Otel Çalışanlarının İşkoliklik ve Yenilikçi İş Anlayışı Düzeylerinin İş Tatminleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, otel çalışanlarının işkoliklik ve yenilikçi iş anlayışı düzeylerinin iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Ayrıca otel çalışanlarının sosyo-demografik özellikleri ile işkoliklik, yenilikçi iş anlayışı ve iş tatmini düzeyleri üzerinde farklılıklar olup olmadığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Konya’da faaliyet gösteren dört ve beş yıldızlı otel çalışanlarına yönelik anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre katılımcıların genel işkoliklik 3,4900 ± 0,76751 (min:1-mak:5), yenilikçi iş anlayışı düzeyleri 3,9652±0,69410 (min:1-mak:5), iş tatmini ölçeği 3,4544±0,95408 (min:1-mak:5)’dir. Otel çalışanlarının işkoliklik ile yenilikçi iş anlayışı arasında; işkoliklik ile iş tatmini arasında ve yenilikçi iş anlayışı ile iş tatmini arasında aynı yönlü ve orta düzey bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Ayrıca otel çalışanların işkoliklik düzeylerinin ve yenilikçi iş anlayışı düzeylerinin iş tatmini üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. İşkolikliğin iş tatmininin %21,40’lık kısmını; yenilikçi iş anlayışının da iş tatmininin %23,7’lik kısmını açıkladığı görülmektedir.

Investigation of the Effect of Hotel Employees' Workaholism and Innovative Work

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of workaholic and innovative work behavior levels of hotel staff on job satisfaction. In addition, it has been tried to reveal whether there are differences between the socio-demographic characteristics of hotel employees and their workaholism, innovative work behavior and job satisfaction levels. For this purpose, a survey has been conducted for four- and five-star hotel employees operating in Konya. According to the results of the research, the general workaholism of the participants is 3.4900 ± 0.76751 (min: 1- max: 5), their level of innovative work behavior is 3.9652 ± 0.69410 (min: 1-max: 5), job satisfaction scale is 3.4544 ± 0.95408 (min: 1-max: 5). A similar and medium-level relationship has been found between hotel employees' workaholism and their innovative work behavior, between workaholism and their job satisfaction, and between their innovative business mentality and their job satisfaction. In addition, it is seen that the workaholism levels and innovative work behavior of hotel employees have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. 21.40% of the job satisfaction of the workaholism; it is seen that innovative work behavior explains 23.7% of job satisfaction.

PDF

___

Akın, A., Hamedoğlu, M. A., Sarıcam, H., Akın, U., Kılıç, M., Özendir, D. and Bayrakçı, E. (2013). The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Workaholism Scale. 2nd International Symposium on Chaos, Complexity and Leadership, 17-19 December 2013, Ankara, Turkey.
Akıncı, Z. (2002). Turizm Sektöründe İşgören İş Tatminini Etkileyen Faktörler: Beş Yıldızlı Konaklama İşletmelerinde Bir Uygulama, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(4): 1-25.
Alpar, R. (2010). Applied Statistic and Validation-Reliability, Florida: Detay Publishing.
Andreassen, C. S. (2014). Workaholism: An Overview and Current Status of the Research, Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(1): 1-11.
Ardıç, K. ve Erbaşaran, Z. (2019). İşkoliklik ve İş Tatmini Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi, Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(4): 334-346.
Arsezen, P. and Kılıçarslan, U. (2017). Relationship Between Workaholic Behavior and Job Satisfaction of Tourism Industry Employees: Intermediary Role of Emotional Commitment to the Organization, Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 4(12): 867-882.
Aziz, S. and Zickar, M. J. (2006). A Cluster Analysis Investigation of Workaholism as A Syndrome, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(1): 52-62.
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. and Burke, R. (2009). Workaholism and Relationship Quality: A Spillover-Crossover Perspective, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14: 23-33.
Bayraktaroğlu, S., Atay, E. and İlhan, H. (2018). Innovative Human Capital and Workaholism as A New HR Strategy? Journal of Economics and Social Research, 5(9): 12-15.
