Liseli Ergenler ve Üniversiteli Gençlerde Benlik Saygısı: Ebeveyn ve Akrana Bağlanma, Empati ve Psikolojik Uyum Değişkenlerinin Rolü

Ebeveyne ve akrana güvenli bağlanmanın ergenin empatik ilgileri ve sosyal davranışsal özellikleri yoluyla benlik saygısına olan etkileri görece yeni araştırılan bir konudur. Ebeveyn ve akrana bağlanma, ve olumlu/olumsuz sosyal davranışlar ile benlik saygısı ve empati arasındaki ilişkilerden yola çıkarak Laible, Carlo, ve Roesch (2004), bir model önererek farklı etnik kökenlerden Amerikalı kız ve erkek ergenler üzerinde modeli sınamışlardır. Araştırmamızın temel amacı, bu modelde yer alan ilişkileri Türk ergen ömekleminde sınamaktır. Araştırmaya Ankara'da okuyan 438 ergen katılmıştır. Liseli ergenler 204 (104 erkek, 100 kız), üniversite örneklemi ise 234 kişidir (83 erkek, 151 kız). Araştırmada katılımcılara Benlik Algısı Ölçeği (Ergen ve Üniversite Öğrencisi formu), Kişilerarası Tepkisellik İndeksi, Ebeveyn ve Akranlara Bağlanma Ölçeği, Olumlu Sosyal ve Saldırgan Davranışlar Ölçeği, Olumlu Sosyal Davranış Yönelimi Ölçeği ve Saldırganlık Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli analizleri lisede okuyan kız ve erkşk ergenlere ait modellerdeki yolların oldukça benzer olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Modellerdeki temel farklılık ise erkeklerde akrana ve ebeveyne bağlanmanın benlik saygısını doğrudan yordaması, kızlarda ise bu doğrudan ilişkinin yalnızca ebeveyne bağlanma ve benlik saygısı arasında olmasıdır. Üniversite ömekleminde ise kız ve erkeklere ait modeller farklılaşmamış, bu nedenle genel bir model oluşturulmuştur. Lisedeki ergenlerle karşılaştırıldığında bu modeldeki temel farklılık akrana ve ebeveyne bağlanma arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkmasıdır. Bu bulgular orijinal çalışmanın da bulgularıyla karşılaştırılarak literatür bağlamında tartışılmıştır.

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