Toprağın bazı ısı parametrelerinin maksimum toprak sıcaklığıyla ilişkisi

Toprak özelliklerinin değişimi, bitki gelişimi için optimum toprak ortamının oluşturulması, toprak oluşum süreçlerinin açıklanması vb. topraktaki maksimum sıcaklıkla ilişkili olup, topraktaki maksimum sıcaklığın teorik ve deneysel olarak belirlenmesi gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, toprağın ısı iletkenliği denkleminin çözümünden elde edilen maksimum toprak sıcaklığının analitik ifadesinin uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir. Teorik olarak maksimum toprak sıcaklığının, toprak derinliğinin ortalama sıcaklığının, birim alandan geçen ısı miktarının, kütle yoğunluğunun, özgül ısı kapasitesinin ve derinliğin bir fonksiyonu olduğu gösterilmiştir. Toprağın 0-50 cm derinliğinde ölçülen ve hesaplanan maksimum sıcaklıklar sırasıyla 16.6-35.8 °C ve 16.4-38.4 °C aralıklarında; birim alandan geçen ısı miktarı 3.716•106-17.857•106 J m-2 aralığında; özgül ısı kapasitesi ise 950.404 J kg-1 °C-1 olarak saptanmıştır. Ölçülen ve hesaplanan maksimum toprak sıcaklıkları arasındaki ilişki yüksek (R2=0.9106) bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, nispi hatanın 0.012-0.148 aralığında; ortalama nispi hata ise 0.086 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Toprağın ısı iletkenlği denklemi, ısı miktarı, özgül ısı kapasitesi

The relationship of some heat parameters of the soil with the maximum soil temperature

Change of soil properties, creation of optimum soil environment for plant growth, explanation of soil formation processes etc. It is related to the maximum temperature in the soil and it is necessary to determine the maximum temperature in the soil theoretically and experimentally. In this study, the applicability of the analytical expression of the maximum soil temperature obtained from the solution of the thermal conductivity equation of the soil was investigated. Theoretically, it has been shown that the maximum soil temperature is a function of the average temperature of the soil depth, the amount of heat passing through a unit area, mass density, specific heat capacity, and depth. The maximum temperatures measured and calculated at 0-50 cm depth of the soil are in the ranges of 16.6-35.8°C and 16.4-38.4°C, respectively; the amount of heat passing through the unit area is in the range of 3.716•106-17.857•106 J m-2; the specific heat capacity was determined as 950.404 J kg-1 °C-1. The correlation between the measured and calculated maximum soil temperatures was found to be high (R2=0.9106). Also, the relative error is in the range of 0.012-0.148; mean relative error was determined as 0.086.

Keywords:

Equation of thermal conductivity of soil, amount of heat, specific heat capacity,

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