100–105.
- Altun K, Dereli T, Baykasoğlu A (2013). Development of a framework for customer co-creation in NPD through multiissue negotiation with issue trade-offs. Expert Syst Appl 40: 873–880.
- Bruno F, Muzzupappa M (2010). Product interface design: a participatory approach based on virtual reality. Int J Hum Comp St 68: 254–269.
- Chen YH and Su CT (2006). A Kano-CKM model for customer knowledge discovery. Total Qual Manage 17: 589–608.
- Di Gironimo G, Franciosa P, Gerbino S (2009a). A RE-CAE methodology for re-designing free shape objects interactively. Int J Interact Des Manuf 3: 273–283.
- Di Gironimo G, Lanzotti A (2009). Designing in VR. Int J Interact Des Manuf 3: 51–53.
- Di Gironimo G, Lanzotti A, Melemez K, Renno F (2012b). A topdown modeling based approach for the virtual redesign and the ergonomic optimization of an agricultural tractor’s driver cab. ASME 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Nantes, France.
- Di Gironimo G, Lanzotti A, Vanacore A (2006). Concept design for quality in virtual environment. Comput Graph 30: 1011–1019. Di Gironimo G, Matrone G, Tarallo A, Trotta M, Lanzotti A (2012c). A virtual reality approach for usability assessment: case study on a wheelchair-mounted robot manipulator. Eng Comput 29: 359–373.
- Di Gironimo G, Patalano S (2008). Re-design of a railway locomotive in virtual environment for ergonomic requirements. Int J Interact Des Manuf 2: 47–57.
- Di Gironimo G, Patalano S, Tarallo A (2009b). Innovative assembly process for modular train and feasibility analysis in virtual environment. Int J Interact Des Manuf 3: 93–101.
- Di Gironimo G, Pelliccia L, Siciliano B and Tarallo A (2012d). Biomechanically-based motion control for a digital human. Int J Interact Des Manuf 6: 1–13.
- Engür MO (2011). Odun Üretiminde Çalışanlar için El Kitabı]. Bolu, Turkey: Bolu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü (in Turkish).
- Gadd K (2011). TRIZ For Engineers: Enabling Inventive Problem Solving. Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Gustafsson A, Ekdahl F, Edvardsson B (1999). Customer focused service development in practice: a case study at Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS). Int J Serv Ind Manag 10: 344–358.
- Hamper J, Mason D (1997). Designs and Specifications for a Standard Trailer and Hitch for Labour-based Works. International Labour Organization, Advisory Support Information Services and Training (ILO/ASIST).
- Hari A, Kasser JE, Weiss MP (2007). How lessons learned from using QFD led to the evolution of a process for creating quality requirements for complex systems. Sys Eng 10: 45–63.
- Hauser JR, Clausing D (1988). The house of quality. Harvard Bus Rev May–June: 63–73.
- Horvat D, Spinelli R, Susnjar M (2005). Resistance coefficients on ground-based winching of timber. Croat J For Eng 29: 3–11.
- Jiangnan L, Shixiong Z (2011). Study on vehicle-mounted snowremover & deicer for trees based on TRIZ. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering, 15–17 April 2011, Wuhan, China.
- Jones DH (1996). The Adaptation of Agricultural Tractors for Forestry. UK Forestry Commission, Forest Research, Technical Development Branch, Technical Note 24/95.
- Tunay M (2006). The assessment of environmentally sensitive forest road construction in calabrian pine forest areas of Turkey. J Environ Biol 27: 529–535.
- Whitney D (2004). Mechanical Assemblies: Their Design, Manufacture, and Role in Product Development. New York, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.
- Whitney D, Mantripragada R, Adams J, Rhee S (1999). Designing assemblies. Res Eng Des 11: 228–253.
- Wu TD (2004). The study of problem solving by TRIZ and Taguchi methodology in automobile muffler designation. TRIZ J March: 1–21.
- Xinjun Z (2003). Develop new kind of plough by using TRIZ and robust design. TRIZ J June: 1–5.