DOĞAL ALANLARI KORUMA: AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİNDE MİLLİ PARKLARIN OLUŞUM SÜRECİ VE İDARESİ

Bu çalışma Amerika Birleşik Devletlerindeki (ABD) milli parklarla ilgili üç hususu açıklığa kavuşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. İlk olarak, ABDde milli parkların oluşum süreci ve milli park fikrinin babası sayılan John Muirin düşünceleri ortaya konulmaktadır. İkinci olarak, milli parklardaki hizmetlerin vatandaşa sunumundan sorumlu olan Milli Park İdaresinin (National Park Service) kuruluşu ve evrimi ele alınmıştır. Üçüncü olarak, ABDde milli parkların karşılaştığı tehditler ve bu tehditleri ortadan kaldırmak için yönetimin uyguladığı politikalar açıklanmış; Türkiye açısından milli park hizmetlerinin daha etkili olması, milli parkların daha iyi korunması ve geliştirilmesi için faydalı olacağı değerlendirilen tedbirler sıralanmıştır.

PROTECTING NATURAL AREAS: CREATION AND MANAGEMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS IN THE UNITED STATES

This article aims to clarify three aspects of the national parks in the United States. First, this article aims to explore the historical background of national parks, and provide the philosophical explanations of John Muir, the father of national parks, to justify the creation. Second, this article explains the steps in the creation of National Parks Service in the US, the main body responsible for the running park services in the national parks. Third, this study touches upon the threats to the national park system in the US and provides the solutions that management has followed to eradicate these problems. At the end, in the light of the US experience, the precautions that are expected to lead a more effective national park system and the policies that might protect and improve national parks in Turkey are mentioned.

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