Muhammed Alim YILMAZ, Cengiz YÜRÜRDURMAZ, Rukiye KARA, Duygu KAZANCI, Songül YILMAZ, Yasemin KEÇECİOĞLU, Aydın AKKAYA

Bitkisel Malç Miktarının Ekmeklik Buğdayda Biyomas, Tane Verimi ve Hasat İndeksi Üzerindeki Lineer ve Kuadratik Etkileri

Buğday tarımında bitkisel malç uygulaması toprak organik maddesi ve kalitesinin, su kullanım etkinliğinin, verim ve verim unsurlarının artırılması yönünden önemli yararlar sağlamaktadır. İklim ve toprak özellikleri, malç tipi, miktarı, uygulama şekli ve zamanı gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak malç materyallerinin etkinliği önemli derecede değişebilmektedir. Malç uygulamalarının Adana 99 ekmeklik buğday çeşidi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla Kahramanmaraş koşullarında 2018-2019 yılında bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Malç olarak buğday samanı kullanılmış, 4 farklı miktarda (0, 300, 600 ve 900 kg da-1) ve 3 farklı zamanda (ekimden hemen sonra, sapa kalkma başlangıcında, gebecik döneminde) uygulama yapılmıştır. Deneme, faktöriyel düzenleme yapılarak, tesadüf blokları deneme planına göre, 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Bu makalede, kantitatif faktör olan malç miktarı esas alınarak biyomas, tane verimi ve hasat indeksi üzerindeki lineer ve kuadratik etkiler incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, malç miktarının biyomas üzerindeki lineer etkisinin önemsiz, kuadratik etkisinin önemli, tane verimi ve hasat indeksi üzerindeki lineer ve kuadratik etkilerin her ikisinin de önemli olduğu ve 300 kg/da malç miktarının yeterli olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

buğday, bitkisel malç, biyomas, tane verimi, hasat indeksi, lineer ve kuadratik etkiler

The Linear and Quadratic Effects of the Amount of Straw Mulching on Biomass, Grain Yield and Harvest Index of Bread Wheat

The straw mulching in wheat production provides important benefits in terms of improving the soil organic matter and quality, the water use efficiency, yield and yield components. The efficiency of the mulching materials could be significantly changed by the factors such as soil and climate conditions, the type, amount, application method and time of the mulching materials. The field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of straw mulching on bread wheat cultivar Adana 99 during 2018-2019 crop season in Kahramanmaraş conditions. The wheat straw as mulch material was used and applied in 4 different rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 t ha-1) and at 3 different stages (soon after planting, at the beginning of stem elongation and jointing stage). The research was carried out as factorial arrangement on the randomized complete block design with 3 replications. In this article, mulch amount as quantative factor was based and the effects of linear and quadratic on biomass, grain yield and harvest index were investigated. It was concluded that the quadratic effect on biomass was significant, while linear effect nonsignificant, both the linear and quadratic effects on grain yield and harvest index were significant and the amount of 3 t/ha straw mulch could be applicable.

Keywords:

wheat, straw mulching, biomass, grain yield, harvest index, linear and quadratic effects,

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