Doğu Akdeniz'de Deniz Yetki Alanlarının Sınırlandırılması Uyuşmazlığı: Hakkaniyet İlkelerine Dayalı Türk Tezi

2000'li yılların başından itibaren hidrokarbon rezervlerinin keşfedilmesiyle Doğu Akdeniz, küresel ve bölgesel aktörlerin ilgi odağı haline gelmiştir. Petrol ve doğalgaz kaynaklarının keşfedilmesinin ardından, bazı kıyı devletleri deniz sınırlandırma anlaşmaları imzalamıştır. Ancak, bölgenin coğrafi olarak dar bir deniz olması nedeniyle tarafların ihtilaflı deniz yetki alanları çeşitli siyasi sorunlara neden olmuştur. Doğu Akdeniz’deki siyasi sorunların (Kıbrıs sorunu, Arap-İsrail çatışması, vb.) önemli bir boyutu da Türkiye, Yunanistan, Kıbrıs (GKRY ve KKTC), İsrail, Mısır, Libya, Suriye, Lübnan ve Birleşik Krallık’ın Doğu Akdeniz’deki tartışmalı deniz yetki alanları ile ilgilidir. Bu husus Kıbrıs Adası çevresinde açık deniz doğalgaz ve petrol arama faaliyetleri nedeniyle daha da önemli bir hal almıştır. Bu çerçevede, bu makale bölgedeki deniz alanlarının sınırlandırılmasını ve son zamanlardaki hidrokarbon arama faaliyetlerini analiz edecektir. Uluslararası deniz hukuku ilkeleri açısından Doğu Akdeniz’de deniz yetki alanlarının sınırlandırılmasında daha çok Türk tezi üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.

The Delimitation Dispute of the Maritime Jurisdiction Areas in the Eastern Mediterranean: Turkish Perspective Based on the Equitable Principles

With the exploration of hydrocarbon reserves since the early 2000s, the Eastern Mediterranean has become the focus of attention of global and regional actors. Following the exploration of oil and gas resources, some littoral states signed maritime delimitation agreements. However, due to the fact that the region is geographically a narrow sea, the disputed maritime jurisdiction areas of the parties caused several political problems. One important aspect of the political disputes in the Eastern Mediterranean (Cyprus problem, Arab-Israeli conflict, etc) is related with the undecided maritime jurisdiction areas in the region. This dispute is between Greece, Turkey, Cyprus (North and South), Israel, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Lebanon and the UK in the Eastern Mediterranean. This problem has become more important with the offshore hydrocarbon explorations (oil and gas) carried out around Cyprus. In this context, this article will analyse the delimitation of the maritime areas in the region and the recent hydrocarbon exploration activities. It will mostly focus on the Turkish view about the delimitation of maritime jurisdiction areas in the Eastern Mediterranean in terms of principles of international law of the sea.

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