ŞEKİL HAFIZALI POLİMERLER VE TEKSTİL UYGULAMALARI

Şekil hafızalı polimerler, çevresel uyaranların etkisi ile özelliklerinde belirgin değişiklikler gösterebilen akıllı malzemelerdir. Son yıllarda, akıllı tekstiller grubunda yer alan şekil hafızalı polimerlerle ilgili çalışmalarda, çoğunlukla sıcaklık ve su/nem duyarlılığayoğunlaşılmıştır. Literatürdeki çalışmalarda şekil hafızalı polimerlerin tekstil uygulamaları lif çekimi, iplik ve kumaş oluşumu, film,kaplama, laminasyon ve bitim işlemlerinden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, şekil hafızalı polimerlerin yapı ve şekiL hafızamekanizmalarının yanı sıra, bu özelliğin polimerden tekstil malzemesine dönüşümü ile ilgili uygulamalar da ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Ayrıca şekil hafızalı polimerlerin belirtilen tekstil üretim proseslerindeki kısıtlamaları ile yakın gelecekteki potansiyeluygulamaları da tartışılmıştır.

SHAPE MEMORY POLYMERS and TEXTILE APPLICATIONS

: Shape memory polymers are s mart material s that could xhibit significant changes in their prop erties with effect of environmental stimuli. In recent years, stud es covering shape memory polymers, a branch of smart textil s, have focu sed on temperature and water/humidity ensitivity. In literature, textile applicatio ns of shape m emory polym ers consist of fibre spinnin g, yarn and fabric formatio n, film, coati g, lamination and finishing application . In this study, structural a nd shape me mory mechanisms of shape memory polymers were explained and ap plications re lated to transformation of shape memor y property fro m polymer to textile material were examined in detail. Furthermor , limitations of shape me ory polymers in the mentioned textile production processes and their potential applications in near future w ere also disc ussed.

PDF

___

Leng, J. S., L n, X., Liu, Y. J., & Du, S. Y. (2011), Shape-memory Polymers an d Their Composites: Stimulus Metho ds and Applications, Progress in Materials Science, 56, 1077-113 .
Liu, C., Qin, H., & Mather, P. T. (2007), Review of Progress in Shape-memory Polymers, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17, 1543-1558.
Lendlein, A., & Langer, R. (2002), Biodeg adable, Elasti Shape-memory Poly mers for Potent ial Biomedical Applications, Science, 296, 1673-16 6.
Ratna, D., & Karger-Kocsis, J. (2008), Recent Advances in Shape Memory Polymers and C omposites: A Review, Journal of Materials Scie nce, 43, 254-2 69.
Jiang, H. Y., Kelch, S., & L endlein, A. (2006), Polymers Move in Response to Light, Advanced Materials, 18, 1471-1475.
Lendlein, A., Jiang, H. Y., Jü nger, O., & La nger, R. (2005), Light-induced Shap -memory Polymers, Nature, 4 34, 879-882.
Cho, J. W., Kim, J. W., J ung, Y. C., & Goo, N. S. (2005), Electroactive Shape-mem ory Polyur ethane Co mposites Incorporating Carbon Nanotubes, Macromolecular Rapid Communicati ons, 26, 412-416.
Luo, X. F., & Mather, P. T . (2010), Con uctive Shape Memory Nanocomposi es for High Speed Electrical Actuation, Soft Matter, 6, 2146-2149.
Liu, Y. J., Lv , H. B., Lan, X., Leng, J. S , & Du, S. Y. (2009), Review of Electro-active Shape-memory Polymer Composite, Composites Science and Technology, 69, 2 064-2068.
Xiao, Y., Zh ou, S. B., Wa ng, L., & Gong, T. (2010), Electro-active Shape Memory Properties of Poly epsilon-caprolactone)/ Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2, 350 6-3514.
Feil, H., Bae Y. H., Feijen , T., & Kim, S. W. (1992), Mutual Influence of pH and Temper ature on the Sw elling of Ioniz able and Thermosensitive Hydrogels, Macromolecul s, 25, 5228-30.
Han, X. J., D ng, Z. Q., Fan , M. M., Liu, Y., Wang, Y. F., Yuan, Q. J., & Zhan , S. (2012), pH ‐induced Shape‐memory Polymers, Macromolecular Rapid Com munications, 3 3(12), 1055-10 60.
Chen, H., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Go ng, T., Wang, L., & Zhou, S. (2014), Highly pH-sensitive Polyure thane Exhibiti ng Shape Memory and Drug Release Polymer Che mistry, 5(17), 5168-5174.
Chen, S. J., Hu, J. L., Yuen, C.-W., & C han, L. (2009), Novel Moisture-sensitive Shape Memory Polyurethanes Containing Pyridine Moie ties, Polymer, 50, 4424-4428.
Chen, S. J., Hu, J. L., & Zhu o, H. T. (2011), Study on the Moisture Absorption o Pyridine Co ntaining Polyurethane for M oisture- responsive Shape Memory Effects, Journal of Materials Science, 46, 6581-658 .
Huang, W. M ., Yang, B., A n, L., Li, C., & Chan, Y. S. (2005), Water-driven Programmab le Polyurethane Shape Memory Polymer: Dem onstration and Mechanism, A pplied Physics Letters, 86, 114105.
Yang, B., Hu ng, W. M., Li, C., Lee, C., Li, L. (2004), On the Effects of Moisture in a Po lyurethane Shape Memory P olymer, Smart Materia ls and Structures, 13, 191-19 .
