Ghasem PARMOON, Ghasem PARMOON, Ali EBADI, Soodabe JANBAKHSH, Said Amir MOOSAVI

Tohum Yaşlandırma ve Önuygulamanın Meryemana Dikeni (Silybum marianum (L.) Tohumlarında Katalaz Aktivitesi ve Depo Rezervlerine Etkisi

Tohum yaşlandırma ve önuygulamanın meryemana dikeni tohumlarına etkisini belirlemek üzere tesadüf parselleri deneme deseninde ve 3 tekerrürlü bir deneme yürütülmüştür. Önuygulamaları, su önuygulaması (damıtık su) ve tuz önuygulaması (% 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 ve 6 KNO3 ), tohum yaşlandırmayı ise 45 °C ve % 100 oransal neme sahip ortamda bekletme (0, 48, 96 ve 144 saat) oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışmada, çimlenme yüzdesi, ortalama çimlenme süresi, fide boyu, fide kuru ağırlığı, tohum rezervi kullanım oranı (SRUR), tohum rezerv kullanım etkinliği (SRUE), kullanılan tohum rezervi fraksiyonu (FUSR), katalaz aktivitesi (CAT), fide ve kotiledon sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum ve sodyum içeriği ve sodyumun potasyuma oranı belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar; tohum önuygulamalarının çimlenme yüzdesini, fide boyunu ve kuru ağırlığını artırıp ortalama çimlenme süresini azaltırken, tohum yaşlandırmanın çimlenme süresi dışında tüm bu özellikleri azalttığını göstermiştir. En kısa ortalama çimlenme süresi ve en yüksek çimlenme oranı, fide boyu ve kuru ağırlık değerlerine % 3 ve % 1.5’lik KNO3 ile tohum yaşlandırma uygulamalarında ulaşılmıştır. Tohum yaşlandırma uygulamaları katalaz aktivitesini azaltmış ve % 3’lük KNO3 önuygulamasında ise en yüksek katalaz aktivitesi değerine ulaşılmıştır. Tohum yaşlandırma uygulamaları SRUR değerini artırırken, SRUE ve FSUR değerlerinde düzenli bir azalışa neden olmuştur. En yüksek SRUR değerine su önuygulamasında ulaşılırken en yüksek SRUE ve FSUR değerlerine % 3’lük KNO3 önuygulamasında ulaşılmıştır. Tohum yaşlandırma, fide ve kotiledonun Na+ içeriğini ve Na+/ K+ oranını artırırken, K+ ve Ca2+ içeriğini azaltmıştır. Genel olarak, önuygulamalar çimlenme yüzdesini artırıp, fide gelişimi, rezerv performansı ve katalaz aktivitesini iyileştirirken, Tohum yalandırma hücrelerden element yıkanmasını azaltmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çimlenme, Tohum yaşlandırma, SRUR, Potasyum nitrat, Fide boyu

Effects of Seed Priming on Catalase Activity and Storage Reservoirs of

In order to study effects of seed priming on storage reservoirs and element contents of aged milk thistle seeds a factorial experiment was conducted based on complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Treatments were hydropriming (using distilled water), halopriming (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6% KNO3) and accelerated aging (0, 48, 96 and 144 hours under 45 °C and 100% relative humidity). Investigated parameters were germination percentage, mean time germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, seed reservoirs usage rate (SRUR), seed reservoirs usage efficiency (SRUE), fraction of utilized seed reservoirs (FUSR), catalase activity (CAT), content of sodium, potassium, calcium and sodium to potassium ratio in seedling and cotyledons. The result showed that priming could increase germination percentage, seedling length, and dry weight and reduce mean time of seed germination, while under aging conditions all these traits were decreased except mean time of germination. Priming with concentrations of 3% and 1.5% KNO3 showed the highest germination percentage, seedling length, dry weight and least mean time germination. Catalase activity deceased at ageing treatment and priming seeds with 3% KNO3 exhibited the highest value of catalase activity. Aging treatment led to increase of SRUR and in contrast it decreased SRUE and FUSR. The highest SRUR appointed to hydropriming, whereas the highest amount of SRUE and FUSR belonged to 3% KNO3 treatment. Aging increased Na+ content and Na+/K+ ration while, it deceased K+ and Ca2+ in seedling and cotyledon. In general priming increased germination percent and improved seedling growth, performance of reserves and as well as increased catalase activity and reduced elements leakage from the cells under the aging.

Keywords:

Germination; Aged; SRUR; Potassium nitrate; Seedling length,

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