Teknoloji ve Bilgi Çağında Müzeler: Genel Bakış

Bilgisayar ve internetin hayatımızın pek çok alanında yer aldığı günümüzde, insan doğasının en yaratıcı taraflarını nesillere aktaran kültürel bellek kurumlarının bu araçları kullanmaması olanaksız görülmelidir. Kültürel bellek kurumlarından olan müzeler de zaman içerisinde değişmekte ve yeni teknolojilerden faydalanarak koleksiyonlarını kullanıcı odaklı ve daha erişilebilir hâle getirmektedir. Böylelikle müzeler, bilgi teknolojilerini ve sosyal medyanın getirdiği imkânları iş süreçlerine uyarlamış; katılımcı sergiler ve organizasyonlar düzenleyerek, sohbet ve tartışmalarla daha geniş, küresel kitleden potansiyel ziyaretçi edinmeyi ve müzenin etrafında ilgi alanlarına sahip topluluklar oluşturarak sürdürülebilir olmayı hedeflemiştir (Tuğbay, 2012, s. 6). Bu çalışmada, müzelerin bu yeni teknolojilerin sunmuş olduğu fırsatları uygulamalarına nasıl adapte ettikleri literatür üzerinden dünya ölçeğinde incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Türkiye’de Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığına bağlı 107 müze müdürlüğüne anket uygulanarak müzelerin dijitalleştirme, sosyal medya kullanımı ve dijital ortam temsiliyetleri gibi konulardaki uygulamalarına bakılmıştır. Bulgulara göre, ankete cevap veren 63 müzeden 56’sında dijitalleştirme yapılmamaktadır. Bu kurumlardan yalnızca 23’ünün kendisine ait bir web sitesi bulunmaktadır. Ankete cevap veren kurumların yarısı ise sosyal medyada görünür değildir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, veriler bağlamında Bakanlığa bağlı müzelerin bilgi teknolojileri ve interneti etkili kullanmada çekimser kaldıkları söylenebilir.

Museums in the Age of Technology and Information: Overview

In today’s world, where computers and the internet are involved in many areas of our lives, cultural memory institutions that transfer the most creative aspects of human nature to  generations should not be seen as impossible to use these tools. Museums from cultural memory institutions also change over time and make their collections user-oriented and more accessible by taking advantage of new technologies. Thus, museums adapted the opportunities brought by information technologies and social media to business processes; by organizing participatory exhibitions and organizations, they aimed to attract potential visitors from a wider global audience through conversations and discussions and to maintain existing interest by creating communities with interests around the museum (Tuğbay, 2012, p. 6). In this study, how museums adapt the opportunities offered by these new technologies to their applications has been examined through the literature on a world scale. In addition, digitization in the museums, usage of social media, and digital platforms has been investigated applying the survey on the 107 museums affiliated the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in Turkey. According to the findings, 56 of 63 museums responding to the survey are not digitized their collection. Only 23 museums from these institutions have their own website. Half of the institutions that responded to the survey are not visible on social media. As a result of study, it can be said that the museums affiliated to the Ministry are reluctant to use information technologies and the internet efficiently.

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