Yang, B., H ang, W. M., Li, C., & Li, L. (2006), E fects of Moisture on t he Thermo-mec hanical Properties of a Poly rethane Shape Memory Polymer, Pol ymer, 47, 1348-1356.
Mohr, R., Kratz, K., Weigel, T., Lucka-Gabor, M., Moneke, M., & L endlein, A. (2006), Initiation of Shape-memory Effect by I nductive Heating of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Thermo lastic P olymers, Proc eedings of the National Aca emy of Scien ces of t he United States of America, 1 03, 3540-3545.
Schmidt, A. M . (2006), Electromagnetic Activation of Shape emory Polym er Networks Containing Mag netic Nanoparticles, acromolecula r Rapid Comm unications, 27, 1168-1172.
Y u, X. J., Zhou, S. B., Zheng, X. T., Guo, T., Xiao, Y., & Song, B . T. (2009), A Biodegrada ble Shape-mem ory Nanocomposite w ith Excellent Magnetism Sensitivity, N anotechnology, 20, 235702.
Z heng, X. T., Z hou, S. B., Xia o, Y., Yu, X. J., Li, X. H., & Wu, P. Z . (2009), Shape Memory Effect of Po ly(d,l-lactide)/Fe3O4 N anocomposite by Inductive Heating of Magnetite Particles, C olloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 71, 67 -72.
Y u, X., Zhou, S., Zheng, X., Guo, T., Xiao, Y., & Son g, B. ( 2009), A Bio degradable Shape-memory Nanocomposite with E xcellent Magnetism Sensitivity, Nanotec hnology, 20 (23), 235702.
Z hao, Q., Qi, H . J., & Xie, T. (2015), Recen t Progress in Shape emory Polym er: New Be havior, Enabling Materials , and echanistic Understanding, P rogress in Polymer Science, 49, 79-120.
B ehl, M., & Le ndlein, A. (2007), Actively M oving Polymers , Soft atter, 3(1), 58-67.
L endlein, A., & Kelch, S. (2002), Shape‐memory Pol ymers, A ngewandte Chemie Internatio nal Edition, 41(12), 2034-205 7.
B edeloğlu, A. Ç. (2011), Şe kil Hafızalı laşımlar ve Tekstil alzemelerindeki Uygulamaları, Tekstil ve M ühendis, 18(8 3), 27-37.
H u, J., Meng, Q ., Zhu, Y., Lu, J., & Zhuo, H. (2007), U.S. Patent A pplication No. 11/907,012.
L endlein, A., & Langer, R. (20 02), Biodegra able, Elastic S hape-m emory Polymers for Potential Biomedical Applications, Science, 296(5573), 167 -1676.
Scrosati, B. (Ed.). (1993), Applications of El ectroactive Polymers ( Vol. 75). Lond on: Chapman & Hall.
B ar-Cohen, Y. (2001), Proc. 42nd AIAA Structures, Structural D ynamics, and Materials C onf. (SDM), G ossamer Spac ecraft Forum (GSF) (S eattle, WA).
X ie, T., & Xiao, X. (2008), Se lf-peeling Rev ersible Dry Adhesive System, Chemistry of Materials , 20(9), 2866-2 868.
C harlesby, A. (2016), At omic Radiati n and Poly mers: I nternational Series of Monographs on R adiation Effe cts in aterials. Elsev ier.
G all, K., Dunn, M.L., Liu, Y., Finch, D., Lake, M., & Muns hi, N. A . (2002), Sh ape Memory Polymer Nanocomposites, Acta aterialia, 50, 5 115-26.
Sokolowski, W. M., Chmielew ski, A. B., Ha ashi, S., & Yamada, T . (1999), Cold Hibernated Elastic Mem ory (CHEM) Self- D eployable Str ctures SPIE Int. Symp. on mart Structure s and aterials (New port Beach, CA ).
Smela, E., Ing an¨as, O., & Lundstr¨om, I. (1995), Controlled F olding of Micrometer-Size Str uctures, Scien e, 268, 1735-8.
Bar-Cohen, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2008), Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Sensors, MRS Bulletin, 3(3), 173-81.
Hu, J., & Chen, S. (2010), A Review of Actively Moving P olymers in Textile Applications, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20(17), 3346-3355.
Mattila, H. (Ed.). (2006), Intelligent Textiles and C lothing, Woodhead Publishing.
Hu, J., Meng, H., Li, G., & Ibekwe, S. I. (2012). A R view of Stimuli-respo sive Polymers for Smart Textile Applications, Smart Materials and Structures, 21(5), 053001.
Cho, G., Lee S., & Cho, J. (2009), Revi w and Reappr aisal of Smart Clothing, International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 2 (6), 582-617.
Gu, J. F., Gorgutsa, S., & Skorobogatiy, M. (2010), Soft C apacitor Fibers Using Conductive Po lymers for Electronic Textiles, Smart Materials and Structures, 19(11), 115006.
Kongolo, D. (2008), Assignee. Luminescent Textiles WIP O Patent Application W O/2008/14813 8.
Lee, S. and Starner, T. (2 008), Stop Bu rdening Your Eyes: A Wearable Electro-tactile Dis play 12th IEEE Int. Symp. W earable Computers (Pittsburgh, PA).
Sayed, I., Be zowska, J., & Skorobogatiy, M. (2010), Ja cquard-woven Photo nic Bandgap Fiber Displays, Research Jo urnal of Textile and Apparel, 14(4), 9 7-105.