Blair-Loy, M. and Jacobs, J. A. (2003). Globalization, Work Hours, and the Care Deficit Among Stockbrokers, Gender and Society, 17(2): 230-49.
Burke, R. J. and MacDermid, G. (1999). Are Workaholics Job Satisfied and Successful in Their Careers? Career Development International, 4(5): 277-282.
Burke, R. J. (2000). Workaholism Among Women Managers: Personal and Workplace Correlates, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15: 520-530.
Bülbül, T. (2017). Yenilik Yönetimi, (Editörler) Memduhoğlu, H. B. ve Yılmaz, K.: Yönetimde Yeni Yaklaşımlar içinde (ss.44-73) Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
Cherrington, D. J. (1980). The Work Ethic, New York: American Management Association.
Clark, M. A., Michel, J. S., Zhdanova, L., Pui, S. Y. and Baltes, B. B. (2016). All Work and No Play? A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Correlates and Outcomes of Workaholism, Journal of Management, 42(7): 1836–1873.
Çalışkan, A. (2013). İç Odaklı Örgüt Kültürünün Yenilikçi Davranışa Etkisinde Personel Güçlendirmenin Aracılık Rolü, “İş Güç” Endüstri İlişkileri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi, 15(1): 88-112.
Çarıkçı, İ. H. (2000). Çalışanların İş Tatminlerini Etkileyen Kişisel Özellikler: Süpermarket Çalışanları Üzerinde Bir Araştırma. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2): 155-168.
Çıtak, S. (2017). Duygusal Zekâ ile Yenilikçi İş Anlayışı Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Mersin İli Örneği, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Toros Üniversitesi, Mersin.
Demirci, E., Uzkurt, C., Işık, N., Aluftekin, N., Göktepe, H. ve Akdeve, E. (2014). Yenilik Yönetimi, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını.
Derin, N. and Gökçe S. G. (2016). Are Cyberloafers also Innovators? A Study on the Relationship between Cyberloafing and Innovative Work Behavior. 12th International Strategic Management Conference (ISMC), 28–30 October 2016, Antalya, Turkey.
Dhar, R. L. (2015). Service Quality and the Training of Employees: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment, Tourism Management, 46: 419-430.
Drago, R. (2000). Trends in Working Time in the US: A Policy Perspective, Labor Law Journal, 51: 212-18.
Frese, M. (2008). The Changing Nature of Work, (Editor) Chmiel, N.: in Introduction to Work and Organizational Psychology (pp. 397-414) Oxford: Blackwell Publishing
Gorgievski, M. J., Bakker, A. B. and Schaufeli, W. B. (2010). Work Engagement and Workaholism: Comparing the Self-Employed and Salaried Employees, The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5: 83- 96.
Gorgievski, M. J., Moriano, J. A. and Bakker, A. B. (2014). Relating Work Engagement and Workaholism to Entrepreneurial Performance, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(2): 106-121.
Hammer, L. B., Bauer, T. N. and Grandey, A. A. (2003). Work-Family Conflict and Work-Related Withdrawal Behaviors, Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(3): 419-436.
Harpaz, I. and Snir, R. (2003). Workaholism: Its Definition and Nature, Human Relations, 56(3): 291-319.
He, Y., Li, W. and Keung Lai, K. (2011). Service Climate, Employee Commitment and Customer Satisfaction: Evidence from the Hospitality Industry in China, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 23(5): 592-607.
Hulin, C. L. and Judge, T. A. (2003). Job attitudes, (Editors) Borman, W. C. at al.: in Psychology: Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 255-276) Hoboken: Wiley.
Işık, C. ve Meriç, S. (2015). Otel Yöneticilerinin Bireysel Yenilikçi Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi: Van İli Örneği, Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 4(1): 1-16.
İşcan, Ö. F. ve Timuroğlu, M. K. (2007). Örgüt Kültürünün İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Bir Uygulama. [Online] https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/30134 [Erişim Tarihi: 28.06.2020].
Janssen, O. (2000). Job Demands, Perceptions of Effort-Reward Fairness, and Innovative Work Behavior, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73: 287-302.
