Gülsemin SAVAŞ TUNA, İsmet BAŞER, Metin TUNA

Türkiye’nin Farklı Coğrafik Bölgelerinden Toplanan Brachypodium distachyon L. P. Beauv. Doğal Popülasyonlarının Morfolojik Karakterizasyonu

Brachypodium distachyon yalancı parlak brom , serin mevsim buğdaygilleri için yeni bir model bitkidir. Bu çalışmada, Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü koleksiyonunda bulunan ve ülkemizin farklı coğrafik bölgelerinden toplanmış 48 adet doğal B. distachyon popülasyonu materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuş ve kontrolsüz sera plastik koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Popülasyonlar 17 morfolojik özellik bakımından karakterize edilmiş ve morfolojik karakterlerin yükseklik ile olan ilişkileri incelenmiştir. Popülasyonların ortalama olarak bitki boylarının 24.7 cm, bayrak yaprak ayası boyunun 5.6 cm, bayrak yaprak ayası eninin 4.5 mm, biyokütlenin kök hariç 4.5 g bitki-1, başaklı sap sayısının 34 adet, başaksız sap sayısının 4 adet, bitki başına başakçık sayısının 111 adet, bitki başına tohum sayısının 372 tohum, bitkilerin sahip olduğu tohum ağırlığının 1.95 g, bin tane ağırlığının 5.22 g olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, tohumların çimlenme süresinin ortalama 15 gün, bitkilerin başak çıkarma süresinin 125 gün ve çiçeklenme süresinin 136 gün olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bitkilerin genel olarak yeşil renkte, tüylü yapıda ve dik formda olduğu, ancak bazı popülasyonlarda yatık ve yarı dik formların da bulunduğu gözlenmiştir. Morfolojik karakterlerdeki varyasyon Temel Bileşen Analizi PCA kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan korelasyon analizinde yükseklik arttıkça bitkilerde çimlenme süresinin azaldığı, bin tane ağırlığı ve bitki görünümü değerlerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre B. distachyon koleksiyonunda morfolojik karakterler bakımından büyük bir varyasyon olduğu saptanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Brachypodium distachyon, Morfolojik özellik, Varyasyon, Temel bileşen analizi, Korelasyon, Genetik kaynak

Morphological Characterization of Brachypodium distachyon L. P. Beauv. Natural Populations Collected from Different Geographical Regions of Turkey

Brachypodium distachyon is a new model plant species for cool season grasses. In this study, 48 natural B. distachyon populations from the collection stored at Namık Kemal University, Department of Field Crops; which were collected from different geographic regions of Turkey were used. Seventeen morphological characters and their relationship with altitude were investigated in the study. Based on the result of study, average properties were 24.7 cm for plant height, 5.6 cm for length of flag leaf, 4.5 mm for width of flag leaf, 4.5 g for biomass weigth except the root , 34 for spike number per stem, 4 for number of stem without spike, 111 for number of spikelet per plant, 372 for number of seed per plant, 1.95 g for seed weight per plant, and 5.22 g for the thousand kernel weight. Additionally, average duration for seed germination, heading and anthesis were determined to be 15, 125, and 136 days respectively. It was determined that most of the plants had green colour, feathered structure and erect forms. But, semi-erect and even prostrate forms were also observed in some populations. All the data was subjected to principle component analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that B. distachyon collection used in this study have a tremendous morphological variation. Based on the results, duration of the germination had a negative correlation with increasing altitude while thousand kernel weight and plant appearance had a positive correlation

Keywords:

Brachypodium distachyon, Morphological characteristics, Variation, PCA, Correlation, Genetic resources,

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