Studstill, K. (2010), Emotion Sensing Dress Release s Mood Driven Scents www.psfk.com/2010/01/ emotion-sensing-dress-releases-mood -driven-scents.html.
Qi, K., Chen , X., & Liu, Y., (2007), Facile Prepar ation of Anatase/SiO2 Spherical Nan ocomposites an d Their Applic ation in Self-cleaning Textiles, Journ al of Materials Chemistry, 17, 3504-8.
Mondal, S. (2008), Phase Ch ange Materials for Smart Tex tiles-An Overview, Applied Thermal Engineering, 2 8, 1536-50.
Hu, J., Zhu, Y ., Lu, J., Yeun g, L. Y., & an d Yeung, K.W. (2007), Uniqueness o Shape Memory Fibers in Comparison with Existing Man-made Fibers, 9th Asian Textile Conf. Federation o f Asian Professional T extile Associa tions (Taiwan).
Li, F., Zhang, X., Hou, J., X u, M., Luo, X., Ma, D., & Ki , B. K., (1997), Studie s on Thermall y Stimulated S hape Memory Effect of Segmented P lyurethanes, J ournal of App lied Polymer Science, 64(8), 1511-1527.
Hu, J., Yang, Z., Yeung, L., Ji, F., & Liu, Y. (2005), Crosslinked Polyurethane with Shap e Memory Properties, Polymer International, 54(5), 854-859.
Luo, H., Liu, Y., Yu, Z., Zhang, S., & Li, B. (2008 , Novel Biodegradable Shape Me mory Material Based on Partial Inclusion Co plex Formati on Between α-Cyclodextrin and Poly (ϵ-caprolacto e), Biomacrom olecules, 9(10), 2573-2577.
Zhang, S., Yu, Z., Govend er, T., Luo, H., & Li, B. (2 008), A Novel Supram olecular Shap e Memory Material Based on Partial α-CD-PEG Inclusion Compl ex. Polymer, 49 (15), 3205-321 0.
Lee, B. S., Chun, B. C., Chung, Y. C., Su l, K. I., & Cho, J. W. (2001), Stru cture and Thermomechanical Properties of Polyurethane Block Copolymers with Shape Memory Effect, Macromolecules, 34(18), 64 31-6437.
Ping, P., Wang, W., Chen , X., & Jing X. (2005), Poly (ε-caprolactone) Polyurethane and its Sh pe-memory Property, Biomacromolecules, 6(2), 58 7-592.
H iraoka, K., T agawa, N., & Baba, K. (200 8), Shape‐memory E ffect Controlled by the Cro slinking Topology in Uniaxially‐ deformed Smectic C* Elastom ers, Macromol cular Chemist ry and Physics, 209(3), 298-307.
N euss, S., Blomenkamp, I., St inforth, R., Boltersdorf, D., J ansen, ., Butz, N., & Knüchel, R. (2009), The Use of a Shape-memory P oly (ε-caprol actone) Dimet hacrylate Network as a Tissue E ngineering Sca ffold, Biomaterials, 30(9), 16 97-1705.
T homsen, D. L., Keller, P., N ciri, J., Pink, R., Jeon, H., Sh enoy, D ., & Ratna, B. R. (2001), Liquid Crys al Elastomers with echanical Pr operties of a Muscle, Macromolecules, 34(17), 5868-5875.
L i, M. H., Kel ler, P., Yang, J., & Albou , P. A. (2004 ), An A rtificial Muscl e with Lamellar Structure ased on a Ne matic Triblock Copolymer, Advance Materials, 16(21), 1922-192 5.
Y an, L., Aggie, C., JinLian, H., & Jing, L., (2007), Shape Memory B ehavior of SM PU Knitted Fa bric, Journal of Zhejiang Univ ersity Science A, 8(5):830-834.
L iu, Y., Lu, J., Hu, J., & Chung, A., (2013), tudy on the Ba gging B ehavior of K nitted Fabrics by Shape Memory Polyure thane F iber, The Jour nal of The Textile Institute, 104(11), 1230-12 36.
Jing, L., & Hu, J., (2010), Study on the Pro perties of Core Spun Yarn and Fab ics of Shape Memory Poly urethane, Fib res & T extiles in East rn Europe, 18, 4 (81), 39-42.
Mondal, S. ( 2009), Recent Developments in Temperature R esponsive Shape Memory P olymers, Mini-Reviews in Organic C hemistry, 6(2), 114-119.
H u, J., Zhu, Y., Huang, H., & Lu, J. (2012), Recent Advances in Shape-memory Polymers: Structure, Mechanism, Functio nality, odeling and A pplications, Progress in Polymer Science, 37(12), 1720-1763.
H u, J. (2007), S hape Memory olymers and Textiles, Elsevier.
H ager, M. D., Bode, S., Web er, C., & Schubert, U. S. ( 2015), Shape Memor y Polymers: Past, Present and uture D evelopments, rogress in Pol ymer Science, 9, 3-33.
Y uan, H., Chen, S., Chen, S., & Ge, Z. (2013), Studies on oisture-sensitive Shape Mem ory Behavior of IPDI-BINA Based P olyurethane. I nternational Journal of Chemical Engineerin g and A pplications, 4(4), 191.
H uang, W. M., Yang, B., An, L., Li, C., & Chan, Y. S. ( 2005), ater-driven Programmable Polyurethane Shape M emory P olymer: Demonstration and Mechanism, Applied Physics L etters, 86(11), 114105.