Jung, H. S. and Yoon, H. H. (2016). What Does Work Meaning to Hospitality Employees? The Effects of Meaningful Work on Employees’ Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Job Engagement, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53: 59-68.
Karaduman, A. (2002). Ekip Çalışmasında, Liderin İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum.
Kastner, M. (2010). Work-Life Balance für Extremjobber, (Editors) Kaiser, S. and Ringlstetter, M.: in Work-Life Balance (pp. 1-27) Berlin: Springer.
Kızıloğlu, M. ve İbrahimoğlu, N. (2013). İç Girişimcilik Olgusunun Yenilik Yapabilme Becerisine Etkisi: Gaziantep'te Faaliyet Gösteren Yenilikçi Örgütlerde Bir Uygulama, Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(3): 105-117.
Killinger, B. (1991). Workaholics: The Respectable Addicts, New York: Simon & Schuster.
Li, X. and Zheng, Y. (2014). The Influential Factors of Employees’ Innovative Behavior and the Management Advices, Journal of Service Science and Management, 7: 446–450.
Liang, Y. W. and Chu, C. M. (2009). Personality Traits and Personal and Organizational Inducements: Antecedents of Workaholism, Social Behavior and Personality, 37(5): 645-660.
Locke, E.A. (1976). The Nature and Causes of Job Satisfaction, (Editor) Dunnette, M. D.: in Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 1297-1349) Chicago: Rand McNally.
Machlowitz, M. (1980). Workaholics: Living with Them, Working with Them, New York: AddisonWesley.
Mäkikangas, A., Schaufeli, W., Tolvanen, A. and Feldt, T. (2013). Engaged Managers are not Workaholics: Evidence from a Longitudinal Personcentered Analysis, Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(3): 135-143.
Moreno-Jiménez, B., Gálvez-Herrera, M., Garrosa-Hernández, E. and Rodríguez-Carvajal, R. (2005). La Adicción al Trabajo, Psicologia Conductual, 13(3): 417-428.
Mosier, S. K. (1983). Workaholics: An Analysis of their Stress, Success and Priorities, Unpublished Masteral Thesis, University of Texas, Austin.
Mudrack, F. E. and Naughton, T. I. (2001). The Assessment of Workaholism as Behavioural Tendencies: Scale Development and Preliminary Empirical Testing, International Journal of Stress Management, 8(2): 93-111.
Oates, W. E. (1971). Confessions of a Workaholic: The Facts about Work Addiction, New York: World Publishing Company.
Öberg, C. and Alexander A. T. (2018). The Openness of Open Innovation in EcosystemsIntegrating Innovation and Management Literature on Knowledge Linkages, Journal of Innovation&Knowledge, 69: 1-10.
Özbağ, G. K. (2012). Örgüt İkliminin Yeniliğe Destek Algısı Üzerindeki Etkilerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(2): 145- 161.
Pınar, İ. ve Arıkan, C. (2015). Örgütsel Öğrenme Yeteneği ile Örgütsel Yenilik Arasındaki İlişki: Tekstil Sektöründe Bir Araştırma, İstanbul Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 44(2): 65-76.
Porter, G. (1996). Organizational Impact of Workaholism. Suggestions for Researching the Negative Outcomes of Excessive Work, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1: 70-84.
Rain, J. S., Lane, I. M. and Steiner, D. D. (1991). A Current Look at the Job Satisfaction/Life Satisfaction Relationship: Review and Future Considerations, Human Relations, 44(3): 287–307.
Robinson, B. E., Carroll, J. J. and Flowers, C. (2001). Marital Estrangement, Positive Affect and Locus of Control among Spouses of Workaholics and Spouses of Nonworkaholics: A National Study, American Journal of Family Therapy, 29: 397-410.
Salanova, M., Del Líbano, M., Llorens, S., Schaufeli, W.B. and Fidalgo, M. (2008). La adicción al trabajo (Workaholism), Nota Técnica de Prevención, 759(22): 1-6.
Sánchez-Medina, A. J., Arteaga-Ortiz, J., Naumchik, R. M. and Pellejero, M. (2020). The Intention to Quit Entrepreneurship in Tourism SMEs: The Effect of Work Addiction, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 89: 1-12.
