İmanverdi EKBERLİ, Coşkun GÜLSER, Orhan DENGİZ

Aluviyal Depositler Üzerinde Oluşmuş Genç ve Gelişmekte Olan Toprakların Isı Akışı ve Isı Miktarının İncelenmesi

Toprak horizonlarındaki ısı akışı ve ısı miktarı, çeşitli toprak ordolarının pedogenik süreçlerine, toprakta biriken potansiyel enerji değişimine, enerji bilançosunun oluşumuna, diğer faktörlerle beraber önemli düzeyde etki yapan temel termo-fiziksel parametrelerdendir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, yarı humid ekolojik koşullar altında ve aluviyal depositler üzerinde oluşmuş genç (Entisol) ve gelişmekte olan (Inceptisol) toprakların profillerinde ölçülen sıcaklık değerlerine bağlı olarak, ısı akışının ve ısı miktarının belirlenmesidir. Inceptisol toprakların genetik horizon gelişimine bağlı olarak Entisol topraklarla karşılaştırıldığında, ısı akışı ve ısı miktarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Inceptisol ordosuna ait Vertic Haplustept ve Typic Haplustept toprak profillerinde ısı akışı ve ısı miktarı sırasıyla 13.221-50.035 watt m-2 ve 2.285∙106-8.646∙106 J m-2; 7.757-29.284 watt m-2 ve 1.340∙106-5.060∙106 J m-2 aralıklarında değişmektedir. Entisol ordusunun ait topraklarda (Typic Ustifluvent, Mollic Ustifluvent-1, Mollic Ustifluvent-2) ise ısı akışının 8.958-34.300 watt m-2, ısı miktarının 1.548∙106-5.927∙106 J m-2 aralığında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, her iki ordoya ait topraklarda derinlik artışına bağlı olarak ısı akışı ve ısı miktarı azalmıştır. Meydana gelen bu değişimin, ordolara ait horizonlardaki kil, ve organik madde miktarları ile toprakların hacim ağırlıklarındaki farklılıkların ısı akışı ve ısı miktarı üzerinde önemli düzeyde etkilemesinden ileri geldiği düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, herhangi zaman aralığında sıcaklık farkının değişimi; hacimsel ısı kapasitesi, ısısal yayınım ve ısı iletkenliği arasındaki karşılıklı etkileşim horizonlardaki ısı akışı ve ısı miktarını önemli düzeyde etkilemektedir.

An Investigation on Heat Flow and Quantity of Heat Young and Developing Soils formed on Alluvial Deposit

The heat flow and quantity, which are the basic thermo-physical parameters, impact pedogonic processes of different soil types, energy potential changes accumulated in soil and formation of energy balance, along with other factors. This study aims to determine thermal conductivity and quantity of heat depending upon temperature values wihin profiles of newly formed (entisol) and currently developing (inceptisol) soils on aluvial depisits under semihumid ecological conditions. It has been determined that thermal conductivity and amount of heat within inceptisol soil depending upon its genetic horizon development are higher than that in entisol soils. The heat flow and heat amount in horizons of Vertic Haplustept and Typic Haplustept soils, which belong to inceptisol soil type, varied within 13.221-50.035 watt m-2, 2.285∙106-8.646∙106 J m-2 and 7.757-29.284 watt m-2, 1.340∙106-5.060∙106 J m-2 intervals, respectively. Also, the heat flow in entisol soils (Typic Ustifluvent, Mollic Ustifluvent-1, Mollic Ustifluvent-2) varied between 8.958 watt m-2 and 34.300 watt m-2 interval, while amount of heat values within those soils varied between 1.548∙106 J m-2 and 5.927∙106 J m-2 interval. Also, heat flow and heat amount in both soils types reduced as the soil depth increased. The above mentioned variances was thought to be occurred due to differences between quantity of clay, organic matter in horizons of those soils and particle density, which have significant impact on thermal conductivity and heat amount. Besides, mutual interferences between variances in temperature difference in certain time period, dimensional heat preservation capacity, thermal diffusion and thermal conductivity significantly affect heat flow and heat amount.

Keywords:

Inceptisol and Entisol soils, , heat flow, , heat quantity, , thermal diffusion, thermal conductivity, , soil temperature,

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