C hen, S., Hu, J., Yuen, C. W., & Chan, L. (2009), Novel Moi sture-sensitive Shap Memory P lyurethanes ontaining Pyridine oieties, Polym er, 50(19), 4424-4428.
C hae Jung, Y., Hwa So, H., & Whan Cho, J. (2006), W ater‐ responsive Sh pe Memory Polyurethane Block Copo lymer odified with Polyhedral Oli gomeric Silses quioxane, Journal of acromolecula Science, Part B, 45(4), 453-461.
C hen, M. C., T sai, H. W., Ch ang, Y., Lai, W . Y., Mi, F. L., Liu, C . T., & Sung, H. W. (2007), Rapidly Self-e pandable Poly meric Stents with a S hape-memory roperty, Biomacromolecules , 8(9), 2774-2780.
H uang, W. M., Yang, B., Zhao, Y., & Ding, Z. (2010), Thermo- m oisture Responsive Polyurethane Shape-memory Polymer and C omposites: A Review, Journal of Material Chemistry, 20(17), 3367-3381.
Meng, H., & Li, G. (2013), A Review of St muli-responsiv e Shape Memory Poly mer Composites, Polymer, 54(9), 2199-2221.
Qi, X., Yao, X., Deng, S., Zhou, T., & Fu, Q. (2014), Water- induced Shap e Memory Effect of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Polyvinyl A cohol Nanoc omposites, Journal of M aterials Chemistry A, 2(7), 2240-224 9.
Correia, C. O., & Mano, J. F. (2014), Chitosan Scaffolds with a Shape Memory Effect Induc ed by Hydration, Journal of M aterials Chemistry B, 2(21), 3315-3323.
Correia, C. O., Leite, Á. J., & M ano, J. F. (2015), Chitosan/Bioa ctive Glass Nanoparticles Scaffolds with Shape Memory Properties, Carbohy drate Polymer s, 123, 39-45.
Liu, Y., Li, Y ., Yang, G., Z heng, X., & Z hou, S. (2015) , Multi-stimulus-resp nsive Shape -memory Polymer Nanoco mposite Network Cro s-linked by Cellulose Nano rystals, ACS Applied Materials & I terfaces, 7(7), 4118-4126.
Luo, H., Hu, J., & Zhu, Y . (2011), Pol meric Shape Memory Nanocomposi es with Heterogeneou Twin Switches, Macromolecular Chemistry a nd Physics, 212(18), 1981-1986.
Luo, H., Hu, J., & Zhu, Y. (2012), Path-dependent and S elective Multi-shape Recovery of a Polyuret hane/Cellulose whisker Nanocomposi e, Materials L etters, 89, 172- 175.
Dagnon, K. L ., Way, A. E., Carson, S. O., Silva, J., Maia, J., & Rowan, S. J (2013), Controlling the Rate of Water- induced Switching in Mechanicall y Dynamic Cellulose Nanocrystal Composites, acromolecule s, 46(20), 8203-8212.
Zhu, Y., Hu, ., Luo, H., Yo ung, R. J., Deng, L., Zhang, S., & Ye, G. (2012), R apidly Switchable Water-sensitive Shape-memory Cellulose/Ela tomer Nano-c omposites, Soft Matter, 8(8 , 2509-2517.
Yeqiu, L., Jinlian, H., Yong, Z., & Zhuoho ng, Y. (2005), Surface Modification of Cotton Fa bric by Grafting of Polyurethane, Carbohydrate Polymers, 61(3), 276-280.
Hu, J.L., Liu, Y.J., Wang, Q .M., Liu, Y., & Lu, J. (2006), Shape Memory Finishing for Wo ol: Synthesis of Polyuretha ne and Application M ethods, CN Pat 1818198.
Tobushi, H., Hara, H., Yamada, E., & Hayashi, S. (1996), Thermomechanical Properties in a Thin F ilm of Shape Memory Polymer of Polyurethane Series, Smart M aterials and Str uctures, 5(4), 483.
Chen, S., Hu, J., Liu, Y., Li em, H., Zhu, Y ., & Meng, Q. (2007), Effect of M lecular Weig ht on Shape Memory Beha vior in Polyurethane Films, Polyme r International, 56(9), 1128-11 34.
Mondal, S., & Hu, J. L. (2006), Segmented Shape Memory Polyurethane and its W ater Vapor Transport Pr operties, Designed Mo nomers and Pol ymers, 9(6), 5 7-550.
Ding, X. M., Hu, J. L., & Tao, X. M. (2004), Effect of Crystal Melting on Water Vapor Permeabili y of Shape-memory Polyurethane Film, Textile R esearch Journ l, 74(1), 39-43.
Tobushi, H., Okumura, K., Endo, M., Hayashi, S. (2001), Thermomechanical Properties of Polyurethane-shape Memory Polymer Foam, Journal o f Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 12(4), 283-287.
Tobushi, H., himada, D., Hayashi, S., & E ndo, M. (2003), Shape Fixity and hape Recove ry of Polyur ethane Shape-memory Polymer Foams, Proceedin gs of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal o f Materials: De sign and Applications, 217(2), 135-143.
Mondal, S., & Hu, J. L. (2007), Water Vapor Permeabi lity of C otton Fabric s Coated with Shape Me mory Polyurethane, C arbohydrate P olymers, 67(3), 282-287.
B akhshi, R., Darbyshire, A., Evans, J. E., You, Z., Lu, J., & Seifalian, A. M. (2011), Poly meric Coating of Surface Mo dified N itinol Stent w ith Poss-nanocomposite Po ymer, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 86(1 ), 93-105.
