Alper DARDENİZ, BABOO ALI, Fadime ATEŞ, Yüksel SAVAŞ, MEHMET ALİ GÜNDOĞDU

Bazı Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitleri ile Amerikan Asma Anaçlarında Yıllık Dalların Odunlaşma Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu araştırma, bazı sofralık üzüm çeşitleri (‘Amasya Beyazı’, ‘Ata Sarısı’, ‘Cardinal’, ‘Italia’, ‘Kozak Beyazı’, ‘Müşküle’, ‘Yalova Çekirdeksizi’ ve ‘Yalova İncisi’) ile Amerikan asma anaçlarında (‘140Ru’, ‘1613C’, ‘1103P’, ‘110R’, ‘5BB’ ve ‘41B’) yıllık dalların odunlaşma düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Üzüm çeşitlerine ait 7,5–9,5 mm kalınlığındaki kalemler ‘ÇOMÜ Dardanos Yerleşkesi’ndeki ‘Sofralık Üzüm Çeşitleri Uygulama ve Araştırma Bağı’ndan, Amerikan asma anaçlarına ait 8,0–9,5 mm kalınlığındaki aşılanabilir çelikler ise ‘Manisa Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü’nden (Manisa/Türkiye) temin edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Vitis cinsinin yıllık dallarındaki odunlaşma (pişkinleşme) düzeyini en iyi ifade eden çap/öz ve ksilem/öz gibi parametre oranları çeşit, anaç ve yıllar bazında değişim göstermiş, Amerikan asma anaçlarının yıllık dallarındaki parametre oranlarının, üzüm çeşitlerinin yıllık dallarına kıyasla çok daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durumun, kalem alınan üzüm çeşitleri üzerindeki ürün yükünün anaçlara kıyasla çok daha yüksek olmasından ve genetik farklılıktan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Amerikan asma anacı, Vitis vinifera L., üretim materyali kalitesi, odunlaşma, çap/öz, ksilem/öz.

Cane Lignification Levels of Some Table Grape Cultivars and American Vine Rootstocks

The present study was conducted to determine the lignification levels of canes of some table grape cultivars (‘Amasya Beyazi’, ‘Ata Sarisi’, ‘Cardinal’, ‘Italia’, ‘Kozak Beyazi’, ‘Muskule’, ‘Yalova Cekirdeksizi’ and ‘Yalova Incisi’) and American vine rootstocks (‘140Ru’, ‘1613C’, ‘1103P’, ‘110R’, ‘5BB’ and ‘41B’) during the years 2013 and 2014. The 7.5–9.5 mm thick scions of table grape cultivars were supplied from ‘Table Grapes Research and Implementation Vineyard’ of ‘COMU Dardanos Campus’ and 8.0–9.5 mm grafting cuttings of American vine rootstocks were supplied from ‘Manisa Viticulture Research Institute’ (Manisa/Turkey). Results revealed that cane lignification levels of Vitis species were best represented by width/core and xylem/core ratios and such ratios significantly varied based on cultivars, rootstocks and years. Parameters ratios of American vine rootstocks were much higher than the ratios of table grape cultivars. Such a case was because of genetic differences and much higher fruit cluster loads of grape cultivars than the rootstocks.

Keywords:

American vine rootstock, Vitis vinifera L., production material quality, lignification, width/core, xylem/core.,

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