Schabracq, M. J. and Cooper, C. L. (2000). The Changing Nature of Work and Stress, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(3): 227-41.
Schaufeli, W. B., Taris, T. W. and Van Rhenen, W. (2008). Workaholism, Burnout and Engagement: Three of a Kind or Three Different Kinds of Employee Well-Being? Applied Psychology, 57(2): 173-203.
Schaufeli, W.B., Shimazu, A. and Taris, T.W. (2009). Being Driven to Work Excessively Hard: The Evaluation of a Two-Factor Measure of Workaholism in the Netherlands and Japan, CrossCultural Research, 43(4): 320-348.
Schwartz, H. S. (1982). Job Involvement as Obsession- Compulsion, Academy of Management Review, 7(3): 429-432.
Scottl, K. S., Moore, K. S. and Miceli, M. P. (1997). An Exploration of the Meaning and Consequences of Workaholism, Human Relations, 50(3): 287-314.
Serçeoğlu, N. ve Selçuk, G. N. (2016). Konaklama İşletmelerinde Çalışan Personelin İşkoliklik Eğilimleri ile Hizmet Odaklılık İlişkisi: TRA1 Bölgesinde Bir Araştırma, Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 3(1): 39-55.
Sezgin, O. B., Uçar, Z. ve Duygulu, E. (2015). Güven, Yenilikçi İş Davranışı İlişkisinde Bilgi Paylaşımının Aracılık Rolü, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2): 1-20.
Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B., Kubota, K. and Kawakami, N. (2012). Do Workaholism and Work Engagement Predict Employee Well-being and Performance in Opposite Directions? Industrial Health, 50(4): 316-321.
Snir, R. and Harpaz, I. (2004). Attitudinal and Demographic Antecedents of Workaholism, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17: 520-536.
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes and Consequences, Thousand Oaks: SAGE.
Spence, J. and Robbins, A. (1992). Workaholism: Definition, Measurement, and Preliminary Results, Journal of Personality Assessment, 58: 160-178.
Tang, Y., Shao, Y. F. and Chen, Y. J. (2019). Assessing the Mediation Mechanism of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment on Innovative Behavior: The Perspective of Psychological Capital, Frontiers in Psychology, 10: 1-12.
Tomazevic, N., Seljak, J. and Aristovnik, A. (2014). Factors Influencing Employee Satisfaction in the Police Service: The Case of Slovenia, Personnel Review, 43(2): 209–227.
Töre, E. (2019). Entelektüel Sermayenin Yenilikçi İş Davranışına Etkisinde Bilgi Paylaşımının Aracı Rolü, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(34): 275-485.
Üçüncü, K. (2016). İş Tatmini ve Motivasyon. [Online] https://docplayer.biz.tr/18176069-Is-tatminive-motivasyon.html [Erişim Tarihi: 26.06.2020].
van Beek, I., Taris, T. W. and Schaufeli, W. B. (2011). Workaholic and Work Engaged Employees: Dead Ringers or Worlds Apart? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(4): 468–482.
Van Wijhe, C., Peeters, M. and Schaufeli, W. (2011). Understanding Workaholism and Work Engagement: The Role of Mood and Stop Rules, Career Development International, 16(3): 254-270.
Walz, S. M. and Niehoff, B. P. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: Their Relationship to Organizational Effectiveness, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 24(3): 301-319.
Yıldırım, S. K. (2020). Otel İşletmelerinde Bilgi Paylaşımının Yenilikçi İş Davranışına Etkisinde Dönüştürücü Liderliğin Aracılık Rolü, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(1): 137-157.
Zhdanova, L., Allison, L. K., Pui, S. Y. and Clark, M. A. (2006). A Meta-Analysis of Workaholism Antecedents and Outcomes. SIOP Conference, 5-7 May 2006, Dallas, U.S.A.
Zhong, Z., Hu, D., Zheng, F., Ding, S. and Luo, A. (2018). Relationship between InformationSeeking Behavior and Innovative Behavior in Chinese Nursing Students, Nurse Education Today, 63: 1-5.