L iem, H., Yeun g, L. Y., & Hu, J. L. (2007), A Prerequisite for the E ffective Transfer of the Shap e-memory Effe ct to Cotton F ibers, Smart Materials and Structures, 16(3), 748.
H u, J.L., Zeng, Y., & Yan, H.J. (2003), Influence of Processing C onditions on the Microstructure and Properties of Shape emory Polyurethane Membranes, Textile R esearch Journ al, 73,172-178.
Walczak, J., Chrzanowski, M., & Krucińska, I. (2017), Res earch on a Nonwoven Fabric Made From Multi- block Biodegra dable C opolymer Bas ed on L-Lactide, Glycolide, and Trimet hylene C arbonate with Shape Memory , Molecules, 2 2(8), 1325.
L akhera, N., Frick, C. P., & Griffis, J. C. (2016), Thermo- m echanical Behavior and Structure of Melt B lown Shape-memory P olyurethane Nonwovens, Journal of the Mechanical Behav ior of B iomedical Materials, 62, 545-555.
L iu, Y., Chung , A., Hu, J., & Lv, J. (2007), Shape Memory B ehavior of SMPU Knitted Fabric, Journal of Zhejiang U niversity-Scie nce A, 8(5), 830-834.
Ç akmak, E. G. (2013), “Şekil Hafızalı Poliüretanların P erformansları a Zincir Uzat cı Miktarı Etkisinin Belirlen mesi”, Y üksek Lisans Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
Z hu, Y., Hu, J., Yeung, L. Y., Liu, Y., Ji, F., & Yeung, K. W. ( 2006), Develop ment of Shape Memory Poly urethane Fiber with C omplete Shap e Recoverabilit y, Smart Materials and Stru tures, 15(5), 1385.
Z hu, Y., Hu, J., Yeung, L. ., Lu, J., Me ng, Q., Chen, S., & Y eung, K. W. (2007), Effect of Steaming on Shape Memory P olyurethane F ibers with Various Hard Seg ent Contents, Smart aterials and S ructures, 16(4), 969.
Meng, Q., Hu, ., Zhu, Y., Lu, J., & Liu, Y. (2007), Morphology, P hase Separati n, Thermal and Mechanical Property Diffe rences of Shape Memo y Fibres Prep red by Differe nt Spinning Methods,Smart Materials and Structures, 16(4), 1192.
Meng, Q., H , J., Zhu, Y., Lu, J., Liu, Y. ( 2007), P olycaprolacto e‐based Shape Memory Segm ented P olyurethane F iber, Journal o f Applied Polymer Science, 106(4), 2515-2523.
K aursoin, J., & Agrawal, A. K. ( 007), Melt Spun Thermoresponsive Shape Memory Fibers Based on P olyurethanes: Effect of Drawing and Hea t‐setting on Fiber orphology an d Properties, J ournal of Applied Polymer Science, 103(4), 2172-2182.
Meng, Q., Hu, ., Zhu, Y., Lu, J., & Liu, Y. (2007), Morphology, P hase Separati n, Thermal and Mechanical Property Diffe rences of Shape Memo y Fibres Prep red by Differe nt Spinning Methods, Smart Materials and Structures, 16(4), 1192.
Meng, Q., H , J., Zhu, Y., Lu, J., Liu, Y. ( 2007), P olycaprolacto e‐based Shape Memory Segm ented P olyurethane F iber, Journal o f Applied Polymer Science, 106(4), 2515-2523.
Meng, Q., & Hu, J. (2008), Study on Poly (e‐caprola tone)‐ based Shape Memory Copolymer Fiber Prepared y Bulk Polymerization and Melt Spinning, Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 19(2), 131-13 6.
Meng, Q., & Hu, J. (2008), A Temperature-regulating Fiber Made of PEG-base d Smart Copo lymer, Solar Energy Mater als and Solar Cells, 9 2(10), 1245-12 52.
Meng, Q., Hu, J., Yeung, L. Y., & Hu, Y. ( 2009), The Influence of Heat Treatment on the Properties of Shape Memory Fibers. II. Tensile Pro erties, Dime nsional Stability, Recovery Force Relaxation, a nd Thermomechanical Cyclic Properties, Journal of Applied Poly mer Science, 11 1(3), 1156-11 4.
Meng, Q., & Hu, J. (2008), Influence of Heat Treatment on the Properties of Shape Memory Fibers. I. C rystallinity, Hydrogen Bonding, and Shape Memory Effect, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 109( 4), 2616-2623.
Hu, J. L., Me ng, Q. H., Zh u, Y., Lu, J., & Zhuo, H. T. (2007), Shape Memory Fibers Prepa red by Wet, R action, Dry, M elt, and Electro Spinn ng. US Patent, 11(907,012), 6 .
Yang, Q., & Li, G. (2014) , Investigation into Stress R ecovery Behavior of Shape Memo ry Polyurethane Fiber, Jou rnal of Polymer Scie ce Part B: Pol ymer Physics, 2(21), 1429-1 40.
Hu, J., & Lu, J. (2015), Sh ape Memory Fibers, In Handbook of Smart Textiles (pp. 183-207). Springer Sing apore.
Meng, Q., H , J., & Yeung, L. (2007), A n Electro-active Shape Memory Fibr e by Incorporating Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes, Smart Materia ls and Structures, 16(3), 830.
Meng, Q., Liu, J., Shen, L., Hu, Y., & Han, J. (2009), A Smart Hollow Fila ment with Th ermal Sensitiv e Internal Diameter, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 113(4 , 2440-2449.
Kumar, B., H u, J., & Pan, N. (2016), S mart Medical Stocking Using Mem ry Polymer for Chronic Venous Disorders, Biomaterials, 75, 174-181.
Kumar, B., Hu, J., & Pan , N. (2016), Memory Bandage for Functional C ompression Ma nagement for Venous Ulcers, Fibers, 4(1), 10.
Narayana, H. Hu, J., Kuma r, B., Shang, S., Han, J., Li u, P., & Zhu, Y. (2017), Stress-memo ry Polymeric F ilaments for Advanced Compression Therapy, Jour nal of Materia s Chemistry B , 5(10), 1905-1916.
Debnath, K., & Singh, I. (Eds.). (2017), Primary and Secondary Manufacturing of Polymer M atrix Composites, CRC Press.
Maksimkin, A. V., Kharitonov, A. P., Mostovaya, K. S., Kaloshkin, S. D., Gorshenkov, M. V. Senatov, F. S., & Tcherdyntsev V. V. (2016 ), Bulk Oriented Nanocompo sites of Ultrahigh Molecular Wei ght Polyethylene Reinforce d with Fluorinated Multiwalled C arbon Nanotu es with Nano fibrillar Structure, Co mposites Part B : Engineering, 94, 292-298.
Litvinov, V. M., Xu, J., Melian, C., Demc , D. E., Moller, M., & Simmelink, J. (2011), Morph ology, Chain Dynamics, and Domain Sizes in Hig ly Drawn Ge l-spun Ultrah gh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers at the Final Stages of Drawing b y SAXS, WAXS, and 1H solid-state N MR, Macrom lecules, 44(23), 9254-9266.
Jung, Y. C., K im, J. W., Chu n, B. C., Chun g, Y. C., & Ch o, J. W. (2004), Shape Memory Poly urethane Nanofibers, Quality Textiles for Quality Life Vols 1, 4, 43 -46.
Z huo, H., Hu, ., Chen, S., & Yeung, L. (2 008), Preparation of P olyurethane Nanofibers by E lectrospinning, Journal of Applied Polymer Scienc e, 109(1), 406- 411.
Z huo, H. T., H u, J. L., Chen, S. J., & Zhu, Y. (2008), St udy of Shape Memory Nanofibre No nwoven Fabrics, In proceedi ngs of t he Internationa l Conference on Advanced Textile Materials & anufacturing Technology (pp . 463-6).
Z huo, H., Hu, J., & Chen, S. (2011), St udy of the Th ermal P roperties of Shape Me mory Polyurethane Nanof ibrous N onwoven, Journal of Materials Science, 46(10).
So, J. H., Jung, S. H., J., Y on, K. J. and Cho, J. W. ( 2004), Q uality Textiles for Quality Li fe, Vols. 1-4, 121.
Z huo, H., Hu, J., & Chen, S. (2011), Study of Water Vapor P ermeability o f Shape Memory Polyur thane Nanof ibrous N onwovens, Te tile Research J ournal, 81(9), 883-891.
H an, H. R., Chung, S. E., & Park, C. H. (2 013), Shape Memory and Breathable Waterproo f Properties of Polyure thane N anowebs, Textile Research Jo urnal, 83(1), 76-82. ISO 690.
C hung, S. E., Park, C. H., Y u, W. R., & Kang, T. J. ( 2011), Thermoresponsive Shape Memory Characteristics of Polyure thane E lectrospun We b, Journal of Applied Poly er Science, 120(1), 492-500.
C ha, D. I., Kim , H. Y., Lee, K. H., Jung, Y . C., Cho, J. W., & C hun, B. C. (2 005), Electrosp un Nonwoven of Shape‐memory P olyurethane B lock Copolymers. Journal f Applied Po lymer Science, 96(2), 460-465.
C hen, S., Hu, J. , Zhuo, H., & C hen, S. (2011), Effect of MDI-BDO H ard Segment on Pyrid ine-containing Shape Memory P olyurethanes, Journal of Mat rials Science, 46(15), 5294-5 304.
Z huo, H., Hu, J., & Chen, S. (2008), Elect ospun Polyure thane N anofibres Having Shape emory Effect, Materials Letters, 62(14), 2074-2076.
B udun, S., İşg ören, E., Erd em, R., & üksek, M. ( 2016), orphological and Mechanical Analysis of Electrospun Shape emory Polyme r Fibers, Applied Surface Science, 380, 294 -300.
L eng, J., Lv, H., Liu, Y., & D u, S. (2007), Electroactivate S hape- m emory Polym er Filled with Nanocarbon Particles and Short C arbon Fibers, Applied Physic s Letters, 91(14), 144105.
Sahoo, N. G., Rana, S., Cho, J. W., Li, L., & Chan, S. H. ( 2010), P olymer Nanocomposites Based on Functionalized Carbon N anotubes, Pro ress in Polyme r Science, 35(7 ), 837-867.
Z hang, F. H., hang, Z. C., Liu, Y. J., and Leng, J. S. ( 2014), E lectrospun N anofiber Membranes for E ectrically Activated Shape Memory Nanocomposites, Smart Mate rials and Stru ctures, 23(6), 065020.
Jeon, H. J., Kim, J. S., Kim, T. G., Kim, J. H., Yu, W. R., & Youk, J. H. (2008), Preparation of Poly (ɛ-caprolactone)- based P olyurethane Nanofibers C ontaining Si ver Nanoparticles, A pplied Surface Science, 254( 18), 5886-5890.
Z hang, F., Zha ng, Z., Liu, Y., Lu, H., & eng, J. (2013 ), The Q uintuple-shap e Memory E ffect in Electrospun Nanofiber embranes, Sm art Materials and Structures, 2(8), 085020.
T an, L., Hu, J., Ying Rena, K., Zhu, Y., & L iu, P. (2017), Quick ater‐respons ive Shape emory Hybrids with Cellulose N anofibers, Journal of Pol ymer Science Part A: Po lymer C hemistry, 55(4), 767-775.
Tan, L., Gan, L., Hu, J., Zh u, Y., & Han J. (2015), Functional Shape Memory Composite Nanofibers with Graphene Oxide Filler, Comp sites Part A: Applied Science and Manufa cturing, 76, 115-123.
Gong, T., Li W., Chen, H ., Wang, L., Shao, S., & Z hou, S. (2012), Remotely Actuated Shape Memory Effect of Ele trospun Composite Nanofibers, Acta Biomaterialia, 8(3), 1248-1259.
Mather, P. T., and Luo, X. F. (2011), Shape Memory El astomer, Useful e.g. to Form Adaptive Seals Such as Heat-shrinkab le Seals that Prevent Water Leaking and Produce Configurable Surgical Tools, Comprises Non-Wov en Mat, and Resin Matrix Infiltrated Throughout th e Mat. US201 1021097-A1.
Mather, P. T., Torbati, A., a nd Mather, R. (2014), Near Infrared Fluorescent Marker for Use in e.g. M edical Device During Surgical Procedure in e.g. Mouse, has Electrospun Fibr us Web Formed from Shape Memory Polymer and Near Infrared ye with Excitation an Emission Wa velength. US2014303490-A1.
Mejía, M. A., Hoyos, L. M., Zapata, J., Restrepo, L. M., & Moneada, M. E. (2016). Electrospinning of Gelatin and SMPU with Carbon Nanotubes fo r Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. In Engineering n Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC ), 2016 IEEE 38th Annual International Confere nce of the (pp . 4181-4184). IEEE.
Tan, L., Hu, J., Huang, H., Han, J., & Hu, H. (2015), Study of Multi-function al Electrospu n Composite Nanofibrous M ats for Smart Wound Healing, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 79, 469-476.
Zhuo, H. T., Hu, J. L., & Ch en, S. J. (2011), Coaxial Ele trospun Polyurethane Core-shell N anofibers for Shape Mem ry and Antibacterial Nanomaterials, Express Polymer Letters, 5(2), 182-187.
Aslan, S. (2 017), “Şekil Hafızalı Polimer Esaslı Fonksiyonel Tekstil Yapılarının Geliştiril mesi”, Süleyma n Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü T ekstil Mühend isliği Anabili m Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 150s, Isparta.
Kobayashi, K., & Hayashi, S. (1992), U.S. Patent No. 5, 128,197. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Stylios, G. K., Chan, Y. Y. F., Wan, T., Lam, P., & ang, S. (2005), Engi neering Textil e Aesthetics b y Shape and Colour Changing Materials, In 5th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Portoroz, Slov enia.
Chan Vili, Y. Y. F. (2007), Investigating Smart Textiles B ased on Shape Memo y Materials, T extile Research Journal, 77(5), 290-300.
Katie, P. K. K. (2010), Th e Study of Woven Jaqourd Fabrics Using Shape Memory Poly mers, The H ng Kong Pol ytechnic University Institute of Textil es & Clothing, 109p, Hong K ong.
Heung Yang, J. Chul Chun, B., Chung, Y. C., Whan Ch o, J., & Gyoo Cho, B. (2004), Vibr ation Control Ability of Multilayered Composite Material Made of Epoxy Beam and Polyu rethane Copolymer w ith Shape M emory Effect, Journal of Applied Polymer Scie ce, 94(1), 302 -307.
Lim, K. Y., Kim, B. C., & Y oon, K. J. (200 2), Effect of Structural Characteristi on Physical Properties of C opolyesters fr om Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) Oligomer and Polycaprolactone, Journal of Polymer Science Part B: P olymer Physics, 40(22), 2552-2560.
Cho, J. W., Jung, Y. C., C hun, B. C., & Chung, Y. C. (2004), Water Vapor Permeability and Mechanica Properties of Fabrics C oated with Sh ape‐memory Polyurethane. Journal of Applied Polymer Scienc e, 92(5), 2812- 2816.
Jeong, H. M., Ahn, B. K., Cho, S. M., & Kim B. K. (2000), Water V apor Permeability of Sh pe Memory Polyurethane with A morphous Reversible Phase, Journal of Pol mer Science P art B: Polymer Physic s, 38(23), 3009-3017.
H u, J. L., Zen g, Y. M., & Yan, H. J. (2003), Influen ce of P rocessing Con ditions on the Microstructure and Propert ies of Shape Memory Polyurethane Membranes, Textile Re search Journal, 73(2), 1 72-178.
Y eqiu, L., Jinlia n, H., Yong, Z ., & Zhuohon , Y. (2005), S urface odification o f Cotton Fab ric by Graftin g of Polyurethane, C arbohydrate P olymers, 61(3), 276-280.
H u, J. L., & Ya g, Z. H. (2004), CN 1648143.
H u, J. L., & Fan, H. J. (2004), CN 1648145.
H u, J. L., & Liu, Y. Q. (2004), China Patent: CN1704523.
H u, J. L., Liu, Y . J. Zheng, G. H., & Liu, Y. (2006), China P atent: C N1818198.
H u, J. L., Liu, Y . J., & Liu, Y. (2008), China Patent: CN1818 198.
Fan, H. J., Hu, J. L., & Ji, F . L. (2004, Ju ne), Environm ental-benign Therma -sensitive Pol urethane for Textile Finishi ng, In orld Textile Conference 4th AUTEX Conference, Roubaix, France (Vol. 22 ).
T obushi, H., ara, H., Yam ada, E., & Hayashi, S. ( 1996), Thermomechanical Properties in a Thin Film of Shape Memory P olymer of Pol yurethane Seri es, Smart Mate rials and Stru ctures, 5(4), 483.
K night, P. T., Lee, K. M., Qin, H., & Mather, P. T. ( 2008), B iodegradable Thermoplastic Polyureth nes Incorporating P olyhedral Olig osilsesquioxane, Biomacrom olecules, 9(9), 2458-2467.
Wagermaier, W., Kratz, K., H euchel, M. & Lendlein, A. ( 2010), C haracterization Methods for Shape Memo y Polymers, S hape-emory Polym ers, 226, 97-145.
L endlein, A., Schmidt, A.M. & Langer, R. (2001), AB-po lymer N etworks Based on Olig o(epsiloncapro lactone) Seg ments Showing Shape -memory Prop erties, Proceedings of the Na tional A cademy of Sc iences of the United States of America, 98 (3), 842-847.
X ie, T. (2010) , Tunable Polymer Multi-shape Memory Effect, N ature, 464 (72 86), 267-270.
L in, J. R., & Chen, L. W. (1998), Study on Shape‐memory B ehavior of Polyether‐based Polyurethane s. I. Influence of the H ard‐segment Content, Jou rnal of Applied Polymer Science, 69(8), 1563-1574.
L uo, H. (2012 , Study on St imulus-respon ive Cellulose- based P olymeric Materials, (Doctoral dissertatio , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University).
L i, F., Chen, Y ., Zhu, W., Z ang, X., & Xu, M. (1998), Shape emory Effect of Polyethylene/Nylon 6 Graft Copol ymers,Polymer, 39(26) , 6929-6934.
Ma, D., Wang, M., Wang, ., Zhang, X., & Luo, X. ( 1998),
C ompositional Heterogeneity, Thermostable, and Shape Memory P roperties of Et hylene Oxide‐ ethylene Terephthalate Segm ented C opolymer with Long Soft Se gment, Journal of Applied Po lymer Science, 69(5), 947-955.
Luo, X., Zha g, X., Wang, M., Ma, D., Xu, M. & Li, F. (1997), Thermally Sti mulated Shape-memory Beha ior of Ethylen e Oxide-ethylene Tere phthalate Segm ented Copolym er, Journal of Applied Polymer Scie ce, 64, 2433-2440.
Tey, S. J., Huang, W. M., & Sokolowski, . M. (2001), I nfluence of Long-term Storage in Col d Hibernation on Strain Reco ery and Recovery Stress of Polyurethane Shape Memory Polymer Foam, Smart Materia ls and Structures, 10(2), 321.
Gall, K., Dun n, M. L., Liu, ., Finch, D., Lake, M., & Mu nshi, N. A. (2002), Shape Memor y Polymer anocomposites, Acta Materialia, 50(20), 5115-5126.
Wagermaier W., Kratz K., Heuchel M., Lendlein A. (2009), Characterization Methods for Shape-memory Polym ers. In: Lendlein A. ( ds) Shape-me mory Polymers, Advances in Polymer Science, vol 226, Springer, B erlin, Heidelb rg.
Yahia, L. (Ed.). (2015), Shape Memory Po lymers for Bio medical Applications, Elsevier.
Huang, H., Zhang, D., Wan g, T. J., Mao, Z. P., Yu, W. D. and Yan, H. J. (2007), Proc eedings of th e 2007 International Conference on Advanced Fi bers and Poly mer Materials, Vols. 1 and 2, 546.
http://www2.smptechno.com/en/smp/
Shen, H., & Chou, J. J. (2008), MemBrain: Improv ing the Accuracy of redicting Tra nsmembrane Helices, PloS o ne, 3(6), e2399.
http://www.toray.com/produ cts/textiles/tex 0050.html
http://www.gradozero.eu/gzenew/index.php?pg=sonesuit&lang=en
Sáenz-Pérez, M., Bashir, T., Laza, J. M., García-Barrasa, J ., Vilas, J. L., Skrifvars, M., & León, L. M. (2018), Novel Shape-memory Polyurethane Fibers for Te xtile Applications, Textile R esearch Journal, 0040 517518760756.
Nike 2007 Featured Tech nology, Nike Sphere Rea ct Cool http://store.ni e.com/?country=US&lang locale=en US& l=shop,pdp,ct -inline/cid-100 701/pid-240998#l=shop,pdp, ctr- inline/cid-100701/pid-240998.
Mei, Z., Ren, H., Chen, S., Ge, Z., & Hu, J. (2017), Study on the Moisture Absorption of Zwitterionic Copolymers for Moisture‐ sensitive Shape Memory A pplications, P lymers for Advanced Technologies.
Topolkaraev, V. A., & Soere ns, D. A. (2003), Methods of Making Humidity Activated Material s Having Shape-memory. U.S . Patent No 6,627, 673.